CBT Strategies Foe Personality Disorder

TOPIC: CBT STRATEGIES
FOR PERSONALITY
DISORDER
PRESENTER: EGLA .W. FUGUSA
FACILITATOR: MATILNA
DARE: 2ND JUNE, 2015

INTRODUCTION
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Personality disorders are disorders characterized by

rigid, inflexible patterns of thinking and behaving
that begin as early as childhood or adolescence and
cause continual distress throughout many areas of a
person’s life.
For example, some people with personality disorders
have an excessive need to complete projects in a
lengthy,
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These are types of personality that are common to

many people:
Antisocial, avoidant, borderline, dependent,
histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive,
paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, and personality
disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).1
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Many people struggle with these problems over the

course of their entire lives. They recognize that their
lives are often difficult,
When people with these problems do seek help, it’s
usually for the treatment of some other problem, like
depression or anxiety, while other people look for
help at the urging of their family members and
friends.
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General Characteristics of Personality Disorder
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Characteristics that apply to all personality disorders:

 The traits of a personality disorder often begin as
early as childhood or adolescence, but definitely by
early adulthood.
 The traits affect an individual thoughts, emotions,
behaviors, impulses, and relationships.
 The traits of all personality disorders are inflexible
and difficult to change.
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Characteristics of Personality Disorder cont..….
6
Personality disorders affect many areas of an

individual’s life, such as work, school, family life, and
friendships, and they cause great distress.
The traits and habits of a personality disorder are very
different from the traits and habits that are expected
within the culture.
 If your problems are caused by a medical problem, a
different mental health problem (such
as depression), or by drug or alcohol addiction, a
personality disorder would not be the correct diagnosis.
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THE CAUSES OF PERSONALITY
DISORDERS
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Personality disorders are most likely caused by a

combination of biological, psychological, and social
factors.
The problems associated with individual personality
disorder are very treatable if patient is willing to
dedicate some time and effort to learning new coping
skills.
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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This is a form of treatment that combines elements

of
cognitive and behavior therapies.
The components of the treatment taken from
cognitive therapy will help the patient to examine the
way his/her thoughts affect mental health.
 And the components taken from behavior therapy
will help the patient to investigate the way that
his/her actions influence life and interactions with
others.
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When CBT is used as part of a single treatment for

personality disorders, it examines the way the
patient change both thoughts and behaviors in order
to improve the life.
In general, the CBT skills for treating personality
disorder are the same ones that are used to
successfully treat other problems like depression and
anxiety.
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The skills used to treat personality disorders are based on the

recommendations of Aaron Beck, Arthur Freeman, and their
associates.
According to this esteemed group of clinicians, the CBT
treatment of personality disorders should help the patient you
do the following:
 Get reactivated in life.
 Challenge and correct self-defeating thoughts.
 Develop healthier core beliefs.
 Learn stress-reduction and relaxation techniques.
 Engage in real-life exposure to feared situations.
 Practice assertive communication skills.
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In addition, there are other three skills make the

treatment even more effective. They will help the
patient to do the following:
 Develop problem-solving skills.
 Practice coping imagery.
 Prevent relapse.
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Get Reactivated in Life
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Is the initial steps of the CBT treatment for

personality disorders, it help a patient to get
reactivated.
Many people with personality disorders avoid doing
necessary and interesting activities and often isolate
themselves from the rest of the world. However,
avoidance only deepens the problem.
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Challenge and Correct
Self-Defeating Thoughts
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Perhaps the most important step of the cognitive

behavioral treatment for personality disorders is to
challenge and correct self-defeating thoughts.
 These thoughts are often the cause of many
distressing feelings and unhealthy behaviors.
 At the heart of CBT is the belief that the thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors all interact and influence
each other (and feelings can be either emotional or
physical).
Thoughts, Feelings and Behaviors
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The goal of Challenging and Correct
Self-Defeating
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Thoughts
Helps an individual to identify the ways in which
the thoughts are affecting his/her feelings and
behaviors,
 Help to identify the ways in which the thoughts are
contributing to your personality disorder.
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The goal of Challenging and Correct
Self-Defeating Thoughts Cont…..
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Helps to train the patient how to challenge and change

