DILLA UNIVERSITY

Title

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE FOR LIVING:

THE WATER FRONT PARKS OF LAKE HAWASSA
 CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND OF STUDY

 Ethiopian lakes are associated with lacustrine, palustrine and floodplain wetlands. Lake and
wetlands are fundamental parts of the structure and welfare of Ethiopian societies. They have
long been important resources for the people as a source of water and food.
 To be more specific they play important roles in fisheries, irrigation and tourism development
that may change the lives of millions of people across the country

 Hawassa city is much build because of tourist attraction due to the Lake Hawassa.
Unfortunately, its waterfront side is not much developed as it could be. To improve the city’s
quality of life and environment; waterfront recreations and amusements play a very important
role. It will also support the city's economic foundation, and attract private investment

 Lake Hawassa has multiple importance’s to ant homogenic developments through ecosystem
services, functions, goods and values. Various recreational, tourism and socioeconomic
activities have been and will be the characteristics of Lake Hawassa waterfront.
PROBLEM STATEMENT

Fikir Hayk, Amora Gedel and Millennium Park are existing waterfront areas and the most
valuable areas of Lake Hawassa in terms of location and visual appropriateness towards city
and lake water. Both are the most viewable place and only tourist destination and public
gathering space on the Lake Hawassa.

 Tourist usually do not go further along the lake side because there are no further destination
like, beautiful waterfront landscape, recreations space or parks.

 It seems waterside are not well designed, it is kind of ignored and left-over urban place.
But it is clear that this area does not stretching any people.

 Unplanned parking, power station, stone workshop, restaurants make visual obstacle towards
the lake. Similarly, those structures are destroying the beauty and nature of the area.
In the same way, it is not good setting to have such kind of structure in any valuable
waterfronts.
 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE

GENERAL OBJECTIVE
The general objectives of this research are to assess the impact of unplanned urban waterfront
development on Lake Hawassa and to analyze it in relation to the concept of sustainable
environmental planning for possible management and conservation measures.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE
1. To analyze the impacts caused by unplanned urban waterfront development on water
quality and fringe zone ecology by assessing master plans
2.To provide active and accessible design solution around the study area to improve the
functionality of Lake Front.
3. To promote sustainable use of Lake Front by recommending possible mechanisms which
overcome lake front development challenges.
4. To assess the current existing waterfront activities in terms of tourism and recreation.
 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The main research question of the study is what is the impact of unplanned urban waterfront
development on Lake Hawassa? Relaying on this major question the following sub questions
where augmented which have contributions in attaining the general objective of the research.

A. What should be the 'Design Approach' for urban waterfronts development in Lake
Hawassa at present recreational context?

B. What has been the approach of master plans prepared for the city towards the lake and its
impacts on the lake?

C. What is the land use and land cover changes observed on the waterfront of Lake Hawassa?

D. What are tourist’s priorities and how do they perceive the situation could be improved?
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

• This project will help the society from suffering in the need of fish market or will make
easy for the society that leave in the site to get fish market facility in nearby space.

• This economic activity will make the city’s development faster and will decrease the effort
of society to spend more energy for fish marketing.

• The benefits of this can be divide into; recreation, ecology, aesthetic value, and positive
health impacts. Psychological benefits gained by visitors to urban green spaces increased
with their biodiversity.

• It can also use as to prepare management plan for urban lakefront development such as to
manage urban lake side recreational activities, fishery, hotel industries and others.

• It al so highlights possible research areas that could be studied in depth to find more
important and abiding results.
 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
THEMATIC SCOPE
Thematically this study focusses on providing solutions to solve the problem associated with
the tourism industry, as well as changing the perspective of a place and making it a place for
private investors to choose.

SPATIAL SCOPE

Spatially Hawassa city is one of the most important cities in the tourism industry of the
country. Make the city a major tourism destination by providing solutions that enable us to
utilize its water resources.
 DESCRIPTIONS OF STUDY AREA

 Hawassa, the capital city of SNNPRs, is positioned at the edge of Lake Hawassa.
Hawassa is located 275 km south of Addis Ababa. It is an attractive town in a beautiful
setting.
 The city has about 306,056 populations (dwellers) including HawellaTulla sub city. Most
of the people in the city are followers of Christianity and Islam religion.
 As a regional capital of the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State
(SNNPRS), it is a home of more than 50 nationalities with their varied language and
cultural practices which make the city an open cultural museum for every tourist.
 CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW

DEFINITION OF TERMS
• Waterfront is defined as the z one of interaction bet ween urban development and the
water. It is here that the needs of the water, the city, and its inhabitants come together.

• Waterfront is a part of a town that is next to an area of water such as a lake, river or the sea.
Although it sounds simple, waterfronts are actually complex and demand a fair share of
planning and strategic thinking.

• Lake Hawassa waterfront is dynamic places by nature. As an edge environment, the

overlap of different communities of users and dramatically different conditions make for
enormous amounts of complexity and energy.

