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    Lesson 01 Week 01 Percent Composition and Emperical Formulas

    Uploaded by

    Sir Josh
    Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1) Calculate the moles of each element: C: 20.32 g C / 12.01 g/mol = 1.69 mol C H: 5.12 g H / 1.01 g/mol = 5.07 mol H N: 7.9 g N / 14.01 g/mol = 0.56 mol N 2) Divide each mole amount by the smallest mole amount (N): C: 1.69 mol C / 0.56 mol N = 3 H: 5.07 mol H / 0.56 mol N = 9 N: 0.56 mol N / 0.56 mol N = 1

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lesson 01 Week 01 Percent Composition and Emperical Formulas

    Uploaded by

    Sir Josh
    38 views27 pages
    Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1) Calculate the moles of each element: C: 20.32 g C / 12.01 g/mol = 1.69 mol C H: 5.12 g H / 1.01 g/mol = 5.07 mol H N: 7.9 g N / 14.01 g/mol = 0.56 mol N 2) Divide each mole amount by the smallest mole amount (N): C: 1.69 mol C / 0.56 mol N = 3 H: 5.07 mol H / 0.56 mol N = 9 N: 0.56 mol N / 0.56 mol N = 1

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    Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1) Calculate the moles of each element: C: 20.32 g C / 12.01 g/mol = 1.69 mol C H: 5.12 g H / 1.01 g/mol = 5.07 mol H N: 7.9 g N / 14.01 g/mol = 0.56 mol N 2) Divide each mole amount by the smallest mole amount (N): C: 1.69 mol C / 0.56 mol N = 3 H: 5.07 mol H / 0.56 mol N = 9 N: 0.56 mol N / 0.56 mol N = 1

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    38 views27 pages

    Lesson 01 Week 01 Percent Composition and Emperical Formulas

    Uploaded by

    Sir Josh
    Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1) Calculate the moles of each element: C: 20.32 g C / 12.01 g/mol = 1.69 mol C H: 5.12 g H / 1.01 g/mol = 5.07 mol H N: 7.9 g N / 14.01 g/mol = 0.56 mol N 2) Divide each mole amount by the smallest mole amount (N): C: 1.69 mol C / 0.56 mol N = 3 H: 5.07 mol H / 0.56 mol N = 9 N: 0.56 mol N / 0.56 mol N = 1

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.

    SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    Department of Education
    National Capital Region
    Division of Taguig City and Pateros
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
    317 Manuel L. Quezon St. Lower Bicutan, Taguig City

    General Chemistry 1
    Grade Level : Grade 11/12
    Semester : 2nd Semester
    School Year : 2021 – 2022
    Instructor : Mr. Joshua Bong A. Bual
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    Let’s Get Started!


    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    Department of Education
    National Capital Region
    Division of Taguig City and Pateros
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
    317 Manuel L. Quezon St. Lower Bicutan, Taguig City

    Lesson 01: Week 01

    Percent Composition and Empirical Formula


     Percent composition is calculated from a molecular formula by dividing the mass of a single element in one mole
    of a compound by the mass of one mole of the entire compound. This value is presented as a percentage.
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    Lesson Objectives:

     Defining Empirical Formula, Percent Composition of a compound (Stoichiometry)


     Solve and calculate molecular formula given molar mass.
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    Department of Education
    National Capital Region
    Division of Taguig City and Pateros
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
    317 Manuel L. Quezon St. Lower Bicutan, Taguig City

    Lesson 1.0

    Identifying Percent Composition


     Percent composition is calculated from a molecular formula by dividing the mass of a single element in one mole
    of a compound by the mass of one mole of the entire compound. This value is presented as a percentage.
    Percent Composition

     Chemists often need to know what elements are present


    in a compound and in what percentage. The percent
    composition is the percent by mass of each element in
    a compound.
    Percent Composition

     The elemental makeup of a compound defines its chemical


    identity, and chemical formulas are the most succinct way of
    representing this elemental makeup.

     When a compound’s formula is unknown, measuring the mass


    of each of its constituent elements is often the first step in the
    process of determining the formula experimentally.
    Percent Composition
     The results of these measurements permit the calculation of the compound’s percent composition, defined as the
    percentage by mass of each element in the compound.

     For example, consider a gaseous compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen. The percent composition
    of this compound could be represented as follows:
    Example:

     If analysis of a 10.0-g sample of this gas showed it to contain 2.5 g H and 7.5 g C, the percent composition
    would be calculated to be 25% H and 75% C:
    Practice Exercise 01

     Analysis of a 12.04-g sample of a liquid compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen showed it to
    contain 7.34 g C, 1.85 g H, and 2.85 g N. What is the percent composition of this compound?

