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Central Limit Theorem

The central limit theorem states that the distribution of sample means approaches a normal distribution as sample size increases, regardless of the shape of the population distribution. The document provides two examples that apply the central limit theorem to calculate probabilities related to sample means. The first example calculates the probability that the mean score of 36 randomly selected students is higher than 21, given the population mean and standard deviation. The second example finds the probability that the mean lifespan of 50 randomly selected TV sets falls between 10 to 11 years.

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Zyrill Macha
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89 views13 pages

Central Limit Theorem

The central limit theorem states that the distribution of sample means approaches a normal distribution as sample size increases, regardless of the shape of the population distribution. The document provides two examples that apply the central limit theorem to calculate probabilities related to sample means. The first example calculates the probability that the mean score of 36 randomly selected students is higher than 21, given the population mean and standard deviation. The second example finds the probability that the mean lifespan of 50 randomly selected TV sets falls between 10 to 11 years.

Uploaded by

Zyrill Macha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CENTRAL LIMIT

THEOREM
Chapter III
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM
- is a statistical theory that states that given a sufficiently large
sample size from a population with a finite level of variance.
Formula
z = or z =
where:
- sample mean
s – standard deviation
µ - population mean
n – sample size

- Is the standard deviation of the sample mean


EXAMPLE
The mean raw score of Grade 11 students
in Statistics examination was 20 with a
standard deviation of 3. If 36 students are
randomly selected, find the probability
that the mean score of the students is
higher than 21.
THE MEAN RAW SCORE OF GRADE 11 STUDENTS IN
STATISTICS EXAMINATION WAS 20 WITH A STANDARD
DEVIATION OF 3. IF 36 STUDENTS ARE RANDOMLY
SELECTED, FIND THE PROBABILITY THAT THE MEAN
SCORE OF THE STUDENTS IS HIGHER THAN 21.

STEP 1. IDENTIFY THE


GIVEN
σ=3 µ = 20

n = 36 =?
-x = 21
STEP 2. COMPUTE THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE SAMPLE
MEAN
σ=3 n = 36
=

= = 0.5
STEP 3. COMPUTE THE z
SCORE

z=
z = 2.0

z=
STEP 4. DRAW THE GRAPH

Area z=2 = 0.4772

0.5000 – 0.4772 = 0.0228


18.5 19 19.5 20 20.5 21 21.5

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Therefore, the probability of obtaining sample that has a raw score of


higher than 21 is 0.0228 or 2.28%.
EXAMPLE 2
The average life span of TV sets manufactured
by company X is 10.5 years and the standard
deviation is 1.8 years. If a random sample of 50
TV sets are chosen, find the probability that the
mean life span of its TV sets is 10 to 11 years.
THE AVERAGE LIFE SPAN OF TV SETS MANUFACTURED
BY COMPANY X IS 10.5 YEARS AND THE STANDARD
DEVIATION IS 1.8 YEARS. IF A RANDOM SAMPLE OF 50 TV
SETS ARE CHOSEN, FIND THE PROBABILITY THAT THE
MEAN LIFE SPAN OF ITS TV SETS IS 10 TO 11 YEARS.
STEP 1. IDENTIFY THE
GIVEN
σ = 1.8 µ = 10.5

n = 50 =?
-x = 10
-x = 11
STEP 2. COMPUTE THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE SAMPLE
MEAN
σ = 1.8 n = 50
=

= = 0.2546
STEP 3. COMPUTE THE z
SCORE

z= z=

z= z=

z = -1.96 z = 1.96
STEP 4. DRAW THE GRAPH

Area z=-1.96 = 0.4750


Area z=1.96 = 0.4750

0.4750 + 0.4750 = 0.9500


9.9908 10.5 11.0092

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Therefore, the probability that the mean life span of its TV sets range from
10 to 11 years is 0.9500 or 95%.
The average amount of salt in mg. for certain
instant noodle per cup sold in the market is 200
mg. with a standard deviation of 10 mg. Assume
that the variable is distributed, and if a single cup
noodle is selected , find the probability that the of
salt in the noodle will be more than 210 mg.

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