COMMUNITY

ENGAGEMENT,
SOLIDARITY AND
CITIZENSHIP
(ACADEMIC TRACK:
Specialized subject)

2nd Semester:

Month: FEBRUARY 15,

2023
 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

MELC: Compare and contrast the definitions of community using 2

Q1-W2-LESSON 1
various perspectives, e.g., social sciences, institutions, civil
society, and local/grassroots level
 Objective: the learners shall be able to synthesize
the integrative experience of implementing
community action initiatives applying social science
ideas and methods

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

Q1-W2-LESSON 1 3
 OBJECTIVES: A. Learning Competency
Compare and contrast the
definitions of community using
various perspectives, e.g., social
sciences, institutions, civil society,
and local/grassroots level.

B. Learning Competency Code: HUMSS_CSC12-IIIa-c- 4

2 C. Skill: Compare and contrast

A. Reviewing previous lesson

1. Presentation of Individual work assignment:

Learners will present their community. They will

individually describe in 2-3 sentences.

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 COMMUNITY

Community has various meanings, it can be geographic and social

identity.
A community can be a group of individuals living together in a specific
place like your barangay or your town. These are people with common
interests living in a particular area.
Community is also a group of people bound together to have common
traits, goals, aspirations, or duties as of organizations. This shows
that community bind individuals into a group. A community is a living unit
that is active. It is composed of people like you and I. People in a
community moves in the same way that help each other for the common6

good of everyone.
 COMMUNITY

is similar to other living organisms, it comprises of different parts

which has different responsibilities and functions to work within
specific limits to meet community needs.

Here are the different perspectives on community.

A. Social Sciences Perspectives

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 COMMUNITY

ETHYMOLOGICAL ORIGIN

Community –late Middle English Term

Latin –’communitas’-fellowship

Latin roots-communis-common
com-with or together
munire-to strengthen , to fortify
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 COMMUNITY

it’s a fan
It’s a spear
It’s a wall
It’s a snake
It’s a tree
It’s a rope

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 COMMUNITY

Nature:

Sociological construct
Fuzzy boundaries
Can exist within a larger community
It may move.

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 A. SOCIAL SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE

Here are the different perspectives on community.

A. Social Sciences Perspectives
Social sciences are academic disciplines concerned with the study of
people and societies and the relationships among individuals within
a society.
The social sciences include economics, political science, human
geography, demography, psychology, sociology, and anthropology.

A study in social sciences stresses a deeper understanding of people’s

behaviors and processes in relation to the system of societal order.
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 A. SOCIAL SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE
TYPES OF HUMAN ASSOCIATION by: Ferdinand Tonnies 1887 (German Sociologist

GEMEINCHAFT GESELCHAFT
Community Society or association
Is a community with a tighter Is agroup where individual s
and more comprehensive participate as members
social entity brought about driven solely by self.
by “variety of will”
Social entity brought about Members of the society
by unity of will driven solely by self interest. 12
Social Science Perspective (cont)

A community is a group of people whose connections

and relations are formed by their shared history,
experiences, geographies and identities.

MAN SOCIALIZATION COMMUNITY

ADD A FOOTER 13
 1. ANTHROPOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE
.

Anthropology is the study of people.

 It focuses on the understanding of human diversity.
 It discovers the entire view of the human experience from
human origins to contemporary forms of culture and social
life

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 2. SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

The basic concept of sociology is that human behaviour is

shaped by the groups to which people belong and by the
social interaction that take place within those groups.

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 SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Sociological perspective enables us to accept who we are

through the understanding that we behave the way we do
because we happen to live in a specific space and time.

It enables us to see society as a temporary social product,

created by human beings and capable of being changed by
them as well.. 16
 2. POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE

Political Science is a social science which deals with the

system of governance, and the analysis of political activities,
thoughts and behavior.

It is the practice of politics which is commonly thought of as

determining of the distribution of power and resources.
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 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

MELC: Compare and contrast the definitions of community using 18

Q1-W2-LESSON 2 various perspectives, e.g., social sciences, institutions, civil
INSTITUTIONAL
PERSPECTIVE society, and local/grassroots level
B. INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

According to Giddens (1990) many aspects of social life may be

institutionalized.

Institutionalized forms of social conduct refer to modes of belief and behavior that
occur and recur or are socially reproduced.

