1.
1 Understanding that microorganism is a living things Microorganism
Bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Virus
Characteristics
Breathe
Move
Grow
Cannot see with naked eyes tiny
Cause the dough rise
Rotten oranges Mouldy rice
1.1 Understanding that some microorganism are harmful and some are useful
Some Organisms Are Harmful And Some Are Useful Useful
-Making food (bread/tapai/tempe/ yogurt) -Making fertilizer -Mking medcine
Harmful
Prevention
Washing hand
Can cause
Disease
Stomach upset Measles/cough
Drink boiled water Covering mouth & nose when coughing & sneezing
Illness
Food poisoning Food stale
Tooth decay Tooth decay Conjunctivity/mumps
how animals take care of Their eggs and young. Examples animals that take care of their eggs and young.
Bird, Frog, Spider, Fish, Snake, turtle, Kangroo, Elephant Bird - Eggs with shell covering Frog - Eggs are thick, slimy and having bad smell Spider - kept in a bag underneath its body Fish - keep their young in their mouths Snake, Tiger - attack in order to protect their eggs Turtle - hide their eggs Kangaroo - carry their young in their pouches Elephant - stay in herds
Survival of Animal Species
Why animals take care of their eggs and young.
To ensure the survival of their species
Shortage of food resource
Importance
Animals and plants species may face extinction.
Agents of dispersal
Special characteristic
Examples
Light
Coconut Lily
Water
Air Space in the fruits Not water absorbent
Light
Shorea Angsana Lalang
2.2 Survival of Plant Species
Wind
Small in size Winged
Rubber fruit
Explosive mechanism
Dry when ripe Explodes when mature
Balsam fruit Chestnut
Brightly coloured
Rambutan Mango Love grass Mimosa
Animal
Edible Have smells Have hook
3.1 Food Chain
Animals and the food they eat
Producer
Classify animals into herbivore, carnivore and omnivore.
Construct food chain
Consumer
All living things need food to survive. Green plant can make their own food. However animals cannot make their own make their own food.
Green plant obtain energy from the sun to make food. Green Plant as a producer
Herbivore : Animals that eat plants only. e.g.: cow, goat, deer
The food relationship among living things can be shown by a food chain.
Animals that eat plant or other animals are called consumers.
Carnivore: Animals that eat other animals. e.g.: tiger, lion To construct food chain It must start with plant as a producer.
Omnivore: Animals that eat plants and other animals
In a food chain the arrow means eaten by
3.2 Synthesizing food chain to construct food web.
What will happen to a certain species of animals if they eat only one type of food
Food web
Food web of different habitats
What will happen If there is a change in population of a certain species in a food web
A change in the population of a certain species will effect the Population of other species
garden
hey will face difficulty to survive if the Source of food runs out
Paddy field
1 Energy
2 Electricity
3 Light
4 Heat
INVES IGA ING FORCE AND ENERGY
- by living things to carry out life processes. Ex : moving, breathing, growing - to move, boil, melt, or bounce non-living things
Why energy is needed?
ENERGY
Water
- moving or falling water produce energy
1.1 he Uses of Energy
Sun
- main source of energy - produces light and heat
The Sources of Energy
Food Batteries Fuel
- wood, coal, petroleum, natural gas
Wind
- Moving air - Used to pump water, drive small sawmills
- food contains stored energy
- device that generated electrical energy from chemical energy
INVES IGA ING FORCE AND ENERGY
Light energy Heat energy Electrical energy Kinetic energy
Chemical energy
Sound energy
Form of energy
Potential energy
ENERGY
Energy can be transformed
1.2 Energy can be transformed from one form to another
Example of appliance that make use of energy transform
a) lighting a candle Chemical energy heat energy + light energy b) Kicking a ball Chemical energy kinetic energy heat energy
a) Electric iron Electrical energy b) Radio Electrical energy c) Television Electrical energy
heat energy
sound energy
sound energy + light energy
INVES IGA ING FORCE AND ENERGY
Energy that cannot be replaced Resources solar, wind, biomass fuel, water Energy that be replenished when it is used up Resources natural gas, petroleum, coal
Non-renewable energy
ENERGY
1.3 Renewable and Non-renewable Energy
Renewable energy
Why use energy wisely
Avoid wastage Some energy resources cannot be replenished when used up To save cost
How to use energy
Reduce pollution
Turn off the television when no one watching it
Switch off the lights before going to leave the room
Dry cell Precautions
Electricity
Sources
Dynamo Solar cell
Danger of mishandling electrical appliances Fire Burn Electrocution Parallel circuit ype of circuit
