Modals
Modals
MODALS
AUXILIARIES (HELPING VERB) THAT EXPRESS THE MODE OR MANNER OF THE
ACTION DENOTED BY THE MAIN VERB ARE CALLED MODALS. THEY EXPRESS IDEAS
LIKE ABILITY OR CAPACITY, PROBABILITY OR POSSIBILITY, PERMISSION,
COMMAND, COMPULSION, DUTY, OBLIGATION ETC. THEY ARE WILL, SHALL, CAN,
MAY, WOULD, SHOULD, COULD, MIGHT, MUST, OUGHT (TO), NEED (TO), DARE. THEY
FORM THEIR NEGATIVES BY PUTTING NOT AFTER THEM AND INTERROGATIVES BY
PUTTING THEM BEFORE THE SUBJECT.
FEATURES OF MODALS
⁃ MODALS ARE ALWAYS USED WITH A MAIN VERB, NOT ALONE.
⁃ THEY NEVER CHANGE THEIR FORM.
⁃ THEY ARE ALWAYS FOLLOWED BY ONLY THE BASE FORM OF THE VERB.
MODAL USAGE EXAMPLE
Could 1. To express past tense of can. She could draw when she was five years old.
2. To express ability, power, possibility in past. If he had money, he could purchase a house.
MODAL USAGE EXAMPLE
Might 1. To express purpose in the past. He worked hard so that he might pass.
2. To express a doubtful or remote possibility. He has not told me but he might come.
3. To express a speculation. He might have gone to Delhi.
Ought (to) 1. To express moral duty or social obligation. We ought to respect the old people.
Used to 1. To express the habits of past. When I was in Shimla, I used to go for a walk in the
evening.
3. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVE FOR UNDERLINE PART WOULD YOU LIKE TO HAVE SOME
WATER?
(I) DO
(J) SHALL
(K)CAN
(L) NO IMPROVEMENT
2. IT ________ NOT SURPRISE YOU IF YOU WERE EYED COLDLY BY THE CONDUCTOR.
(E) MAY
(F) SHALL
(G)WILL
(H)WOULD
4. IF YOU READ NEWSPAPERS, YOU ________ NOTICE THAT THERE IS DEFINITE SPACE FOR LETTERS. (A) WOULD
(B) COULD
(C) WILL
(D) MIGHT