• Waterfront can include any combination of different land uses and waterfront projects can
be new projects or re-developments of existing waterfronts into new places. “Cities seek a
waterfront that is a place of public enjoyment.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF WATERFRONTS

Dynamic Area – It is a dynamic area with frequently changing biological, chemical and
geological attributes.

Habitat - It include highly productive and biologically diverse ecosystems that offer crucial
nursery habitats for many species.

Natural Defense - It features such as a mangrove forest serves a critical natural defense
against natural hazards (flooding, erosion and storms).

Pollution Moderator - River ecosystems may act to reduce the impacts of pollution
originating from land such as, wetlands absorbing excess nutrient sediments, human waste.
 TYPES OF WATERFRONTS

A. Cultural Waterfronts – A waterfront with the sense of community, festivity, artistic

expression, recreation, commercial bustle

B. Environmental Waterfronts - "Design with nature", might include shore stabilization,

wetland preservation, prairie restoration etc.

C. Historic Waterfronts – A waterfront with "A sense of uniqueness and character" to a

place. Provide a special educational experience by preserving the cultural heritage of place.

D. Mixed-Use Waterfronts – A waterfront with a dynamic space containing various

activities blended to complement each other.
E. Recreational Waterfront – A recreational waterfront is "The place of community
gathering". Parks, gardens, picnic areas, walking, cycling and water related activities
including boating, fishing, etc.

F. Residential Waterfront – A waterfront where housings, creates opportunities for other

activities like retail, recreation, restaurants.

G. Working Waterfront – A waterfront where lake-related activity such as fishing, boat

repair, etc. happens.

H. Redeveloping Waterfront – waterfront where land uses have recently changed or

where vacant and underutilized properties suggest potential for beneficial change
 PRINCIPLES OF WATER FRONT DEVELOPMENT

• It features the lake shore as the front door

• It showcases the lake’s history

• It activates the lakefront

• It limits obstacles and connects to the lake.

• It engages people with the water.

• It connects seamlessly along the lakefront and into neighborhoods

• It repairs and enhance the environment

• It employs high-quality architectural materials and sustainable engineering practices.

 WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

• Promote the waterfront activities at strategic locations. (Identify key location with
major water views and create activity nodes and destinations where possible.

• Provide diversified opportunities for different functions (economic development,

public enjoyment and civic identity).

• Promote the waterfront front vitality both day and night.

• Design the shoreline to optimize the visual and functional value.

• Maximize the amenity value of sites with good natural settings.

• Promote retailing and leisure activities to the water edge.

• Avoid mismatched development in terms of water view, form and scale.

 STEPS TO CREATE A GREAT WATERFRONT

• Look first at the public space

• Make sure public goals are the primary objective

• Build on existing assets & context

• Create a shared community vision

• Connect destinations along the waterfront

• Maximize opportunities for public access

• Balance environmental benefits with human needs

• Start small to make big change

 STANDARDS OF RIVER AND LAKE SHORES
A. Winding their way through the length of the city, river and lake.

B. Rivers and lakes have been highly disturbed by urban development

C. Improving the lakes corridor and / or (re-)establishing natural channel Processes

D. Improving flood storage capacity Flood

E. Addressing water quality

F. Improving wellbeing

G. Balancing community access and the needs of wildlife river restoration and lake shore

H. Educating the communit

I. Generating sustainable development and attracting business
 COMPONENTS AND FACILITIES OF WATERFRONT

1. The green components are Community / amenity open spaces and Private / domestic
Gardens

2. The gray components are Pavements, Seats and Signs, Fences and Walls, Parking Litter
bins and toilets
 SUMMERY ON LITERATURE REVIEW

From this literature I observe a lot of significant, standards, guidelines, principles, type and
characters of waterfront development those which have connection with this research and
helpful for the final solution of this study area.

• Frist of all before developing any waterfront sides we need consider existing natural and
built environment around the site.

• Waterfront should provide diversified opportunities for different functions

(economic development, public enjoyment and civic identity).

• Designing the shoreline helps to optimize the visual and functional value and creating
focal points helps to emphasize the beauty of lake.
• Avoid mismatched development in terms of water view, form and scale which Promote
harmony in the visual relationships and transition between the new and existing
development of waterfront recreation areas with adjoining land uses in terms of
pedestrian, access and landscape design frameworks.

• Protecting the waterfront historic value is one of significant feature in waterfront

development and promoting visual accessibility will create good visual point and
pedestrian dominated street enhance the physical and psychological accessibility.

• Life-style and testifying to the spirit of the age, taste and outlook of the time, as superior
atmosphere attracts customers who value quality during leisure time and holidays highly.

• Generally; this literature is helpful for me to see the standards and ways of architectural
problem solving should be taken to develop waterfront in order to study area character.
 Conclusion

• Waterfront development is a worldwide phenomenon, and there are many trials error and
learning processes.

• The waterfront transition problem faced to Lake Hawassa is an epitome of many other
port cities facing the same problem; in the future the considered dimension and depth of
waterfront development will continue to evolve, and we need to think from angles that
are more diverse.
• When we know the preciousness of waterfront, waterfront development project should
not only consider the factor of engineering technical.

