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02 IntroSAD

This document provides an introduction to information systems, describing their key components of hardware, software, data, processes, and people. It defines different categories of information systems such as enterprise computing systems, transaction processing systems, business support systems, and knowledge management systems. The characteristics and types of information systems used in various industries are also outlined.

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Erlind Generalao
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44 views16 pages

02 IntroSAD

This document provides an introduction to information systems, describing their key components of hardware, software, data, processes, and people. It defines different categories of information systems such as enterprise computing systems, transaction processing systems, business support systems, and knowledge management systems. The characteristics and types of information systems used in various industries are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Erlind Generalao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Systems Analysis
and Design
Lorenz Raphael Camacho – ULCCS, Faculty
Objectives
 Describe an information system and explain
its components and characteristics
 Identify common types of information
systems and explain who uses them
Information System Components

People

Hardware

Processes

Software

Data
Information System Components
 Hardware  Software
- is the physical - System software
controls the hardware and
layer of the software environment and
information includes the operating
system system
- Application software
consists of programs that
that process data to produce
information
Information System Components
 Data stored in files and
databases is a vital
component of every
system
 Processes define
the tasks that
must be
performed by
users, managers,
and IS staff
Information System Components

 People who use


the system are
called users, or
end users.

(employees, customers,
vendors, or others who
interact with the system)
Categories of Companies
(classified based on their main activities)

 Production-oriented
(industrial ) companies that
manufacture & sell goods
 Service-oriented
companies that mainly offer
information, services, or sell
goods made by others
 Internet-dependent firms –
dot-com (.com)
Characteristics of Information Systems
(affect a business information system’s complexity)

1. Relationships with other systems


2. Boundaries
3. Specialized business needs
4. Size of the company
Types of Information Systems
Traditional categories (based on the audience they served)
Office systems
Operational systems
Management information systems
Executive information systems
Decision support systems
Expert systems
Types of Information Systems
Categories (based on functions and features)
Enterprise computing systems
Transaction processing systems
Business support systems
Knowledge management systems
User productivity systems
Enterprise computing systems
Refers to information systems that
support company-wide data
management requirements
e.g.
airline reservation system
credit card billing system
Transaction processing systems
Process data generated by
day-to-day business
operations

Transaction processing (TP)


Online transaction processing (OLTP)
 OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS

e.g.
customer billing
accounts receivable
warranty claim processing
Business support systems
Provide job-related information to users at all
levels in the company
Can analyze transactional data,
generate information
needed to manage and
control business processes,
and provide information that
leads to better decision
making

An important feature is decision


support capability to
conduct what-if analysis
Knowledge management systems

Expert systems
Simulate human
reasoning by
combining a
knowledge base with
inference rules that
determine how the
knowledge is applied
User productivity systems

Provide employees at all organizational level with


a wide array of tools to improve quality and
job performance
e.g. LAN, WAN, e-mail, voice mail, fax, video conferencing, word processing,
automated calendars, data management, spreadsheets, desktop
publishing, presentation graphics, company intranets, internet
Organizational Structure
Strategic planning

Tactical planning

Operational plans

Empowerment

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