     Solution:
    Check your Learning:

     A 24.81-g sample of a gaseous compound containing only carbon, oxygen, and chlorine is determined to contain
    3.01 g C, 4.00 g O, and 17.81 g Cl. What is this compound’s percent composition?
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    Department of Education
    National Capital Region
    Division of Taguig City and Pateros
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
    317 Manuel L. Quezon St. Lower Bicutan, Taguig City

    Lesson 1.1

    Determining Percent Composition from Formula Mass


     Percent composition is also useful for evaluating the relative abundance of a given element in different compounds
    of known formulas.
    Question
    How can we determine the percent composition from Formula Mass?
    Question
    How can we determine the percent composition from Formula
    Mass?

     As one example, consider the common nitrogen-containing fertilizers ammonia


    (NH3), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and urea (CH4N2O).

     The element nitrogen is the active ingredient for agricultural purposes, so the
    mass percentage of nitrogen in the compound is a practical and economic
    concern for consumers choosing among these fertilizers.

     For these sorts of applications, the percent composition of a compound is easily


    derived from its formula mass and the atomic masses of its constituent elements
    Question
    How can we determine the percent composition from Formula
    Mass?

     A molecule of NH3 contains one N atom weighing 14.01 amu and three H
    atoms weighing a total of (3 × 1.008 amu) = 3.024 amu.

     The formula mass of ammonia is therefore (14.01 amu + 3.024 amu) = 17.03
    amu, and its percent composition is:
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    Department of Education
    National Capital Region
    Division of Taguig City and Pateros
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
    317 Manuel L. Quezon St. Lower Bicutan, Taguig City

    Lesson 1.2
    Determining Percent Composition from a
    Molecular Formula

     Percent composition is also useful for evaluating the relative abundance of a given element in different compounds
    of known formulas.
    Example: 02 Aspirin is a compound with the molecular formula C9H8O4.
    What is its percent composition?

     To calculate the percent composition, we need to know the masses of C, H, and O in a known mass of C9H8O4. It is convenient to consider
    1 mol of C9H8O4 and use its molar mass (180.159 g/mole, determined from the chemical formula) to calculate the percentages of each of
    its elements:
    Check Your To three significant digits, what is the mass percentage of iron
    Progress in the compound Fe2O3?
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    Department of Education
    National Capital Region
    Division of Taguig City and Pateros
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
    317 Manuel L. Quezon St. Lower Bicutan, Taguig City

    Lesson 1.2

    Determination of Empirical Formulas


     a chemical formula showing the simplest ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms in
    the molecule CH2O is the empirical formula for glucose.
    Example: 03

     A compound is composed of 52.14 % Carbon, 13.13 % Hydrogen, and 34,73 % Oxygen by mass.

    a. What is the empirical formula


    b. If the molar mass of the compound is 138.204 g/mol, what is the molecular formula?
    Example: 03

     A compound is composed of 52.14 % Carbon, 13.13 % Hydrogen, and 34,73 % Oxygen by mass. Part A
    a. What is the empirical formula
    b. If the molar mass of the compound is 138.204 g/mol, what is the molecular formula?
    Example: 03

     A compound is composed of 52.14 % Carbon, 13.13 % Hydrogen, and 34,73 % Oxygen by mass. Part B
    a. What is the empirical formula
    b. If the molar mass of the compound is 138.204 g/mol, what is the molecular formula?
    Check Your Progress

     A compound consists of 20.32 g Carbon, 5.12 g of Hydrogen, and 7.9 g of Nitrogen.

    a.) What is the Empirical Formula?


    b.) What is the Molecular Formula if the molar mass of the compound is 236.448 g/mol?
    Solution:

     A compound consists of 20.32 g Carbon, 5.12 g of Hydrogen, and 7.9 g of Nitrogen. Part A
    a.) What is the Empirical Formula?
    b.) What is the Molecular Formula if the molar mass of the compound is 236.448 g/mol?
    Solution:

     A compound consists of 20.32 g Carbon, 5.12 g of Hydrogen, and 7.9 g of Nitrogen. Part B
    a.) What is the Empirical Formula?
    b.) What is the Molecular Formula if the molar mass of the compound is 236.448 g/mol?
    Monlimar Development Academy, Inc. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

    End of Lesson
    Lesson 01 and 02:

    Percent Composition

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