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Induction Type Relay

Induction type relays operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction. They produce torque from two phase-displaced magnetic fluxes in the relay coil. This torque is proportional to the product of the flux magnitudes and their phase difference. Induction relays are widely used for overcurrent, overvoltage, and undervoltage protection of electric equipment. Common types include shaded-pole relays, watt-hour meter relays, and induction cup relays.

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Anshuman Behera
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442 views17 pages

Induction Type Relay

Induction type relays operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction. They produce torque from two phase-displaced magnetic fluxes in the relay coil. This torque is proportional to the product of the flux magnitudes and their phase difference. Induction relays are widely used for overcurrent, overvoltage, and undervoltage protection of electric equipment. Common types include shaded-pole relays, watt-hour meter relays, and induction cup relays.

Uploaded by

Anshuman Behera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDUCTION TYPE RELAY

INDUCTION TYPE RELAYS


Induction type relays are most widely used

Used for only a.c quantities

Works on the principle of electromagnetic induction and it


resembles a split-phase induction motor or an energy meter

A torque is produced by two phase displaced fluxes which is


proportional to the product of their magnitude and phase
displacement between them

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


2
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Torque Equation for Induction Type Relays

The alternating currents supplied to two


electromagnets produce the two alternating
fluxes and
These two fluxes have the same frequency but
they have a phase difference of  in between
them such that   leads 
 =  ……………………(1)

  =  ………………..(2)

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


3
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Torque Equation for Induction Type Relays…

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


4
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Torque Equation for Induction Type Relays…

These alternating fluxes cause the induced


e.m.f.s in the rotor.
Due to the induced e.m.f.s, the eddy currents
 and  are circulated in the disc.
 The induced e.m.f.s lag behind the respective
fluxes by 90⁰. 
The reacts with to produce force and reacts
with to produce force .          
Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA
5
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Phasor diagram of Induction Type Relay

∅2

∝
∅1

𝑖1 𝑖2

𝑒1 𝑒2

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


6
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Torque Equation for Induction Type Relays…

Assumption: The parts of the rotor/disc in


which rotor/disc currents flow have negligible
self-inductance and hence the rotor currents
are in phase with the respective induced
voltages

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


7
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Torque Equation for Induction Type Relays…

……………………………………………………….(5)

……………………………………………………….(6)

Resultant Force(F) (-

(-)

([cos ωt sin(ωt+∝) – sinωt cos(ωt+∝)]

F sin ∝

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


8
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Torque Equation for Induction Type Relays…

Conclusions-
 Resultant Force(F) is independent of frequency and
time.

 F and hence Torque is constant at all times as F is


proportional to constant.(∝ sin ∝)

 The direction of force is from leading flux to lagging


flux. leads by ∝⇒Force(F) (- ]

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


9
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Applications of Induction Relays
 These relays are used for over current, over voltage
and under voltage, under-voltage protection of various
equipment.

 These relays are used for differential relay.

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


10
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Types of Induction Relays
1) Shaded Pole Type

 In this, the main flux is split into two fluxes displaced in time
and space with the help of a shading ring.

 A shading ring or coil is made of copper (Cu) and encircles the


part of the pole face of each pole at air-gap. Thus, two
alternating fluxes are produced and are displaced in time and
space.

 The air-gap flux of the shaded poles lags behind that of the
non-shaded poles.

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


11
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Types of Induction Relays

 Torque is produced by the interaction of one flux with the eddy


current produced by another flux. This resultant torque rotates
the disc, which in turn operates the relay contact mounted on
it. (F∝

 A permanent magnet is provided to produce damping torque


in the disc.
Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA
12
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Types of Induction Relays
2) Watt-Hour Meter Induction Type Relay

 In watt-hour meter type relay upper


electromagnet is E shaped and the lower
electromagnets are U shaped.

 The upper electromagnets consist of two


windings one is primary winding and the
second is secondary winding on the central
limb.

 The lower electromagnet consists only of


secondary winding on both limbs.

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


13
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Types of Induction Relays
2) Watt-Hour Meter Induction Type Relay….
When the fault occurs on the circuit, current ( flows through the primary
winding of the relay and due to this current  (flux  (is produced.

The e.m.f get induced in the secondary winding due to flux  ( and current
( flows through the secondary winding. 

Due to this current  ( , flux  ( is produced in the lower magnet of the relay. The
flux produced in lower magnets lags behind the flux produced in the upper
magnet by phase angle θ.

Due to the interaction of two fluxes, torque is exerted on the aluminium disc
and the aluminium disc rotates.

The torque produced in the aluminium disc is proportional to  Φ1 Φ2 sinθ.

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


14
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Types of Induction Relays
3) Induction Cup Relay

 The induction cup relay consists of


the following parts,
Stationary iron core (stator),
Hollow cylindrical cup (rotor),
Electromagnet, and Coils.

 Electromagnets create a magnetic


field. It consists of two pairs of coils,
when these coils are energized, flux
is produced in the coils. These
fluxes will have the same frequency
but are displaced by an angle α
from each other.

 
Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA
15
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
Types of Induction Relays

3) Induction Cup Relay…


These coils will then energize the iron core thus
producing a rotating flux in the air gap.

Due to these fluxes, eddy currents are made to circulate


in the rotor. Thus it will give rise to a force that acts on
the rotor. So, the hollow cup rotates.

This makes the fixed contacts of the trip circuit close and
sends a trip signal to the breaker to open the circuit. 
Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA
16
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE
THANK YOU

Dept. of EE, VSSUT, BURLA


17
by- Bineeta Soreng,Asst. Prof,Dept. of EE

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