RIZAL 2ND TRIP

TO ABROAD
Hong Kong and Macau • He sailed to Hong Kong through steamer “Zafiro” but had an emergency stopover in Amoy on February 7 because he was not feeling well, it was raining hard and heard that the city
was dirty. • On the next day, he landed in mainland Hong Kong and stayed at Victoria Hotel where he was welcomed by his Filipino friends like Jose Maria Basa, Balbino Mauricio and Manuel Yriarte
.

Rizal once visited Macau with Jose Ma. Basa (February 18) through the ferry steamer “Kiu-Kiang.”
• The two chose to stay at the home of Don Juan Francisco Lecaros. • After visiting casinos,
churches, botanical garden and witnessing a Catholic processions for two days, they retuned to
Hong Kong.

Rizal’s experiences in Hong Kong • to see a Chinese New Year • to watch Chinese theatre • to be
with the Marathon Lauriat party • to observe the Dominicans in Hong Kong • to go to Hong Kong
cemeteries Rizal left Hong Kong on board the Oceanic, an American steamer on February 22,
1888 to his destination, Japan.
 Japan •

On February 28, 1888, he reached Yokohama, Japan and registered at the Grand Hotel. •
From March 2-7, Rizal stayed in Tokyo Hotel. • Then, he met Juan Perez Caballero, the
secretary of Spanish legation, he decided to live in a Spanish legation in Tokyo with
Caballero. He knew that Spanish diplomatic authorities from Manila were monitoring his
movements in Japan.
Rizal was embarrassed during his first walks in Tokyo because he did not know the
Japanese language. • He experienced to hear a Tokyo band that plays European music,
and he discovered that some of its members were Filipinos. • Rizal’s impression in Japan:
the beauty of the country, the cleanliness, politeness and industry of the Japanese, the
picturesque dress and simple charm of the Japanese women, there were very few thieves
in Japan and beggars were merely seen in the city streets.
Rizal met O-Sei-San (Usui Seiko). This lady taught him different Japanese words, acted as
the hero’s tour guide in different shrines and villages, interpreter and tutor. • Later,
became lovers but Rizal left her to fulfill his required travel to Spain in April 1888. Rizal
quoted on his diary; “Japan has enchanted me. The beautiful scenery, the flowers, the
trees, and the inhabitants, so peaceful, so courteous, and so pleasant. O-Sei-San,
Sayonara, Sayonara!”
Through the vessel “Belgic” Rizal met and befriended Tetcho Suehiro,
a human rights fighter who, requested by the Japanese Government to
flew. • During the trip to United States until the end of his tour in the
US, Rizal acted as an interpreter to Tetcho. • On December 1, 1888 the
two parted their ways and Rizal remained in London to conduct his
historical researches at British Museum while Tetcho returned back to
Japan.
9. United States • Rizal first saw the soil of United States on April 28,
1888 at San Francisco, California through the ship Belgic but
quarantined for a week because of Cholera outbreak in Asia. • In San
Francisco on May 4-6, 1888, Rizal registered at the Palace Hotel, a first
class hotel in the city.
10. • On May 6, Rizal visited Oakland and ate supper in Sacramento.
Next day, he took breakfast at Reno, Nevada, the “Biggest Little City in
the World.” • From May 7-11, Rizal visited the states of Utah, Colorado,
Nebraska, Illinois (Chicago) and New York where he saw the famous
Niagara Falls.
He stayed in New York from May 13- 16 and visited historical places like the memorial of George Washington and the Statue of Liberty.
• Rizal’s impression to US: -material progress of the country -the drive and energy of the American -the natural beauty of the land - high-standard of living - the opportunities for better life offered to poor immigrants - racial inequality
12. United Kingdom • Through the ship “City of Rome” on May 16, 1888 he left for London • On May 25, a day after docking at Liverpool, England and staying at Adelphi Hotel, Rizal went to London to stay at Antonio Ma. Regidor’s house. • But days passed, he transferred to Beckett Family’s boarding residence at No. 37 Chalcot Crescent, Primrose Hill. The eldest of the four daughters of the owner, Gertrude (Gettie or Tottie to his friends) became his girlfriend afterwards.
13. • He befriended Dr. Reinhold Rost, a Malayan language expert. The linguist’s personal Filipiniana library was visited by Rizal. • Dr. Rost called Rizal as “Una Perla de Hombre” (A Pearl of Man) because of his perseverance in studying.. Rizal received several bad news such as; 1. persecution of the Filipino patriots who signed the “Anti-friar Petition of 1888” 2. persecution of Calamba tenants 3. attacks on Rizal by Senators Salamanca and Vida in Spanish Cortes and by
Wenceslao Retana and Pablo Feced 4. the exile of his brother-in-law, Manuel Hidalgo to Bohol and the arrest of his friend Laureano Viado
15. • Only one good thing he received from Mariano Ponce; the defense of Father Vicente Garcia on his novel against the attacks of the friars. • From May 1888 to March 1889 Rizal to annotate the work of Antonio de Morga in 1609, “Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas” at British Library Museum.
