GENERAL BIOLOGY
Prof. Aida L. Mamorno BSMT,M.S. BIOLOGY,LPT
School of Science and Technology
Biological Sciences Department
UNIT 1
INTRODUCTION TO LIFE ON EARTH
1. CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS
2. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION OF LIFE
3. THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
LAB: THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
UNIT 1- INTRODUCTION TO LIFE ON EARTH
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS
1. MOVEMENT 5. REPRODUCTION
2. RESPIRATION (Cells) 6. NUTRITION (Metabolism)
3. SENSITIVITY (Respond) 7. EXCRETION
4. GROWTH MRS GREN
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
UNIT 1- INTRODUCTION TO LIFE ON EARTH
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
1. MOLECULAR LEVEL 5. ORGAN SYSTEM LEVEL
2. CELLULAR LEVEL 6. POPULATION LEVEL
3. TISSUE LEVEL 7. COMMUNITY LEVEL
4. ORGAN LEVEL 8. ECOSYSTEM LEVEL 9. BIOSPHERE LEVEL
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
UNIT 1- INTRODUCTION TO LIFE ON EARTH
THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1. NATURAL
2. SOCIAL
3. APPLIED
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
UNIT 1- INTRODUCTION TO LIFE ON EARTH
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS USING
THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
Key: MRS GREN
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
UNIT 1- INTRODUCTION TO LIFE ON EARTH
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS
1. MOVEMENT 5. REPRODUCTION
2. RESPIRATION (Cells) 6. NUTRITION (Metabolism)
3. SENSITIVITY (Respond) 7. EXCRETION
4. GROWTH
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS, USING THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
MOVEMENT All living things move in some way. This may be
obvious, such as animalsImage
that are
or icon
able to walk, or
less obvious, such as plants that have parts that
move to track the movement of the sun.
Earthworms use circular and
Image or icon longitudinal muscles
Image or iconto move through
soil or along surfaces.
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS, USING THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
Respiration is a chemical reaction that
happens within cells to release energy
Respiration from food.
(Cells) Image or icon
The food that earthworms eat supplies their
body with energy-rich molecules such as glucose
. On entering the cells of their body, these
molecules are broken down in a series of steps
Image or icon to release energy toorbe
Image iconused by the body,
producing carbon dioxide and water as waste
products.
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS, USING THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
SENSITIVITY The ability to detect changes
(Respond) in the surrounding environment.
Image or icon
Earthworms have light-sensitive cells
scattered in their outer skin. Their skin
cells
Image are also sensitive to touch and Image or icon
or icon
chemicals.
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS, USING THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
GROWTH
All living things grow.
Image or icon
Earthworms hatch from eggs and can
grow up to a metre or more in length!
Some earthworms are also able to re-
grow small parts of their body that have
Image or icon Image or icon
been lost or injured.
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS, USING THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
REPRODUCTION The ability to reproduce and pass
genetic information onto
Image or icon
their offspring.
Earthworms have both sperm and eggs
within their bodies (they are
hermaphrodites) but they cannot self-
Image or icon
fertilise and Image
needor icon
to mate with another
individual. After mating, a cocoon
containing the fertilised eggs is deposited
in the soil.
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS, USING THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
The intake and use of nutrients. This
NUTRITION
occurs in very different ways in different
(Metabolism) kinds of living things.
Image or icon
Earthworm nutrition comes from a
variety of sources, depending on their
species. Food types include manure,
Image or icon
compost,Image
plant material, fungi,
or icon
microorganisms and decaying animals.
They take in food through their mouths.
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS, USING THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
EXCRETION Getting rid of waste.
Image or icon
Earthworms excrete waste from their
anus – the last segment of their body.
Image or icon Image or icon
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS, USING THE EARTHWORM AS AN EXAMPLE
THE END
Image or icon
http://waihiscience.weebly.com/7-characteristics-of-living-thi
Image or icon ngs.html Image or icon
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/science-educatio
n-about-internal-structure-reproduction-1389132518
http://www.clipartquery.com/inch-worm-clipart-black-and-white/
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2018
INTRODUCTION TO LIFE ON EARTH
THANK YOU!
GENERAL BIOLOGY
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BIOLOGY PROFESSORS.
CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY 2019
