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Classification of Lathe

(1) Lathes are classified according to their configuration, purpose, size/capacity, degree of automation, type of automation, configuration of jobs handled, and number of spindles. (2) Common types of lathes include bench lathes, engine lathes, tool room lathes, automatic lathes, and special purpose lathes designed for specific operations. (3) Special purpose lathes include precision lathes, production lathes, facing lathes, duplicating lathes, screw cutting lathes, vertical lathes, and crankshaft lathes.

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306 views15 pages

Classification of Lathe

(1) Lathes are classified according to their configuration, purpose, size/capacity, degree of automation, type of automation, configuration of jobs handled, and number of spindles. (2) Common types of lathes include bench lathes, engine lathes, tool room lathes, automatic lathes, and special purpose lathes designed for specific operations. (3) Special purpose lathes include precision lathes, production lathes, facing lathes, duplicating lathes, screw cutting lathes, vertical lathes, and crankshaft lathes.

Uploaded by

Damián G.S.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MANUFACTURE

Classification of lathes

Types of lathes
Classification of lathes
Lathes are very versatile of wide use and are classified
according to several aspects:

(a) According to configuration

• Horizontal

- Most common for ergonomic conveniences

• Vertical

- Occupies less floor space, only some large lathes are of this
type.
(b) According to purpose of use

• General purpose
- Very versatile where almost all possible types of operations are
carried out on wide ranges of size, shape and materials of jobs;
example : centre lathes

• Single purpose
Only one (occasionally two) type of operation is done on
limited ranges of size and material of jobs;
example – facing lathe, roll turning lathe etc.
• Special purpose
Where a definite number and type of operations are done repeatedly
over long time on a specific type of blank; example: gear blank
machining lathe etc.
(C)According to size or capacity

• Small (low duty)


- In such light duty lathes (upto 1.1 kW), only small and
medium size jobs of generally soft and easily machinable
materials are machined

• Medium (medium duty)


- These lathes of power nearly upto 11 kW are most versatile
and commonly used

• Large (heavy duty)

• Mini or micro lathe


- These are tiny table-top lathes used for extremely small size
jobs and precision work; example : swiss type automatic lathe
(D)According to degree of automation

• Non-automatic
- Almost all the handling operations are done manually;
example: centre lathes

• Semi-automatic
- Nearly half of the handling operations, irrespective of the
processing operations, are done automatically and rest
manually; example : capstan lathe, turret lathe, copying lathe
relieving lathe etc.

• Automatic
- Almost all the handling operations (and obviously all the
processing operations) are done automatically; example – single
spindle automat (automatic lathe), swiss type automatic lathe,
etc.
(E)According to type of automation

• Fixed automation
- Conventional; example – single spindle automat, swiss type
automatic lathe etc.

• Flexible automation
- Modern; example CNC lathe, turning centre etc.
(f) According to configuration of the jobs being
handled

• Bar type
- Slender rod like jobs being held in collets

• Chucking type
- Disc type jobs being held in chucks

• Housing type
Odd shape jobs, being held in face plate
(g)According to precision

• Ordinary

• Precision (lathes)
- These sophisticated lathes meant for high accuracy and finish
and are relatively more expensive.

(h) According to number of spindles

• Single spindle
- Common

• Multispindle (2, 4, 6 or 8 spindles)


- Such uncommon lathes are suitably used for fast and mass
production of small size and simple shaped jobs.
Types of lathes

Bench Lathe

 a lathe mounted on a workbench


Engine Lathe

a screw-cutting lathe equipped with a back-geared cone-


driven headstock or with a headstock of the geared-head
type
Tool room Lathe

an engine lathe designed for extremely accurate


machining
Automatic Lathe

Is a lathe whose actions are controlled automatically.


No participation of the operator is required during the
operation.
Special purpose lathe

Are designed to suit a definite class of work and to


perform certain specified operations only.
types of Special Purpose Lathes

 Precision Lathe  Production Lathe


 Facing Lathe  Duplicating Lathe
 Frontal Lathe  Screw Cutting Lathe (automatic)
 Vertical Lathe
 Crankshaft Lathe

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