some of
those thoughts, in order to break free of the habits.
This train specifically by:-
 How to recognize distressing automatic thoughts
 How to record automatic thoughts in a Thought Journal
 How to recognize and challenge unhelpful thinking
styles
 How to challenge automatic thoughts by examining
your past experiences
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Personality disorder are being conceptualized in a
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broader perspective that include character and
temperament Stone( 1993) and Cloninger (2005)
And another way of specifying the
characterological component of personality is with
the term schema.
Character refers to the learned, psychosocial
influences on personality. Character forms largely
because of the socialization process, particularly
with regard to cooperativeness, and the mirroring
process that promotes the development of self-
concept and a sense of purpose in life.
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Temperament refers to the innate, genetic and
17
constitutional influences of personality. Whereas
character and schema reflect the psychological
dimension of personality and temperament reflect
the biological dimension of personality.
 Example the individual with borderline
personality disorder will likely rate high in two
temperament dimensions but low in character
dimensions of self directedness and cooperation.
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The brain and temperament modulation
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The researchers have come to conceptualize the

treatment process in terms of either “top-down” or
“bottom-up” strategies.
Top-down refers to treatment efforts that primarily
focus on and influence cortical structures and neural
tracts (top) as well as subcortical circuits, particularly
those in the limbic system.
For example top- down treatment strategies' typically
utilize standard psychotherapies, that is , cognitive
restructuring and dynamic interpretations, to enhance
cortical influences on limbic circuits.
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The goal is to undo negative learning, particularly

maladaptive beliefs and to increase the modulating
or normalizing effect of emotional responses.
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The other Interventions for personality disorders.
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Are structured treatment interventions for

personality disorders. These are as follows
Anger management training
The purpose of this training is to decrease arousal
and expression of hostile effects while increasing the
individual’s capacity to tolerate and Chanel this
energy in prosocial ways.
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Anxiety management training
The purpose is to decrease the arousal and
expression of distressing effects and to increase the
individual’s capacity to face and to tolerate these
effects.
Assertiveness Training
The purpose is to increase an individual’s capacity
for expressing thoughts, feelings, and belief in
direct, honest and appropriate manner without
violating the rights of others.
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Cognitive awareness training
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The purpose is to reduce narcist injury, projective
identification and cognitive distortion. Increasing
recognition and awareness of distorted thinking and
unrealistic expectation can calm resulting distress
and acting out behaviors
Distress tolerance skills training
Distress tolerance is the capacity to perceive one’s
environment without demanding it be different, to
experience one’s current emotional state without
trying to change it, and to observe one’s thought
pattern and actions patterns without attempting to
stop them.
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Emotional Regulation skill Training
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The patient who habitually exhibit emotional
liability may benefit from learning to regulate their
emotions. Emotional regulation skills can be
extremely difficult to teach because emotionally
labile patients often believe that if they could only
“change their attitude” they could change their
feelings.
Empathy training
This helps patient to have empathetic abilities.
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Impulse control training
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This intervention have a goal to reduce involuntary
urges to act. This helps the individual to increase self
control.
 This intervention involve three phases, assessment ,
training and application.
Interpersonal skills training
Interpersonal skills refers to a broad range of skills
in relating socially as well as intimately with others.
These includes distress tolerance, emotional
regulation, impulse control, active listening ,
assertiveness, problem solving , friendship skills ,
negotiating and conflict resolution
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REFERENCES
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TOPIC: CBT STRATEGIES

DARE: 2ND JUNE, 2015

Personality disorders are disorders characterized by

These are types of personality that are common to

Many people struggle with these problems over the

Characteristics that apply to all personality disorders:

Personality disorders affect many areas of an

Personality disorders are most likely caused by a

This is a form of treatment that combines elements

When CBT is used as part of a single treatment for

The skills used to treat personality disorders are based on the

In addition, there are other three skills make the

Is the initial steps of the CBT treatment for

Perhaps the most important step of the cognitive

Helps to train the patient how to challenge and change

The researchers have come to conceptualize the

The goal is to undo negative learning, particularly

Are structured treatment interventions for

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