Project Management

Objective
Analysis
 Objective Tree
 Alternative Analysis

May Grace T. Duremdes

Lalaine D. Hosillos
Edna Claire P. Davies
Sheena Mae L. Amable
Joilyn B. Palencia
Program/Project Development and Management 1
February 2023
Objective Analysis
An Introduction
 Objective Analysis Definition

• It describes a future situation that would exist if all

the problems were solved. The instrument of
objectives analysis calls for conversion of negatively
stated problems into positive statements or
objectives.
• Develop objectives from identified problems.

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 Analysis of objectives involves reformulation of
problems into objectives. Objectives should be:
 Realistic – achievable within given financial and
physical resources, and the time-frame envisaged.
 Specific – so that any progress towards objective can
be attributed to the project and not to some other
cause.
 Measurable – at acceptable cost and acceptable
effort, so project's performance can be measured.
Objective
Analysis
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 With an analysis of objectives, we achieve:

 The future situation is visualized around the resolution

of the problems previously detected;
 The relationship of the problem with the means and

ends is understood at a glance;

 The objectives to be considered are weighted according

to their order of importance or sequence in their

resolution; and

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 Objectives in Project Management

Project Management Objectives/Project Goals/Project

Objective Statements - are the tangible and specific
outcomes that project managers plan to achieve. Aside from
outlining the project's concrete deliverables, a project
management objective identifies the tasks necessary to
accomplish the overarching project goals.

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Objective Analysis
1. Financial Objectives
2. Quality Objectives
3. Performance Objectives
4. Technical Objectives
5. Business Objectives
6. Compliance Objectives

Different Types of Project Objectives

Objective Analysis
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Different Types of Project Objectives
1
Financial Objectives
 These goals directly affect a company's finances,
which is why they're usually measured monetarily. It
ensure that a project stays within budget and/or
makes money.

Example: "Our goal is to increase the sales of our

premier product by 15% by the end of 2nd Quarter by
developing an engaging marketing plan that highlights
the product's value." 8
Objective Analysis
Different Types of Project Objectives
2
Quality Objectives
 Establishing standards for quality, such as increasing
customer satisfaction or reducing defects.
Example: "Our goal is to develop a new website that's functional,
visually appealing and user friendly. To meet this end, we plan to
build a demo and undergo site testing to ensure the new website
meets WCAG 2.1 AA standards and is ready to launch by July 2021."

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Objective Analysis
Different Types of Project Objectives
3
Performance Objectives
 A project's performance objectives can relate to a goal for
improving processes, services or products, or they can
provide details about how the project might operate. For
example, it can identify the number of resources that
project managers plan to use, project deadline or budget
cap.
Example: "We plan to streamline our paperwork processes and reduce
the information needed from prospective clients. Our goal is to
increase the conversion of qualified leads by 10% by the end of 1st
quarter." 10
Objective Analysis
Different Types of Project Objectives
4
Technical Objectives
 It usually involve any necessary technological efforts or
activities to reach the project's primary goal.
Example: "By the end of 2nd Quarter, we plan to improve user
experience on our site by reducing the number of clicks needed to
reach our webpage with the highest traffic: the product page.
Regardless of where the user is on the site, they can reach the product
page within two clicks or fewer."

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Objective Analysis
Different Types of Project Objectives
5
Business Objectives
 In most cases, the business objectives are the primary
motivation for the entire project. These goals ensure that
the project aligns with the organization's overall objective,
including opening a new branch or launching a product.
Example: "Our objective is to implement a new web-based support
ticketing system by August 2021. This new system allows us to limit
our ticket response times to an hour or less, which can develop a more
efficient support staff, create a better customer experience, and
increase customer satisfaction."
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Objective Analysis
Different Types of Project Objectives
6
Compliance Objectives
 In many industries, projects have specific compliance
requirements. For example, project managers in the
health care industry might consider patient confidentiality
regulations or occupational safety laws, depending on the
project.
Example: "We plan to encourage the re-establishment of the native
ecosystem at the state park by May 2021 by creating a safe environment for
local plants and wildlife. We plan to use a three-step process: reducing
littering rates, removing non-native growth and strategically planting
native plants." 13
Objective Analysis
A Objective Tree/Objective Analysis Tree
Objective Analysis
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 Objective Analysis Tree Definition

 Also called means-end tree or solution tree, it is a

project planning tool that helps to analyze and
graphically break down objectives into smaller and
more manageable parts.
 Derived from its parent tool the Problem Analysis Tree,
it basically converts the problematic issues of the
Problem Analysis Tree into positive desired results.

