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Statistics

The CV of 18% indicates that the variability of the data is relatively small compared to the mean.

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Lea Grace Guleng
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78 views24 pages

Statistics

The CV of 18% indicates that the variability of the data is relatively small compared to the mean.

Uploaded by

Lea Grace Guleng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DISPERSION

STATISTICS
MEASURES OF
VARIABILITY
Measures of Variability

-refer to the spread of the


values or scores about the
mean
UNGROUPED
DATA
1. Range
-the simplest measure of variability
-the difference between the largest value and
the smallest value
R= H – L
Where R=range
H=highest value
L= lowest value
1. Range
Example: What is the range of the test scores
10, 8, 9, 7, 5, and 3?

R= H – L
R= 10 – 3

R=7
2. Standard Deviation
-differentiates sets of scores with equal
averages
SD= where
SD is the standard deviation
x is the individual score
x is the mean
N is the number of scores
2. Standard Deviation
Example: Compare the SD of the scores of
the 3 students in their Math quizzes.

STUDENT SCORES
A 97, 92, 96, 95, 90
B 94, 94, 92, 94, 96
C 95, 94, 93, 96, 92
2. Standard Deviation
Solution: Compute for the mean.
Student A
x= = = 94

x x-x
97 3 9
92 -2 4 SD=
96 2 4
95 1 1 = 2.6
90 -4 16
∑= 34
2. Standard Deviation
Solution: Compute for the mean.
Student B
x= = = 94
x x-x
94 0 1
94 0 0 SD=
92 -2 4
94 0 0 = 1.3
96 2 4
∑= 8
2. Standard Deviation
Solution: Compute for the mean.
Student C
x= = = 94
x x-x
95 1 1
94 0 0 SD=
93 -1 1
96 2 4 = 1.4
92 -2 4
∑= 10
2. Standard Deviation
* When groups are
compared, the group
having the smallest SD is
the least varied.
GROUPED DATA
1. Range
-the difference between the upper class
boundary of the top interval and the lower class
boundary of the bottom interval

Range= upper class boundary of the highest


interval – lower class boundary of the lowest
interval
1. Range
Example:
Scores in the Second Periodical Test of 1- Faith
in Mathematics 1
SCORES FREQUENCY
46-50 1
41-45 10
36-40 10
31-35 16
26-30 9
21-25 4
1. Range
Solution:
Upper class limit of the highest interval=50
Upper class boundary of the highest
interval=50 + 0.5=50.5
Lower class limit of the lowest interval=21
Lower class boundary of the lowest interval=
21 – 0.5= 20.5
1. Range
Substitution:
Range= upper class boundary of the highest
interval – lower class boundary of the lowest
interval
Range= 50.5 – 20.5
= 30
2. Variance ()
 The mean of the square of the deviations
from the mean of a frequency distribution
=
Where:
f=class frequency x =class mean
X=class mark ∑f=total number of
frequency
2. Variance ()
Example: Find the variance of the given data
set.
SCORES Frequency (f) Class Mark fX (X- x) f
(X)
46-50 1 48 48 13.4 179.56 179.56
41-45 10 43 430 8.4 70.56 705.6
36-40 10 38 380 3.4 11.56 115.6
31-35 16 33 528 -1.6 2.56 40.96
26-30 9 28 252 -6.6 43.56 392.04
21-25 4 23 92 -11.6 134.56 538.24
i=5 ∑f=50 ∑fX=1,730 ∑f=1,972
2. Variance ()
Mean (x) = = = 34. 60

= = =

= 40.2448 ≈ 40.24
3. Standard Deviation (SD)
 The best indicator of the degree of
dispersion among the measures of
variability because it represents an average
variability of the distribution

SD =
*The smaller the range, the smaller the
SD, the less spread is the distribution.
3. Standard Deviation (SD)
Example: Considering the Example in
Variance, let us find the SD.

SD =
= = 6. 34
4. Coefficient of Variation (CV)
 a statistical measure of dispersion of
data points in a data series around the
mean
 represents the ratio of the standard
deviation to the mean
CV= where  is the
standard deviation and is the mean
4. Coefficient of Variation (CV)
Considering the computed SD and
mean.
=6.34 μ= 34.60
Example: CV= = 6.34/34.60
= 0.18

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