EEE 303 – Digital Electronics

EEE Multiplexer (MUX) and

Demultiplexer (DEMUX)
303
Lecture 06.1
Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury, Assistant Professor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
 Combinational Circuits
• Output is dependent on the combination of inputs
• n inputs, m outputs, n × m combinations

n m

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 2

Department of EEE, BUET
 Multiplexer
Multiplexer circuit has a number of data inputs, one or more select
inputs, and one output.
It passes the signal value on one of the data inputs to the output.
The data input is selected by the values of the select inputs.

n-to-1 multiplexer
n 1

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 3

Department of EEE, BUET
 2-to-1 Multiplexer

f =s w 0 +s w1

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 4

Department of EEE, BUET
 4-to-1 Multiplexer

𝑓 =𝑠 1 𝑠0 𝑤0 + 𝑠1 𝑠 0 𝑤1+ 𝑠 1 𝑠0 𝑤2 + 𝑠1 𝑠 0 𝑤 3

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 5

Department of EEE, BUET
 4-to-1 Mux using 2-to-1 Mux

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 6

Department of EEE, BUET
 16-to-1 Mux using 4-to-1 Mux

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 7

Department of EEE, BUET
 Crossbar Switch

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 8

Department of EEE, BUET
 Demultiplexer
Opposite function of a multiplexer - placing the value of a single data input onto multiple data
outputs

In this case the En input serves as the data input for the demultiplexer, and the y0 to y3 outputs are
the data outputs. The valuation of w1 w0 determines which of the outputs is set to the value of En.

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 9

Department of EEE, BUET
 Communication Line

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 10

Department of EEE, BUET
Implementing Logic Functions with MUX: Simple Way
Choose all the inputs of the given function as the select pins
of the mux
Choose the outputs of the given function as the inputs of the
mux- simple as that

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 11

Department of EEE, BUET
 Basic Gates Using MUX: Simple Way

XOR

x y f x y f
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 1 1
1 0 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1

xy xy

0 0
0 f 1 f
0 1
1 1
EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 12
Department of EEE, BUET
Implementing Logic Functions with MUX: Smart Way

Choose some of the inputs (usually starting from the MSB) of

the given function as the select pins of the mux
Derive the expression of the functions for those select pins –
also not that difficult

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 13

Department of EEE, BUET
 Basic Gates Using Smart Way

XOR

x y f x y f
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 1 1
1 0 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1

x x

0 y
f f
y 1

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 14

Department of EEE, BUET
Majority function

• In Boolean logic, the majority function (also called

the median operator) is the Boolean function that
evaluates to false when half or more arguments are
false and true otherwise, i.e. the value of the function
equals the value of the majority of the inputs. 

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 15

Department of EEE, BUET
 3-Input Majority Function using 2-to-1 Mux

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 16

Department of EEE, BUET
 3-Input Majority Function using 4-to-1 Mux

f=0

f = w3

f = w3
f=1

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 17

Department of EEE, BUET
 3-Input XOR using 2-to-1 Mux

w1
w2
w3 f

f = w2 ⊕   w3
EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 18
Department of EEE, BUET
 3-Input XOR using 4-to-1 Mux

f = w3

f=

f=
f = w3

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 19

Department of EEE, BUET
 Shannon's Expansion Theorem - 1
Any Boolean expression can be written through multiplexing

𝐹 =𝑥 . 𝐹 𝑥 + 𝑥 𝐹 𝑥
¿

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 20

Department of EEE, BUET
 Shannon's Expansion Theorem - 2

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 21

Department of EEE, BUET
 Shannon's Expansion Theorem - 3

𝑓=𝑤 1.𝑓 𝑤 +𝑤 1.𝑓 𝑤 1 1

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 22
Department of EEE, BUET
 Shannon's Expansion Theorem - 4

=
=

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Department of EEE, BUET
 Using only 2-to-1 Mux - 1

