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    Hubab Ahmad
    Carbonization is the process of converting coal into coke through destructive distillation. It removes impurities from coal and increases the carbon content. The main products are coke, coal gas, and coal tar. Historically, coke replaced wood charcoal in metallurgy due to deforestation concerns. Modern coke oven plants analyze coal quality and use by-product ovens to produce high quality coke and capture coal gas byproducts. While useful, carbonization also produces hazardous emissions and waste that require proper treatment.

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    Presentation 1

    Uploaded by

    Hubab Ahmad
    29 views30 pages
    Carbonization is the process of converting coal into coke through destructive distillation. It removes impurities from coal and increases the carbon content. The main products are coke, coal gas, and coal tar. Historically, coke replaced wood charcoal in metallurgy due to deforestation concerns. Modern coke oven plants analyze coal quality and use by-product ovens to produce high quality coke and capture coal gas byproducts. While useful, carbonization also produces hazardous emissions and waste that require proper treatment.

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    Carbonization is the process of converting coal into coke through destructive distillation. It removes impurities from coal and increases the carbon content. The main products are coke, coal gas, and coal tar. Historically, coke replaced wood charcoal in metallurgy due to deforestation concerns. Modern coke oven plants analyze coal quality and use by-product ovens to produce high quality coke and capture coal gas byproducts. While useful, carbonization also produces hazardous emissions and waste that require proper treatment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    29 views30 pages

    Presentation 1

    Uploaded by

    Hubab Ahmad
    Carbonization is the process of converting coal into coke through destructive distillation. It removes impurities from coal and increases the carbon content. The main products are coke, coal gas, and coal tar. Historically, coke replaced wood charcoal in metallurgy due to deforestation concerns. Modern coke oven plants analyze coal quality and use by-product ovens to produce high quality coke and capture coal gas byproducts. While useful, carbonization also produces hazardous emissions and waste that require proper treatment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    Carbonization

    Coke production
    Group members:
    • Muhammad Noman Anjum
    • Muhammad Suleman Khan
    • Gul Muhammad
    • Yasir Ghazi
    • Hubab Ahmad
    • Uzair ur Rehman
    • Amir Sohail
    • Tanveer Ahmad
    • Muhammd Sohail
    Contents
    • Introduction
    • History
    • Objective
    • Quality analysis
    • Process
    • Coke oven plant
    • Properties of coke
    • Byproduct of carbonization
    • Hazardous impacts
    • Uses of carbonization
    • Conclusion
    • Questions
    Introduction
    • Carbonization:
    The process to convert coal into coke
    through destructive distillation.
    OR
    Simply the production of coke is known as
    carbonization.
    In carbonization the impurities are removed out of the
    coal.
    Cont….
    • Coke:
    The solid residue left behind after carbonization
    process.
    OR
    Coke is the derivative product produced by destructive
    distillation.
    Coke contains higher carbon content and few
    impurities.
    Cont….

    Coal
    carbonization

    Coke Coal gas Coal tar


    Cont….
    History

    • 1600s the concept of carbonization was developed.


    • Initially wood charcoal were used as a reducing
    agents in metallurgy.
    • It leads to deforestation.
    • In 1609 coal substituted wood charcoal.
    • Later on coke, a more efficient and carbon riched
    source was introduced.
    Objective

    • Why we do carbonization?
    - to remove impurities
    - to increase carbon content
    - to obtain higher energy content
    - to have good reducing agent
    Quality Analysis
    • Before carbonization of coal it is analyzed properly
    by:
    - Proximate analysis
    - Ultimate analysis
    • Similarly we do different tests to select coal for
    carbonization:
    - Caking tests
    - Coking tests
    Cont…
    • Now if coals satisfy certain specific criteria then it is
    selected for coke production.
    Coal properties Range
    Ash content 10-20%
    Sulphur content <0.8%
    Swelling index 2-8
    Phosphorous etc <0.1%
    Cont…
    • If not so, then the quality of coal is enhanced by
    processing.
    Process

    • Carbonization may be:


    - Low temperature carbonization
    - High temperature carbonization
    • It depends upon the yield (requirements).
    • Low temperature carbonization: 250-350C
    • High temperature carbonization: 600-800C

    -
    Cont…
    Coke Oven Plant
    • Coke oven plant may be:
    - Non recovery ovens
    - By product ovens
    Non recovery ovens are economical as well as
    environment friendly.
    By-product ovens are capital intensive and yields
    high quality coke.
    Cont…
    Cont…
    • Various sections of coke oven plant are:
    - Coal handling and preparation section
    - Partial briqueting
    - Coke oven batteries
    - Coke sorting plant
    - Coke oven gas recovery
    - Ammonia recovery and ammonium
    sulphate production
    - Waste water treatment
    Cont…
    Properties of coke
    • Less ash content
    • High carbon content
    • High energy content
    • Less pollution
    Cont…
    Coke properties range
    Ash 8-9%
    Moisture 2.5-5%
    Sulfur 0.65-0.82%
    Volatile matter 0.5-1.5%
    Phosphorous 0.02-0.33%
    Average coke size 45-60mm
    By-product of carbonization

    • The major by-products of carbonization are:


    - coal tar
    - coal gas
    • Coal gas is flammable gaseous fuel.
    • Coal tar is a viscous dark liquid, also known as
    LCD.
    By-product of carbonization

    The potential available by-products can be


    classified on the basis of;
    HTC and
    LTC.
    The different by-products of carbonization are
    given in the table:
    Cont…
    Cont…
    Cont…
    • Similarly the coke oven gases yields:
    Hazardous Impacts

    • Carbonization produce various harmful substances.


    - It produces higher amount of CO.
    - The coal tar and smoke produced is harmful.
    - The waste water discharged have bad effects
    on marine life and also human life.
    - It also contaminates air.
    Uses of Carbonization
    • Carbonization is mainly used to produce:
    - Coke which is used:
    -As fuel and reducing agent in smelting of ores.
    -As a source to produce synthesis gases e.g water
    gas
    - Coal gas which is used as domestic fuel.
    - Coal tar is used as source various organic
    compounds and in medication.
    Cont….
    Conclusion
    • We conclude that:
    – There are some important parameters that determines the
    properties of coking coal.
    – Utilization of coal can overcome environmental hazards
    – Most importantly apart from combustion we can utilize
    coal in many ways e.g Carbonization Gasification etc.
    – And efficiency of plant can be increased to yield good
    quality coke, increasing life batteries etc.
    Questions

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