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Objective Analysis
 How to make an objective tree step by step

If you are preparing to make objective tree, it is

because you have already analyzed the
problematic situation and you have a problem
tree. From this point we start to make a tree of
objectives or means and ends.

Objective Tree Analysis 18

How to make an objective tree step by step:

From negative to positive: There are already causes

and consequences, let’s write them in positive to
transform causes into means and effects into ends.

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How to make an objective tree step by step:

Check and modify. A good way to accomplish this is

to establish a 1 to 1 relationship from cause to effect
and from effect to end.

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Example of a Problem Tree
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Objective Analysis 26
B Alternative Analysis
Objective Analysis
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 Alternative Analysis Definition

It is the evaluation of the various routes you can pursue

to achieve the goal of a project or a particular project
management objective. It looks beyond the status quo to
compare different ways of getting work done. It helps
teams respond to unpredictability.

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Objective Analysis
When Should Alternative Analysis be used in
Project Management?

Alternative analysis is used whenever a solution

is needed. When decision-makers are in the
decision-making process, they want to know the
best course for moving forward.

Objective Analysis 31

Alternative Analysis
When Should Alternative Analysis be used in
Project Management?

An AOA is typically done at the initiation of a

project but is also used throughout the life cycle
of the project. It’s one way to determine if the
decision-making process is sound.

Objective Analysis 32

Alternative Analysis
Benefits of Using an analysis of alternatives
Analysis of (AOA) will help the project,
Alternatives portfolio and program managers
(AOA) identify, understand and evaluate
Objective Analysis the alternatives open to them
when managing a project. It will
also help them to select the best
course of action as it concerns
project costs and risks.
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1. Make a Plan
2. Organize the Analytic Framework
3. Identify and Define Alternatives
4. Assess the Alternatives
5. Compare the Alternatives
6. Report the Results
 
How to Execute an Alternative Analysis
Objective Analysis
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How to Execute an Alternative Analysis
1
Make a Plan
This means defining the various decisions that you can
make to meet your objective and achieve operational
effectiveness. You’ll want to include stakeholders, but
also define the timing, effort or costs involved. There will
need to be a study team assembled and a study plan to
direct their activities.

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Objective Analysis
How to Execute an Alternative Analysis
2
Organize the Analytic Framework

The next step is to define the analysis problem statement,

the context of the problem, scope and a framework for
alternative comparisons.

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Objective Analysis
How to Execute an Alternative Analysis
3
Identify and Define Alternatives

Now you identify the various alternative routes you can

take from the data sources. These alternatives will
address the problem you stated in your plan within the
context and scope you’ve already defined.

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Objective Analysis
How to Execute an Alternative Analysis
4
Assess the Alternatives

Evaluate the alternatives against your established

criteria, such as cost, risk, life cycle cost-effectiveness,
benefits and likelihood analysis.

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Objective Analysis
How to Execute an Alternative Analysis
5
Compare the Alternatives
Weigh the pros and cons of the various alternatives
you’ve identified. Determine what the merits of each are,
as shown by the analysis you’ve made.

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Objective Analysis
How to Execute an Alternative Analysis
6
Report the Results
Document the results of the AOA to show the life cycle
cost that supports the alternative or status quo you chose,
and how that will support the project decision-makers
and/or stakeholder needs.

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Objective Analysis
 Alternative Analysis Tips

 When managing a project, the alternative analysis should

be part of your decision-making.
 You can’t do an alternative analysis without first devoting
the time and resources needed to look at the alternatives
and determine the risks involved.
 Be sure to always have a baseline in order to have
something to compare your alternatives against. It might
also prove that the status quo is the best approach.
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Objective Analysis
 Alternative Analysis Tips

 It’s also important to understand your stakeholders and

their needs and manage their expectations. This will inform
the scope and execution of your analysis.
 Be open to many perspectives and use the appropriate
methods, tools and data to support the decision-making
process.

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Objective Analysis
 Project Management
Objective
Analysis
Objective Tree
Alternative Analysis

THANK YOU!
Group VI 52