• Waterfront development involves very complex factors, so it is necessary to refer to

cases of countries in the world, in order to minimize the possibility to make the same
mistakes.
 INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY
• Crescent waterfront
• Location St. Petersburg in Pinellas
• Reinventing the crescent, New
Orleans transform six miles of
unused industrial and commercial
space along the Mississippi river
Riverfront property as a symbol of
reinvention for New Orleans
transformation in to America’s
boutique city.
 AIMS OF THE PROJECT
• Increase tourism, create jobs and revenue for New Orleans, fosters a renewed quality of
life among our local communities, encourages civic activity, enhances the community
culture.
• Designing 15 location to reinvent-providing opportunities for recreation, relaxation
and reconnection.
SUMMERY OF CASE STUDY
• These case study obtained there should be multiple entry point to the river so as to have
a successful riverfront with active use. And lake water can be reused for different
purposes.
• These case study obtained us how much existence of recreational and fitness areas
around water body attract the visitors and attracting tourism improves the economic
wealth of the city.
 LOCAL CASE ANALYSIS

• There is a lot of water front space in Hawassa lake side those used their space properly
and also there is a lot of water front space in Hawassa lake didn’t use their space
properly from those
• Fikr hike
• Haile resort
• Lewi resort
• Amora gedel
• In front of aroge gebeya
• Shebelle one
 AMORA GEDEL
• Amora Gedel recreational park is one of the amenity values that Lake Hawassa benefits
the society.
• The recreational park was given the name “Amora-Gedel” with the reference to the mass
of Marabou storks that exist at the park, where “Amora” is synonymous with Marabou
stork (Leptoptilos crumenifer) and “Gedel” to a downstream location.
SHEBELLE ONE (UNITED AFRICA GROUP HOTEL)
• Shebelle owned by united African group and located on 1 km distance from down town
piassa and alongside the lake for its aesthetical purpose and nice view here they give a lot
of services Swimming , Bar and restaurant , Recreation on trees shade.
 CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
• The research design includes both the qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative
method can be used to improve quality of survey based quantitative evaluation by
strengthening the design of survey questionnaires and expanding or clarifying quantitative
evaluation findings.
• Quantitative research method plays an important role in impact evaluation by
providing information useful to understand the processes behind observed results and
assess changes in people’s perceptions of their well-being.
• Quantitative survey applied in this research along with the qualitative method in order to
get results that help in making logical conclusion based on the collected data based on
numbers.
 DATA TYPES
PRIMARY DATA
• The most important source is site visit on the water front observing the activity by giving
sample questionnaires to people of different social groups and conducting interviews with
experts of the field are principally used. notes and photographs are used to record information.
SECONDARY SOURCE
• Study on literatures and researches about the waterfront, potential and standards in Ethiopia
and internationally additionally referring on Case studies on local and international
development of landscapes.
 DATA SOURCES
• The main sources used for acquiring data for the proposal were the primary and secondary
sources.
• In primary source site visits and questioner.
• The primary data sources are vital for most of the data collected here is current information
either how the society interacts with the lake front or how to improve it. And collected
through a questionnaire.
• The secondary sources comprise literature reviews and books.
• Collecting substantial data is the key question for the success of the research work. the data
was gathered by researching through different references which related to the research title
by taking consideration of the research question, from the occupant knowledge.
 SAMPLING DESIGN
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
• From the two types is sample picking techniques this research going to use Probability
Sampling, This Sampling technique uses randomization to make sure that every element of
the population gets an equal chance to be part of the selected sample. It’s alternatively
known as random. sampling and used all type of probability sampling technique for precise
data and also for perfection.
• My Sampling technique will be divided by two parts visitor-oriented workers-oriented
visitor-oriented sampling technique is made by depending on visitors need from the market .
• it can be categorized by raw fish consumer and roasted fish consumer by this method
sampling to be taken from raw fish consumers is fewer than roasted fish consumers this
information is obtained from site visit
SAMPLE SIZE
• In addition to theoretical analysis, direct communication with the target groups sampling
techniques will be applied to get reliable information or data from relevant sources through
oral interviews, observations, photographing, and by dispatching questionnaires to the
respondents.
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
• The data was collected from both primary and secondary data sources, primary data
obtained by open and close ended questionnaire has applied to the workers and cooperative
men was interviewed.
• The secondary data were obtained from different written documents (Journals, Books and
internets).
 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
• Qualitative data – those qualitative data analysis methods that I plan to use on description of
study area or location of study area, and also those data did not express by numerical way
used in qualitative
• Quantitative data – those quantitative data analysis methods that I plan to use on numerical
data just like population size whether and rainfall analysis and so numerical data
METHOD OF DATA PRESENTATION
• Photographical expression
• Graphical expression
• Sketches
• Drawing
• Map or plan and chart
 VALIDATION AND RELIABILITY
• The validity of questioners developed for this study was checked before distributing the
final questionnaires to the respondents by friends and project personnel and the advisor of
the researcher and pilots will be done to check the validity.
• The final version of the questioners will be distributed after incorporating all the comments
and feedbacks obtained from different professionals.