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Chi Square Test One Sample Test

This document provides information about conducting a chi-square test. It begins with introducing the topic, objectives, and requirements for chi-square tests. It then defines chi-square tests as statistical hypothesis tests used to analyze contingency tables with large sample sizes. The chi-square test formula is presented as a way to compare observed and expected frequencies across categories. Finally, an example is shown demonstrating a chi-square test of independence using survey data on music preferences to determine if gender and music preference are independent.

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Sunshine Samares
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99 views13 pages

Chi Square Test One Sample Test

This document provides information about conducting a chi-square test. It begins with introducing the topic, objectives, and requirements for chi-square tests. It then defines chi-square tests as statistical hypothesis tests used to analyze contingency tables with large sample sizes. The chi-square test formula is presented as a way to compare observed and expected frequencies across categories. Finally, an example is shown demonstrating a chi-square test of independence using survey data on music preferences to determine if gender and music preference are independent.

Uploaded by

Sunshine Samares
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I.

DATA Central Philippines State University


Kabankalan City, Negros Occidental

My Presentation in

MA 211: ADVANCED STATISTICS


Presented by:
JOHN MARK BORRES DE LA CRUZ
Bachelor of Secondary Education major Mathematics 2A
Time: 1:00pm – 4:00pm Date: February 17, 2023
II: TITLE

CHI – SQUARE TEST


(ONE SAMPLE TEST)
III: OBJECTIVES
By the end of this lesson, the students must be able to:
⟶ Define what is a Chi – Square Test
⟶ Compute the Chi – Square Test using a formula
⟶ Compute the expected frequencies
IV. INTRODUCTION
Chi – Square Test used to find there is any correlation among
nonnumeric variables that are frequently used in statistical studies
(Kothari, 2007). It is symbolized as x² stated that the following
requirements must be fulfilled before the test:
I. Observed and expected observations are to be collected randomly.
II. All the members or items in the sample must be independent.
III. None of the groups must contain very few items (less than 10)
Chi Square goodness of fit test, independence test and significant
contributions that he made to the modern statistics theory. The
significance of chi – square distribution of Pearson is that statisticians
can use statistical methods that do not depend on normal distribution in
order to interpret findings.
IV. INTRODUCTION
The significance of chi –square value is determine by the suitable
degree of freedom and consulting a chi – square table (Moore, 1994).
The two special purposes of chi – square test are to test the
hypothesis that there is no correlation among two variables or more
groups, populations or criteria, and to test to what extent the
observed data distribution fits to the expected distribution.
IV. LESSON PROPER
What is Chi – Square Test?
⟶ A Chi – Square Test is a statistical hypotheses test used in the analysis of
contingency tables when the sample sizes are large. In simpler terms, the test is
primarily used to examine whether two categorical variables are independent
influencing the test statistics.
⟶ A statistic to determine the difference between statistically expected and actual
scores. Can be used to test for bias by investigating the proportion of different
candidate type gets an item right.
Note: Chi sounds like “Hi” but
with a “K”, so it sounds like
“Ki” square. And Chi is the
Greek letter X, so we can also
write it x².
IV. LESSON PROPER
Chi – Square Test Formula
Chi – Square Test Formula is a statistical formula to compare two or more statistical
data sets. It is used for data that consist of variables distributed across various
categories and is denoted by x ².
Where:
Chi – Square Test Formula X² = is the chi – square test
is: ∑ = is the summation operator (it means
“take the sum of”)
x² = ∑ (O – E)²/E O = is the Observed frequency
E = is the Expected frequency
IV. LESSON PROPER
Types of Chi – Square Test
1.) Chi – Square goodness of fit test
⟶ Determines if sample data matches a population.
⟶ Fits one categorical variable to a distribution.
2.) Chi – Square Test for independence
⟶ Compares two variables in a contingency table.
⟶ Compares two sets of data to see if there is a
relationship.
Hypotheses is a statement that might be true, which
can be tested.
The Two Hypotheses are:
• Independent
• Not Independent
Example:
1.) 500 students in Grade 8 were asked, “Which do you like best? Pop Music or Rock Music?

Pop Rock (Observed


frequency) Total
(Observed frequency)
Boys 176 63 239
Girls 215 46 261
Total 391 109 500
Solutions:
The Hypotheses are
• Gender and preference for Pop and Rock are Independent.
• Gender and preference for Pop and Rock are Not Independent.

Pop (Expected Rock (Expected


frequency) frequency) Total

Boys 186.90 52.10 239


Girls 204.10 56.90 261
Total 391 109 500
Expected # of Boys in Pop Music = (239)(391)/500 = 186.90
Expected # of Boys in Rock Music = (239)(109)/(500) = 52.10
Expected # of Girls in Pop Music = (261)(391)/500 = 204.10
Expected # of Girls in Pop Music = (261)(109)/500 = 56.90
Pop (O – E)²/E Rock (O – E)²/E
Boys 0.6357 2.2804
Girls 0.5821 2.0880

x² = ∑(O – E)²/E = (176 – 186.90)²/186.90 + (63 – 52.10)²/52.10 + (215 – 204.10)²/204.10 +


(46 – 56.90)²/56.90
x² = 0.6357 + 2.2804 + 0.5821 + 2.0880
x² = 5.5862
Example:
2.) 600 people (250 less than or equal to 20 years old, and 350 greater than 20 years old)
were asked, “Which take – out food do you prefer fried Chicken, Burger or Chinese?
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!!!

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