He had frequently visits to Paris and Spain. In September 1888, Rizal visited Paris to search for historical materials in Bibliotheque Nationale. At this moment also, he met Juan Luna, his wife and they little son, Andres at French Metropolis. • In December 11, 1888, he visited Barcelona and Madrid to meet Marcelo H. Del Pilar and Mariano Ponce for the first time.
17. • Rizal’s Christmas in London (1888) was a memorable one together with the Beckett family. He gave a Christmas gift, bust of Emperor Augustus to Ferdinand Blumentritt and a bust of Julis Caesar to Dr. Carlos Czepelak. Then, Mrs. Beckett gave Rizal about a British magician.
18. • He became the “honorary president” of the patriotic society, “Asociacion La Solidaridad” in Spain on December 31, 1888 together with his fellow Filipinos like Galicano Apacible (president), Graciano Lopez Jaena (vice president), Manuel Santa Maria (secretary), Mariano Ponce (treasurer) and Jose Ma. Panganiban (accountant).
O

In February 15, 1889, La Solidaridad, the “organ” of the Propaganda Movement in Spain was founded by Graciano Lopez- Jaena. It’s aims were: 1. to work peacefully for political and social reforms 2. to portray the conditions of the Philippines 3. to advocate liberal ideas 4. to champion the legitimate aspirations of the Filipino people.
20. • Rizal also wrote many write-ups in London such as “La Revision del Fray Rodriguez” using his pen name “Dimasalang” and “Letter to the Young Women of Malolos” in February 22, 1889.
21. • As mentioned, Rizal and Gertrude Beckett became lovers. The lady helped Pettie (Rizal’s nickname for Gertrude) in mixing colors for painting and assisted him in preparing the clay for sculpturing. • But on March 19, 1889 Rizal bade goodbye to the lady and left London for Paris.
22. France • Rizal went to Paris but experienced difficulty of finding quarters but he lived in the house of Valentin Ventura at No. 45 Rue Maubeuge where he polished the annotation of Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. • Further he transferred to the house of Filipinos Captain Justo Trinidad (former Gobernadorcillo of Santa Ana, Manila) and Jose Albert (student from Manila).
23. • He visited his friends like Trinidad, Felix, Paz and Joaquin Pardo de Tavera, Valentin Ventura, Juan Luna, and the Boustead family. • On June 24, 1889, Rizal became the baptismal godfather of Juan and Paz’s second baby which he gave the name “Maria de la Paz Blanca Laureana Hermenegilda Juana Luna y Pardo de Tavera.”
Rizal was fascinated on the Paris Exposition which was opened on May 6 of the same year because he saw the Alexandre Gustave Eiffel’s work, Eiffel Tower. Together with his friends, Rizal attended the opening ceremonies of the event which was also seen by almost 200,000 persons.
25. • Besides, the exposition also held an international art competition were Felix Hidalgo won second, Juan Luna and Felix Pardo de Tavera both settled for third, but Rizal did not won.
26. • On March 19, 1889 he organized the group “Kidlat Club” as a social society aimed to bring together the young Filipinos in the exposition like Antonio and Juan Luna, Gregorio Aguilera, Julio Llorente, Pedro Roxas, Fernando Canon and Lauro Dimayuga. • “Indios Bravos” replaced “Kidlat Club” that aimed to excel the intellectual and physical prowess in
Judo, sword and pistol to win the admiration of the foreigners. This was inspired form the American Indians who were featured in a Buffalo Bull show.
Redencion de los Malayos was also founded by Rizal • It was a secret society mentioned only in two letters; “Rizal’s letter to Marcelo H. Del Pilar in Paris, dated November 4, 1889” and “Rizal’s letter to Jose Ma. Basa in Paris, dated September 21, 1889.” • It aimed the propagation of all useful knowledge in the Philippines in order to gain freedom not in the Philippines but possibly in Borneo. Likewise, it was
pattern after Freemasonry. • Rizal’s trusted friends became its members like Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Mariano Ponce, Gregorio Aguilera, Father Jose Maria Changco, Julio Llorente and Jose M. Basa.