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 24

Department of EEE, BUET
 Using only 2-to-1 Mux - 2

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 25

Department of EEE, BUET
 Using Few Gates

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 26

Department of EEE, BUET
74HC153 dual four-input MUX

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 27

Department of EEE, BUET
74HC151 eight-input MUX

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 28

Department of EEE, BUET
 Conditional Operator ?:
The question mark is known in Verilog as a conditional
operator though in other programming languages it also is
referred to as a ternary operator, an inline if, or a ternary if.
It is used as a short-hand way to write a conditional
expression in Verilog (rather than using if/else statements).
Usage:
condition ? value_if_true : value_if_false

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 29

Department of EEE, BUET
 Mux Using Conditional Operator

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 30

Department of EEE, BUET
 Mux Using if-else

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 31

Department of EEE, BUET
 16-to-1 Mux using 4-to-1 Mux

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 32

Department of EEE, BUET
 Mux Using case

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 33

Department of EEE, BUET
 Task
 Must be included in the module that calls it

 May have i/p and o/p ports which are used to make external connections to the
module (these are not the i/p and o/p ports of the module)

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 34

Department of EEE, BUET
 Function
 Returns only a single value that is placed where the function is invoked

 compiler essentially inserts the body of the function at each place where it is called

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 35

Department of EEE, BUET
 Difference Between Task and Function

 Function has only one output

 function can invoke another function but it cannot call a task. A task
may call another task and it may invoke a function.
 task after the always block that calls it. function before the always
block that invokes it. both tasks and functions. functions to be
defined before the statements that invoke them.
 Functions cannot include timing delays, like posedge, negedge, etc.
Task can.

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 36

Department of EEE, BUET
 EEE 303 – Digital Electronics
EEE Encoder and Decoder

303
Lecture 06.2
Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury, Assistant Professor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
 Decoder
 Decoder circuits are used to decode encoded information.
 A binary decoder is a logic circuit with n inputs and 2𝑛 outputs.
 An n-bit binary code in which exactly one of the bits is set to 1 at a
time is referred to as one-hot encoded
 The outputs of a binary decoder are one-hot encoded.

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 38

Department of EEE, BUET
 2-to-4 Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 39

Department of EEE, BUET
2 to 4 Line Decoder with Enable

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 40

Department of EEE, BUET
3 to 8 Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 41

Department of EEE, BUET
 3-to-8 Decoder using 2-to-4 Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 42

Department of EEE, BUET
4 to 16 Decoder Truth Table

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 43

Department of EEE, BUET
 4-to-16 Decoder using 4-to-2 Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 44

Department of EEE, BUET
 Verilog for Decoders

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 45

Department of EEE, BUET
 Code for 4-to-16 Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 46

Department of EEE, BUET
 Mux from Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 47

Department of EEE, BUET
 Mux from Decoder with Verilog

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 48

Department of EEE, BUET
 Synthesis using Decoder - SOP

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 49

Department of EEE, BUET
 Synthesis using Decoder - POS

¿ ∏ 𝑀(2,5)

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 50

Department of EEE, BUET
 Memory Block

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 51

Department of EEE, BUET
74HC154 Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 52

Department of EEE, BUET
5 Bit Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 53

Department of EEE, BUET
BCD to Binary Decoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 54

Department of EEE, BUET
EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 55
Department of EEE, BUET
 EEE 303 – Digital Electronics

Encoder

56

Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury, Assistant Professor

02/03/2023
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
 Encoder

 An encoder performs the opposite function of a decoder. It encodes

given information into a more compact form
 A binary encoder encodes information from 2𝑛 inputs into an n-bit code
 Inputs are one hot encoded for binary encoder
 Are used to reduce the number of bits/wires in a digital system

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 57

Department of EEE, BUET
 4-to-2 Binary Encoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 58

Department of EEE, BUET
 4-to-2 Binary Encoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 59

Department of EEE, BUET
 8-to-3 Binary Encoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 60

Department of EEE, BUET
 Priority Encoder - 1
 In a priority encoder each input has a priority level
associated with it
 The encoder outputs indicate the active input that
has the highest priority
 When an input with a high priority is asserted, the
other inputs with lower priority are ignored.

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 61

Department of EEE, BUET
 Priority Encoder - 2

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 62

Department of EEE, BUET
Four-input priority encoder

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 63

Department of EEE, BUET
 Priority Encoder with Verilog

EEE 303 – Digital Electronics Dr. Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury 64

Department of EEE, BUET