Types of institutions are family institutions, religious institutions, educational

institutions, government institutions, and economic institutions.
1. Family Institutions

The family is the basic unit of the society.

 It is the major social institution and a center of much of person’s social

activity.
 It is a social unit created by blood, marriage, or adoption, and can be
described as nuclear (parents and children) or extended (with other
relatives.

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2. Government Institutions

The government as institution gives its citizens with freedom and rights in
the community.

It is through government that peace and balance is achieved. The

government is also one of the institutions that help the community to
develop and progress.

On the other hand, the citizens have the freedom and obligation to give
check and balance on the government and respond on any
mismanagement.

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3. Economic Institutions

Economic institutions cater to the survival needs of community, every

society and community develops ways of coping with everyday situations of
life.

Economist sees institutions as the mechanism in which goods, services,

and money are distributed in the community we live in.

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4. Religious Institutions

Man, from the very beginning sought to find the meaning of his life, his
purpose and existence.

As we looked for these pursuits in our introspection of existence, we have

found faith.

Religion is one of the pillars from which our civilization is built.

Religion has the big contribution in advancing civilizations, building morality

and has been the reason for the downfall of many.

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5. Educational Institutions

Education is very significant in every human being for him to live and
function well in the community.

The basic education in the Philippines is free, it is a great privilege for every
Filipino to study and be educated as a good citizen of the country. .

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5. Educational Institutions

Education is very significant in every human being for him to live and
function well in the community.

The basic education in the Philippines is free, it is a great privilege for every
Filipino to study and be educated as a good citizen of the country. .

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 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

Q1-W2-LESSON 3-CIVIL MELC: Compare and contrast the definitions of community using 26
SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE various perspectives, e.g., social sciences, institutions, civil
society, and local/grassroots level
C. Civil Society

Civil society is considered as the third sector aside from government and
private sectors.

It comprises of voluntary civic and social organizations and institutions that

act in group or individually that work outside from governmental institutions.

Community service is usually operated by the civil society. The emergence

of the civil society is from the spirit of voluntarism and altruism.

Many civil society organizations such as people’s organization, civic

organization, and social movements function on a common spirit for the
welfare of others. 27
1. People’s Organization or Non-Government Organization (NGO) Non-
government organizations are independent units and are legally
established organization.

This is created by people or company for the benefit of those who belong
to marginalized citizens.

Some of the examples are:

 Philippine Red Cross,
 Bantay Bata 163, Inc.,
 HARIBON Foundation, and
 Habitat for Humanity Philippines.
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2. Civic Organization

Civic organizations can be found in our local community. Some of the

examples are the:
 senior citizens,
 fraternal societies (Masonry, Eagle’s Club, Rotary club and etc.), and
 rescue groups.

They usually attend to the needs of the people especially those who are
under privileged community.

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3. Social Movements

Social movements are formed to bring awareness to the people and

government of their ideologies.

Social movements in the Philippines started from the colonial times up to

the present times. These movements aim for political and social
change.

Some of the examples are the:

 Lesbian, Gay Bisexual,
 Transgender and other gender preferences (LGBTQ +);
 Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU), New People’s Army (NPA), Gabriela, and
etc. 30
 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

MELC: Compare and contrast the definitions of community using 31

Q1-W2-LESSON 3-CIVIL
SOCIETY EPRSPECTIVE various perspectives, e.g., social sciences, institutions, civil
society, and local/grassroots level
C. CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE
Civil society is considered as the third sector aside from
government and private sectors. It comprises of
voluntary civic and social organizations and
institutions that act in group or individually that work
outside from governmental institutions. Community
service is usually operated by the civil society. The
emergence of the civil society is from the spirit of
voluntarism and altruism. Many civil society
organizations such as people’s organization, civic
organization, and social movements function on a
ADD A FOOTER 32

common spirit for the welfare of others.

1. People’s Organization or Non-government Organization
Non-government organizations are independent units and
are legally established organization. This is created by
people or company for the benefit of those who belong to
marginalized citizens.
Some of the examples are:
 Philippine Red Cross,
 Bantay Bata 163, Inc.,
 HARIBON Foundation, and
 Habitat for Humanity Philippines
33
2. CIVIC ORGANIZATION

Civic organizations can be found in our local community.

Some of the examples are the:
 senior citizens,
 fraternal societies (Masonry, Eagle’s Club, Rotary
club and etc.), and
 rescue groups.