28. • Rizal allegedly published the annotated Morga’s book in 1889 based on his letters to Blumentritt, Roxas, and Ponce. • Other than, he became a “historian” during his stay in Paris as he wrote several write-ups that depicts Philippine history: -“Mayi” (December 6, 1888) -“Tawalisi of Ibn Batuta” (January 7, 1889) -“Filipinas dentro de Cien Años” (December 1889), -“Sobre la Indolencia de los Filipinos”
(September 1890) -“La Politica Colonial on Filipinas” -“Manila en el mes Diciembre, 1872” -“Historia de la Familia Rizal de Calamba” -“Los Pueblos del Archipelago Indico”
B elgium • Rizal probed Belgium as accompanied by Jose Albert when he moved to Brussels. The two lived in a modest boarding house on 38 Rue Philippe Champagne which was run by Jacoby sisters (Suzanne and Marie). • Later, Albert left the city and was replaced by Jose Alejandrino, an engineering student in Ghent.
30. • Rizal was busy writing his second novel, articles in La Solidaridad, and also he established a medical clinic and a gymnasium • Rizal also busied himself in advocating the Filipinization of its orthography as he wrote the article “Sobre la Nueva Ortografia de la Lengua Tagala” in La Solidaridad (April 15, 1890). • Rizal mentioned that the Tagalog letters “k” and “w” should be used instead of Spanish “c” and “o.” (e.g. salakot- salacot/
araw-arao)
31. • On the time also, the Calamba Agrarian trouble became worse as the management of Dominican hacienda continually raised the land rents until such time that Rizal’s father refused to pay his rent. • Further, the Rizal Family was persecuted; his brother and his brothers-in-law Antonio Lopez and Silvestre Ubaldo were deported to Mindoro. Besides, Manuel Hidalgo was exiled to Bohol. Then, Rizal planned to go home .
After several moments, he went back to Madrid to seek help for Marcelo H. Del Pilar about
their family problem in July 1890. • Rizal also heard the news about Leonor Rivera’s marriage
to Henry Charles Kipping.
34. • On the other hand, during his summer time in 1890 at Brussels, Rizal fell in love with the
niece of Jacoby sisters, Petite Susanne despite being engaged to Leonor Rivera. Then, Rizal
chose to go with faraway in Madrid in July 1890, Suzanne could not forget him.
35. Spain • Rizal experienced “Misfortunes” First, the failure to get justice for his family even
called on the Ministerio de Ultramar but his pleas were not heard. Second misfortune
happened was the death of Jose Ma. Panganiban when Rizal wrote a great eulogy expressing
how great Panganiban was and how unfortunate Philippines because of his death.
36. The third disaster happened was his aborted duel with Antonio Luna. It was happened
during a social gathering, Luna became drunk and uttered bad remarks against Nellie
Boustead for he was bitter that time. Rizal heard it and because he does not want women to be
disgraced, he challenged Luna to a fight. Rizal was better pistol shooter while Luna was
superior swordsman. Yet, when Luna became sober, he realized how foolish he did.
Immediately, he apologized to Rizal and the latter forgave making them good friend again.
The fourth misfortune was when Wenceslao Retana, wrote an article in La
Epoca, an anti-Filipino newspaper in Madrid that declares Rizal’s family was
ejected from Calamba because they did not pay their rents. • Rizal, after
hearing the insult was enraged and challenged Retana to a duel. • Further,
Retana published a retraction and an apology in the same newspaper.
Eventually, he developed a great admiration for Rizal and made the first
biography of the greatest Filipino hero.
38. • The last misfortune happened was the unwanted rivalry between Rizal
and Del Pilar because of Del Pilar’s editorial policy of La Solidaridad •
December 1890, Rizal and his colleagues objected to the periodical’s editorial
policy that contradicted Rizal’s views in political aspect. • Almost ninety
Filipinos met on January 1, 1891 and it was agreed to have an election to elect
the “Responable” in order to determine the editorial policy that will be guide
the entire publication.
To win, they would need two-thirds of the participants vote, then, Rizal won the
first two elections but did not reach two-thirds of the participants vote. • With
the exception of, Rizal declined the leadership because he knew there were
Pilaristas who didn't like his views and personalities.
40. • In February 1891, Rizal visited Biarritz, France and welcomed by
Boustead family. He also visited different beaches from Atlantic Ocean. • Rizal
fell in love with Nellie, one of the daughters of Mr. Boustead as he saw this girl
like a real Filipina, intelligent and vivacious.
41. • Unfortunately, the seems to be a love story of the two ended because
Rizal’s marriage proposal did not materialize for two reasons; 1. he refused to
give up his Catholic faith and be converted to Protestantism and 2. Nellie’s
mother disapproved of Rizal as his son-in-law.
42. • His second novel was finished in the same place on March 29, 1891. Then,
after a day, he bade farewell to the Boustead family and proceeded to Paris via
train. By middle of April 1891, he went back to Brussels, Belgium to visit
Jacoby sisters.
