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Week 38 BA Session 5 Structured Problem Solving Using Frameworks

The document discusses various structured problem solving frameworks like 5 Whys, 5Ws + H, SPIN selling, and issue trees. It provides examples of using these frameworks through case studies, such as using 5 Whys to determine the root cause of computer failures was due to lack of staffing rather than memory issues. An issue tree is constructed to analyze the consequences of closing a tool manufacturing plant in Bulgaria.

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sudeepvmenon

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

40 views

Week 38 BA Session 5 Structured Problem Solving Using Frameworks

Uploaded by

sudeepvmenon

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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SGC Coaching Session ##:

Structured Problem Solving using Frameworks
- Industry Demonstration
Session By:
Agenda:

Understanding structured problem solving

using framework

Case study demonstration

Doubt Resolution
Structured Problem Solving

What is Structured Problem Solving?

Structured Problem Solving is a process for

solving a complex, content-based problem
within a specific time limit. It helps to step
back and evaluate problems which can be
big or small, in a clearer and more
structured way. Also, it helps the responders
collect, organize, and analyze the
information used in solving the issue.

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Method of Structured Problem Solving

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Some popular frameworks

Some of the popular frameworks are:

• 5Ws + H framework
• 5 WHYs framework
• SPIN selling framework
• Issue tree framework

Photo source: fullpotentialgroup.com

5 WHYs framework

What is 5 WHY’s framework ?

The 5 WHYs technique follows a simple approach of asking WHY 5 times.
First, it starts with the main problem and ask why it occurred and then keeps
asking why until you reach the root cause of the said problem. (Now, one may need
to ask more or less than 5 whys to reach your answer. However, in general practice, 5 WHYs are more
or less sufficient to reach the root cause)

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5 WHYs framework

Some steps to follow for 5 WHYs technique for continuous improvement:

• Form a team
• Define the problem
• Ask 5 why related questions
• Take action - come to root cause

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5Ws + H framework

What is 5Ws + How framework?

The goal of 5Ws + How technique is to gain a

factual answer to each question.
Answers to all six questions should give clarity
to whatever the interviewer is trying to
discover.
It also allows teams to identify several factors,
share the same vision of a situation and not
go off-topic.

Photo source: medium.com

5W’s + How framework

Advantage:
Using the 5 Ws + H approach allows
product managers to organize their thinking
and planning in a logical, systematic way.
Additionally, because it addresses all of the
fundamental questions to a complex
problem, this technique also helps ensure
that a product team won’t forget to think
through any major issues before making
strategic decisions and plans on the product
roadmap.
Photo source: slidemodel.com
SPIN selling framework

What is SPIN selling framework?

SPIN Selling is a sales book, first published in 1988, written by Neil Rackham. In this book,
Rackham establishes the SPIN selling methodology, a sales technique created to help anticipate
and navigate tough sales situations. The SPIN technique is a sequence of questions—not
predefined questions to be quoted verbatim, but types of questions to be asked in a particular
order.
Usage of SPIN selling framework:
No two sales scenarios are alike, and neither are two customers. Sales orgs need to cut through
the clutter and get to the heart of what a client really needs—and that’s where SPIN selling is
needed.

Photo source: efficy.com

SPIN selling framework

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Issue Tree Framework

What is an Issue Tree Framework?

Issue trees are visual diagrams that you can use to break down a larger problem or
question into several smaller questions. It is a customized framework used to analyze
the root causes of problems in a case. The issue tree also allows the thought process
to be well-structured, it covers all key aspects of the case, and understands how
various components are related to the problem which needs to be solved.

Photo source: myconsultoffer.org

Issue Tree Framework

Steps on how to build a Issue Tree:

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Case study -1

Case study on 5 WHY’s framework.

A 5 WHY framework to get to the root cause of the computer failure

in the IT department of a manufacturing firm.

There could be some other reason which would be affecting the

failure of computer other than the technical issues which are faced.
So the manager needs to look into the matter and ask the relevant 5
why questions to get to the root cause.
Case study-1

5 WHYs questions:
• Why didn’t your computer perform the task? – Because the memory was not sufficient.
• Why wasn’t your memory sufficient? – Because I did not ask for enough memory.
• Why did you underestimate the amount of memory? – Because I did not know my programs
would take so much space.
• Why didn’t you know programs would take so much space? – Because I did not do my
research on programs and memory required for my annual projects.
• Why did you not do research on memory required? – Because I am short staffed and had to let
some tasks slip to get other priorities accomplished.

Hence, after asking the 5 WHY questions to the in-charge the manager draws the roots cause
of the failure of the computer to be storage of man power or human asset and not the
insufficiency of memory.
Case study-2

Case study on 5W’s + How framework

Use the 5W’s + How framework to write down a user persona

Case Study-2

• Who is this person? : example: Demographic information, goals, desires, fears, etc.
• What do they do in their organization?: example: Job title, responsibilities, etc.
• Where do they work?: example: Industry, size of the company, geographic region, etc.
• How do they work?: example: What tools do they use, what people and departments do they
work with, etc.
• Why would they need our help?: example: What can our company offer that adds value to this
person’s job, business, or life?
• When would they need the solution we’re proposing? : example: Where in this person’s
workflow or activities can our product or service provide the answer to their problem?
Case Study-3

Let’s solve an issue tree question:

Construct an issue tree on plant closure case- Should the company close its only tool manufacturing plant in
Bulgaria? The company is globally based and needs to scrutinise the consequences of closing the only tool
manufacturing plant to come to a right decision.