They usually attend to the needs of the people especially

those who are under privileged community. 34
2. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
Social movements are formed to bring awareness to the
people and government of their ideologies. Social
movements in the Philippines started from the colonial
times up to the present times. These movements aim for
political and social change.
Some of the examples are the:
 Lesbian, Gay Bisexual, Transgender and other
gender preferences (LGBTQ +);
 Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU), New People’s Army
(NPA), Gabriela, and etc
35
IV. FORMATIVE ACTIVITIES:
Activity 1: Spot the Difference
Instructions: Compare and Contrast the meaning of Community

Geographical Social Identity

Similar

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EVALUATION:
Summative Activity (Evaluation) The teacher will give a 15-item Quiz
about the 2-day’s discussion.
I. TRUE OR FALSE. Read each statement carefully.
_____ 1. Community is a collection of people in a particular territory.
_____ 2. Collection of people is always synonymous with community.
_____ 3. The daily operations in the community constitute to a feeling
of isolation.
_____ 4. Society is another term for community.
_____5. Being a part of a community develops a sense of
belongingness among individuals..

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EVALUATION:
II. IDENTIFICATION. Identify what is being asked in each statement.
_________________1. It is defined as collection of people in a
geographical area.
_________________ 2. It is the study of society and social interactions.
_________________ 3. An element of a community which pertains to a
geographical area which pertains to a geographical area which can be
under the jurisdiction of the government.
_________________ 4. It is the study of man.
_________________ 5. It is defined as an established organization.

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III. MATCHNG TYPE. Match column A to Column B.
_______ 1. Pertains to highly industrialize communities.
_______ 2. Consists of agricultural lands, also referred as pre-industrial
communities.
_______ 3. A densely populated area usually crowded and has dirty run-
down housing.
_______ 4. An area of land that has been divided on smaller areas on
which houses were built.
_______ 5. Refers to the social standing of an individual.
B.
a. Slums c. Social Status e. Subdivision
b. Urban d. Rural f. Community
ADD A FOOTER 39
Assignment/ Agreement:

1. Write a journal about your role in your community.

ADD A FOOTER 40
 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY AND CITIZENSHIP

MELC: Compare and contrast the definitions of community using 41

Q1-W2-LESSON 4-LOCAL/
GRASSROOTS LEVEL various perspectives, e.g., social sciences, institutions, civil
society, and local/grassroots level
MOTIVATION:

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LOCAL GRASSROOTS LEVEL PERSPECTIVE:

A grassroots movement is one that uses the

people in a given district, region or community as
the basis for a political or economic movement.
Grassroots movements and organizations use
collective action from the local level to effect
change at the local, regional, national or
international level.

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LOCAL GRASSROOTS LEVEL PERSPECTIVE:

Grassroots organizations are primarily made up of civilians advocating a

cause to spur change at local, national, or international levels. Here are 
15 examples of grassroot organizations working towards change across
the globe. Bottom-up approaches allow for the citizens– sometimes
through grassroots organizations– to define their own goals and how to
achieve them. The opposite approach is called top-down, normally
employed by IOs, governments, or corporations, that institute policies
and regulations that affect the populations they serve. And while these
are two distinctive management styles, a feedback loop of bottom-up
and top-down approaches can help track and monitor an innovative
project.
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How do grassroots organizations affect community change?

Most importantly, grassroots organizing ensures that anyone

can advocate for change. It emphasizes the power created by
and for the activists involved, and power is always shared,
amplified, and encouraged within the community.

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WHAT ARE GRASSROOTS DONATIONS?

Grassroots fundraising is a fundraising method used

by nonprofits, political candidates, and other types of
organizations to raise funds. It's a fundraising method
that involves gathering lots of recurring donations from
individual contributors, supporters, or donors, rather than
large one-time donations.

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LOCAL GRASSROOTS LEVEL PERSPECTIVE:

A grassroots movement is one that uses the

people in a given district, region or community as
the basis for a political or economic movement.
Grassroots movements and organizations use
collective action from the local level to effect
change at the local, regional, national or
international level.

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EVALUATION:

Essay

What is the significant role of grassroots

level in the development of a community?

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ASIGNMENT :

STUDY ABOUT THE VARIOUS

COMMUNITY PERSPECTIVES AND BE
READY FOR A SUMMATIVE TEST.

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