Accumulator
Electric shock Safety precautions to be taken when using appliances
Do not touch electrical appliances with wet hand Do not repair electrical appliances on your own
Series circuit
Symbol and component
Name Dry cell Connecting wire Switch The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter then the bulb in the series circuit Bulb
Symbol
Differences
Light
Travel in a straight line Can be reflected How ? The light that falls on objects bounces off the objects and comes to your eyes mirror
Opaque object
Uses of reflection How shadow is formed
Periscope
Kaleidoscope
When light is completely or partially blocked by an opaque object
Side mirror of a car
Light
Shadow form
Heat
Gain Loss
Warmer Cooler
The effects of heat on matter
How to measure temperature using the correct technique
Matter expands when heated
Matter contract when cooled
Investigating Materials
wood
water
milk
air
solid
stone
liquid
gas
stem
examples
1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas
Properties of solid Properties of liquid Properties of gas
has mass fixed volume
can't fixed shape Can't fixed volume
has mass
fixed shape has mass
fixed volume
no permanent shape
can compressed
solid - liquid
melting
Boiling
1.2 CHANGING S A ES OF WA ER
liquid - gas
Affected by windy and hot weather
evaporation
gas - liquid
condensation
liquid - solid
Freezing
1.3 Understanding the water cycle.
condensation evaporation
Importance of water.
Formation of clouds and rain.
sea
Circulation of water in the environment.
Changes in the states of matter in the water cycle Gas liquid (Condensation) Droplets of water will become bigger and heavier rain
Liquid to gas (evaporation)
o prevent living aquatic from being destroyed and undergoing extinction
o avoid infected diseases
o regulate the formation of clouds and rain
Reasons to keep our water resources clean.
o ensure the cleanliness of water supply
1.4 Appreciating the importance of water resources.
Ways to keep our water resources clean Keep the rivers clean Cleanliness campaign
2.1 he properties of acid, alkaline and neutral substances.
Identify acidic, alkaline and neutral substances using litmus paper. Changes in colour of litmus papers blue to red acid no change neutral red to blue Properties of alkali alkaline Taste bitter & change red litmus paper blue
Identify the taste of acidic and alkaline food.
Conclude the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances.
bitter
sour
Properties of acid Taste sour & change blue litmus paper red
Properties of neutral substances
Other tastes no changes in litmus paper
INVES IGA ING HE EAR H AND HE UNIVERSE
Constellation
planting
harvesting desert
Indicates Seasons
Importance of constellation
Show directions
sea
What constellation is
1.1 Understanding the constellation
A group of stars that form a certain pattern in the sky June - August Scorpion
Southern Cross
Identify constellation
Scorpion
south
Orion
South April June
Big dipper
Hunter
North
Kite or Cross Water dipper North December - January
HE EAR H , HE MOON AND HE SUN
Earth rotates on it axis
Moon rotates on it axis Moon rotates and at the same time moves around the Earth
2.1 he movements of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun
he earth rotates on its axis from west to east
Earth rotates and at the same time moves around the sun
he changes he Moon and in length and position the Earth move of the shadow round the Sun at throughout the day the same time
nightnight-time
daytime
the Sun the Earth
It is day time for the part of the Earth facing the Sun.
It is night time for the part of the Earth facing away from the Sun.
2.2 he occurrence of day and night axis Day and night occur due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis.
west
east
2.3 Phases Of he Moon
Describe the phases of the moon he Moon Does Not Emit Light
he Moon appear bright when it reflect sunlight
1-New moon, 3- New half moon, 5- Full moon 7- Old half moon
INVES IGA ING ECHNOLOGY
1.1 he shapes of objects in a structure
he shape of objects Identify shape in structure
Cylinder Sphere
Cube
Cuboid
Cylinder
Sphere
Pyramid
Cone
Strength and Stability
Shapes of objects that are stable
Cube, cone, cylinder
The factors that affect stability of objects
1.2 he strength and stability of a structure
Height , base area
How base area affects stability
Bigger base area more stable Smaller base area less stable
How height affects stability
Design a model that is strong and stable Suggested design strong and stable Bridge one with manila card one with wood Lower object more stable Higher object less stable
The factors that affect the strength of a structure
ypes of materials used Steel ,Iron, Wood
