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Scientific Report Module 2

This document provides an overview of the typical parts and structure of a scientific report, including: 1) Title, 2) Introduction, 3) Research Aim and Hypothesis, 4) Materials, 5) Methods, 6) Results, 7) Discussion, 8) Conclusion, 9) Recommendation, and 10) References. It describes the purpose and content that should be included in each section, such as stating the research problem in the introduction, documenting the materials and steps taken in the methods, presenting results in graphs and tables, analyzing and interpreting data in the discussion, and summarizing conclusions.

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Jheromn Nash San Juan
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146 views14 pages

Scientific Report Module 2

This document provides an overview of the typical parts and structure of a scientific report, including: 1) Title, 2) Introduction, 3) Research Aim and Hypothesis, 4) Materials, 5) Methods, 6) Results, 7) Discussion, 8) Conclusion, 9) Recommendation, and 10) References. It describes the purpose and content that should be included in each section, such as stating the research problem in the introduction, documenting the materials and steps taken in the methods, presenting results in graphs and tables, analyzing and interpreting data in the discussion, and summarizing conclusions.

Uploaded by

Jheromn Nash San Juan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Writing a Scientific Report

MODULE 2

MARISTEL INDUCIL-CEÑA
Research Teacher
Scientific Report

 Writing a scientific report can help you process your thoughts and
observations in a systematic manner. A scientific report documents
the scientific method that you put into practice during a scientific
investigation.
 In addition to that, writing a scientific report helps you store the
information and insights generated during the scientific
investigation. This allows you to recover the information anytime
without the need to do the scientific investigation all over again.
PARTS OF
SCIENTIFIC REPORT
1. Title

The title should be concise, brief, and not more than 12


words. It should focus on: ‘What is the investigation about?’,
and ‘What is the purpose of the investigation?’. This gives
the reader a gist of the report.
2. Introduction

The introduction should be written from general to specific.


The general details about the investigation should be
mentioned first before going to the specific details. This is
where the scientific method: Observing, Identifying and
Formulating a Problem, Collecting relevant information
about the problem/topic, come into play.
3. Research Aim & Hypothesis

 Once you understand the problem/topic better, the next in the scientific method is to formulate the hypothesis.
In a scientific report, there is a part where you write your aim and your hypothesis. These are two different but
related parts of the scientific report. After conducting the scientific investigation, you should be able to recall
the aim of the investigation. Usually, the aim and the hypothesis are connected to each other such that the
number of research aims corresponds to the number of the hypothesis (Ho and Ha).
 In your scientific investigation, you investigated whether a certain fertilizer affects the growth of a plant in terms of height.
You used Plant A and Plant B as test subjects.
In this case, your research aim and hypothesis would be:
 RESEARCH AIM
This research aims to test for the significant difference between Plant A and Plant B in terms of plant height.
 HYPOTHESIS
Ho: There is no significant difference between Plant A and Plant B in terms of plant height.
4. Materials
 After you writing your aim and your hypothesis, the next in the scientific method is to design your
experiment. In a scientific report, you just need to list down the materials that you used in the investigation
in the materials section. Be specific with the quantity of your materials. Take a look at the example in the
table below.
 MATERIALS
 10ml of NaCl 2.5ml of Iodine
 In the scientific method, perhaps the most exciting part would be the experimentation. The steps that you
take during the experimentation process should be documented in the methods section of your scientific
report. This allows you to repeat the investigation using your scientific report. One qualities of a research
investigation or experimentation is that it is repeatable. That’s why it is very important for you to document
the experimentation step by step. In your methods section, you can write subheadings or per procedure. Be
specific in writing the steps, remember, the goal of writing the methods section is for your investigation is to
be replicable. The reader should be able to replicate your experiment just by reading your methods. That’s
why you should write as specific as possible.
5. Results

 The ultimate goal of the experimentation is for you to generate data.


The next step in the scientific method is to gather data from the
experiment and organize the experimental data. These data are
written in the results section of your scientific report.
 This is where you document your observations and the data you
gathered from the experiment. Usually, these data or results are
presented in graphs or tables. The graphs and tables should be
described and the observations should be briefly stated. These graphs
and tables should be labeled properly.
6. Discussion

 The rest of the discussion should be discussed in the discussion


section. This section of the scientific report focuses of the analyzing
and interpreting data part of the scientific method because this is
where the graphs and tables are analyzed and interpreted. This where
you connect your data to the scientific concept and explain what
happened during the investigation and the data trends that you
observe in your graphs and tables. This is also the part where you
explain the factors during the experiment such as the extraneous
variables you encountered during the scientific investigation.
7. Conclusion

 You can write this summary in the conclusion section. Furthermore,


you should also answer/mention your research aim here in the
conclusion section and mention which hypothesis was accepted. The
aim and hypothesis are also connected to the conclusion in such a way
that one research aim corresponds to one accepted hypothesis that
corresponds to one conclusion.
8. Recommendation

 The recommendation should be about what you would improve if


you’re going to repeat the investigation/ experiment. This is written
under the notion that someone else would try to repeat your
investigation. You write a recommendation as part of your
contribution as a researcher to help them not to repeat the same
mistakes and even guide them towards a better investigation based on
what you have experienced.
9. References

Lastly, do not forget to include the references. This


allows you to have a tailored library related to the
investigation which you can go back to anytime you
need resources.

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