RECOGNIZING
AND USING
PARALLELISM
PARALLELISM
PARALLELISM
• It is also known as parallel
structures which can add fluidity
and power to writing. This
involves presenting thoughts in
an orderly manner so that the
reader can easily follow the
thoughts of the statement.
PARALLELISM IN SINGLE WORDS:
NOUNS ADJECTIVES
VERBS ADVERBS
GERUND
Which is not parallel? Which is parallel?
• Mr. Evan is a lawyer(NOUN), a
politician(NOUN) and he
teaches(VERB). (Not Parallel)
• Mr. Evan is a lawyer , a politician and a
teacher . (Parallel)
NOUNS
• Not Parallel: Mr. Evan is a lawyer
(noun), a politician (noun) and he
teaches (clause).
• Parallel: Mr. Evan is a lawyer (noun), a
politician (noun) and a teacher (noun).
NOUNS
What are the paralleled nouns in the
statements?
• Father eats fish and chicken.
• Sarah writes poetry and stories.
NOUNS
What are the paralleled nouns in the
statements?
• Father eats fish and chicken.
• Sarah writes poetry and stories.
Which is not parallel? Which is parallel?
Eric joined(PAST) the office , worked(PAST) hard
, and got(PAST) a pay raise. (PARALLEL)
Eric joined(SIMPLE PAST) the office,
worked(SIMPLE PAST) hard, and is
getting(PRESENT CONTINUOUS) a pay raise.
(NOT PARALLEL)
VERBS
Parallel: Eric joined the office (past), worked hard
(past), and got a pay raise (past).
Not Parallel: Eric joined the office (past), worked
hard (past), and is getting a pay raise (present
cont.)
VERBS
What are the paralleled verbs in the
statements?
• Our neighbors have moved and have sold
their house.
• My brother is walking, is strolling or is riding
his bike to work.
VERBS
What are the paralleled verbs in the statements?
• Our neighbors have moved and have sold
their house.
• My brother walks or rides her bike to work.
Which is not parallel? Which is parallel?
• This book contains poems which are
romantic , soothing , and can be enjoyed.
• This book contains poems which are
romantic , soothing , and enjoyable.
ADJECTIVES
• Not Parallel: This book contains poems
which are romantic (adjective), soothing
(adjective), and can be enjoyed(verb
phrase)
• Parallel: This book contains poems
which are romantic (adjective), soothing
(adjective), and enjoyable (adjective).
ADJECTIVES
What are the paralleled adjectives in the
statements?
• The class is not only kind but also
helping peopl.
• Brenda is not only pretty but also
intelligent.
ADJECTIVES
What are the paralleled adjectives in the
statements?
• The class is not only kind but also
helpful.
• Brenda is not only pretty but also
intelligent.
Which is not parallel? Which is parallel?
• The soldiers approached the enemy camp
slowly and silently. PARALLEL
• The soldiers approached the enemy camp
slow and silent NOT PARALLEL
ADVERBS
• Parallel: The soldiers approached the
enemy camp slowly (adverb) and silently
(adverb)
• Not Parallel: The soldiers approached the
enemy camp slowly (adverb) and silent
(adjective).
ADVERBS
What are the paralleled adverbs in the
statements?
• Abraham drives his car quickly and
aggressively.
• They hired carpenters who work carefully and
effectively.
• The students can answer the questions
effectively, thoroughly and accurately.
ADVERBS
What are the paralleled adverbs in the
statements?
• Abraham drives his car quickly and
aggressively.
• They hired carpenters who work carefully and
effectively.
• The students can answer the questions
effectively, thoroughly and accurately.
Which is not parallel? Which is parallel?
She likes reading, playing board games , and
to sing.
She likes reading, playing board games, and
singing.
GERUND
Not Parallel: She likes reading(-ing verb),
playing board games (-ing verb), and to
sing(infinitives).
Parallel: She likes reading(-ing verb), playing
board games(-ing verb), and singing(-ing
verb).
GERUND
• Dora likes swimming, dancing, and
boxing.
• Eun Woo likes playing basketball and
watching television.
PARALLELISM IN PHRASES:
NOUN PHRASE ADJECTIVE PHRASE
VERB PHRASE ADVERBIAL PHRASE
GERUND PHRASE INFINITIVE PHRASE
NOUN PHRASE
• A restful sleep is as
important as regular exercise.
• Fresh fruits are as nutritious
as green, leafy vegetables.
VERB PHRASE
• As soon as I arrived home, I
took my bicycle and went for
a ride.
• Before Jose takes a bath, he
usually cleans his ears and
massages his face.
ADVERBIAL PHRASE
• They will undoubtedly be
done in less than an hour and
in time for the deadline.
• The group meets at night and
on weekends.
GERUND PHRASE
• Dave enjoys playing
basketball and playing piano.
• The girls loved reading
books and watching movies.
INFINITIVE PHRASE
• Manny likes to swim at night
and to jog in the morning.
• The children worked hard to
fulfill their dreams and to
help their parents.
Answer page 19 letter A
and B
“Miss, what page?”
Me: page 19 letter A and B
“Miss, copy and answer?”
Me: answer only
“Miss, saan po isusulat?”
Me: You can answer it on the
book if you don’t have, write it
in your notebook
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
Don't hesitate to ask any questions!
