STAT
STAT
COLLECTION
DATA
It a collection of facts from experiments, observations, sample surveys and
censuses, and administrative reporting systems). data are facts and figures
that are presented, collected and analyzed. Data are either numeric or non-
numeric and must be contextualized.
TAKE A LOOK AT THIS EXAMPLE
3, red, F, 156, 4, 65, 50, 25, 1, M, 9, 40, 68, blue, 78, 168, 69, 3, F,
6, 9, 45,50, 20, 200, white, 2, pink, 160, 5, 60, 100, 15, 9, 8, 41,
65, black, 68, 165, 59, 7, 6, 35, 45
• Although the collection is composed of numbers and symbols that could be classified as numeric or
non-numeric, the collection has no meaning or it is not contextualized, hence it cannot be referred to
as data.
TO CONTEXTUALIZE DATA, WE MUST IDENTIFY ITS SIX W’S OR TO
PUT MEANING ON THE DATA, WE MUST KNOW THE FOLLOWING W’S OF THE
DATA:
Discrete data are those data that can be counted, e.g., the number of days for cellphones to fail, the ages
of survey respondents measured to the nearest year, and the number of patients in a hospital. These data
assume only (a finite or infinitely) countable number of values.
Continuous data are those that can be measured, e.g. the exact height of a survey respondent and the
exact volume of some liquid substance. The possible values are uncountably infinite.
TYPE OF QUANTITATIVE
VARIABLE TYPE OF VARIABLE
VARIABLE
CLASS STUDENT NUMBER QUALITATIVE
SEX QUALITATIVE
NUMBER OF SIBLINGS QUANTITATIVE DISCRETE
WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) QUANTITATIVE CONTINUOUS
HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) QUANTITATIVE CONTINUOUS
AGE OF MOTHER QUANTITATIVE DISCRETE
USUAL DAILY ALLOWANCE (IN
QUANTITATIVE DISCRETE
PESOS)
USUAL DAILY FOOD
QUANTITATIVE DISCRETE
EXPENDITURE ( IN PESOS)
USUAL NUMBER OF TEXT
QUANTITATIVE DISCRETE
MESSAGES SENT IN A DAY
USUAL SLEEPING TIME QUALITATIVE
MOST PREFERRED COLOR QUALITATIVE
HAPPINESS INDEX FOR THE DAY QUALITATIVE
KEY POINTS