In January 1891, Rizal retired from the Propaganda Movement because of the intrigues that
he may encounter if he continued his presence. • Rizal also stopped his writing in La
Solidaridad. On the other hand, Del Pilar wrote Rizal on August 7, 1891 begging forgiveness
for any resentment and requesting him (Rizal) to resume his writings in the publication.
However, Rizal refused and explained that he wants to focus on his writing of the second novel
44. • May 30, 1891, the final revisions for El Filibusterismo was done in Brussels but he wrote
to his friend Jose Ma. Basa that the novel was ready to go to press but encountered financial
problems in terms of very costly printing presses in the city. • On July 5, Rizal left Brussels to
live in Ghent by means of two reasons: the cost of printing in Ghent was cheaper than in the
Brussels and another reason was to escape from the attraction of Petite Susanne.
45. • In Ghent, he met Jose Alejandrino and Edilberto Evangelista who were students in the
University of Ghent. • Rizal and Alejandrino shared in a room with a box of biscuits as part of
their “merienda.” • In Ghent, Rizal found a printing press that offered an installment basis but
only half of the El Filibusterismo was printed, the F. Meyer Van Loo Press located at No. 66
Viaanderen Street.
46. • Rizal wrote a letter to Jose Basa in Hong Kong about his frustration of lacking of funds. •
Basa offered some money and his friend Rodriguez (amount of P200). On August 6, the
printing had to be suspended because of the required necessary funds to further. • Valentin
Ventura in Paris learned of Rizal’s predicament and immediately sent him the necessary funds.
Finally, the novel came off the press on September 18, 1891. • Rizal
generously sent the original manuscript to Ventura and other two
copies to Hong Kong, one for Basa and other was for Sixto Lopez. •
Other than, Rizal decided to go back to the Philippines because of
agrarian issues in Calamba.
48. • Rizal bounded to Hong Kong through the steamer SS
Melbourne in November 20, 1891 and welcomed by Jose Ma. Basa. •
Likewise, he established his residence on No. 2 Rednaxela Terrace,
Hong Kong where he opened also his medical clinic.
49. • Rizal wrote to his parents, asking permission to go home, but
his brother-in-law Manuel Hidalgo wrote him and revealed the
despair and sorrow of Rizal family because of the deportation of
twenty-five persons from Calamba including his family. •
Subsequently, even being deported to other place, Rizal family
including Silvestre Ubaldo (Rizal’s brother-in- law) had a family
reunion on Christmas of 1891. This was the happiest Yuletide
celebration in Rizal’s life.
50. •
• As he practiced Ophthalmology on his clinic in Hong Kong to live with his family, he
befriended Dr. Lorenzo P. Marques who helped him to build up a wide clientele. He
operated his mother again and he had foreign clients like British, Chinese, Portuguese and
Americans. • Through his Ophthalmic excellence, he was commended by Dr. Ariston
Bautista Lin, Don Antonio Vergel de Dios and Dr. Geminiano de Ocampo.
51. • At the start of January 1892, Rizal visited Sandakan, Malaysia through the ship
“Menon.” • This journey was for his plan to establish a Filipino colony in North Borneo
(Sabah) after Governor Valeriano Weyler persecuted Calamba men. He negotiated to
British people about the plan in March 7, 1892.
52. • This mission was successful as the British authorities were willing to give the Filipino
colonist 100,000 acres of land, a beautiful harbor and good government for 999 years,
free for all charges. On April 20, he went back to Hong Kong. • The project was supported
by his friends like Luna brothers, Lopez Jaena, Blumentritt and Bautista Lin. But his
brother-in-law Hidalgo did not agree because he believed that they must not leave a
beautiful country like the Philippines and because of other people that might say.
Through a letter, Rizal asked the new Governor General Eulogio
Despujol about the proposal in Borneo Colonization project. But
the governor did not recognize his letter. • After three months, Rizal
wrote a second letter dated March 21, 1892 requesting the governor.
• The governor general notified the Spanish consul general in Hong
Kong to tell Rizal that he could not approve his request because he
said that “Philippines lacked laborers.”
54. • Despite being busy as a doctor and advocate for Borneo
project, Rizal wrote several write-ups such as “Ang Mga Karapatan
Nang Tao” (translation of French “The Rights of Man”), “A La
Nacion Española” (depicts wrong doings of Spaniards in Calamba)
and “Sa Mga Kababayan” (explained the Calamba agrarian issue).
• For the third time, Rizal wrote a letter to the Governor General Despujol
on June 21, 1892 informing the official that he will go to the Philippines
and requesting the Spanish government to place him under protection. •
Yet, after Rizal’s departure to Hong Kong in June 21, 1892, the Spanish
consul in Hong Kong sent a secret telegram to Governor General
Despujol saying that the “Rat is on trap.” • Moreover, a secret case was
filed in Manila against Rizal and his followers for “anti-religious and anti-
patriotic agitation."