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01-04 B Metric System

The document discusses the International System of Units (SI), also known as the metric system, which is used by scientists worldwide for scientific measurements. It lists the basic SI units for measuring length, mass, volume, time, and temperature. Common prefixes and their meanings are provided to indicate multiplying or dividing the basic units by powers of ten. Examples are given for converting between metric units using the "metric sidewalk" method of moving the decimal place right or left. [END SUMMARY]

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Rita Ratola
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100 views

01-04 B Metric System

The document discusses the International System of Units (SI), also known as the metric system, which is used by scientists worldwide for scientific measurements. It lists the basic SI units for measuring length, mass, volume, time, and temperature. Common prefixes and their meanings are provided to indicate multiplying or dividing the basic units by powers of ten. Examples are given for converting between metric units using the "metric sidewalk" method of moving the decimal place right or left. [END SUMMARY]

Uploaded by

Rita Ratola
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCIENTIFIC

MEASUREMENT
[THE METRIC SYSTEM]

International System of Units (SI) -


measurement system used by scientists
around the world to express
measurements made in scientific
investigations [the Metric System].
 Scientists all over the world know and
use the metric system.
 Below is a list of the basic units of
the metric system (SI system) and
the commonly used prefixes with
their meanings.
What units are used when
measuring objects?
 Basic SI units:
– meters (m) - length
– grams (g) - mass
– liters (L) – volume
– seconds (s) – time
– Celsius degree (oC.) –
temperature
 Prefixes: see table →
 The metric system is used
for all over the world
(except the USA)
 Used for all SCIENTIFIC
measurements (incl. the
USA)
 SI stands for…
Systeme Internationale
BASIC UNITS OF THE
METRIC SYSTEM
BASIC UNIT PROPERTY
MEASURED
meter (m) length

gram (g) Mass

liter (L) Volume

second (s) Time

Celsius degree (Co) temperature


COMMON PREFIXES AND
THEIR MEANINGS
PREFIX MEANING
(abbreviation)
kilo – (k) 1,000 ( 1 thousand)
hecto – (h) 100 (1 hundred)
deca- or deka- (da or 10 (ten)
dk)
deci- (d) 0.1 ( tenth)
centi- (c) 0.01 (1 hundreth)
milli- (m) 0.001 (1 thousandth)
How are we going to
remember this???
 King
 Henry’s
 darned
 MONEY (GOLD, LOOT)
 didn’t
 come
 Monday.
How do we convert in the
Metric system?

 Walk along the “Metric Sidewalk…..”


THE METRIC SIDEWALK:

k h da or dk (unit) d c m

-Move decimal point to the RIGHT


if you walk to the RIGHT.

- Move the decimal point to the


LEFT if you walk to the LEFT.
PRACTICE:

1. 23.675 cm = _____________
0.0023675
hm
2. 56 dm = _____________
560 cm
3. 14.356 mg = _____________
0.00014356 hg
12,000
4. 12 kL = _____________ L
5. 6.98 hg = _____________
698,000 mg
6. 9m = _____________
0.009 km
0.00006854
7. 6.854 cL = _____________ kL
More Practice:
0.0365
8. 3.65 mg = _____________ dg
0.09987
9. 9.987 g = _____________ hg
10. 12.203 km = _____________
12,203,000 mm
More Practice! Quiz
Tomorrow!!!
 1. 8.92 m = ________________ cm

 2. 5000 cm = _______________ m

 3. 5 km = __________________ m

 4. 39,000 hm = _____________ m
Even more practice!

 Kim and Meghan live on opposite sides


of town. On Sundays they ride their
bicycles and meet at the soccer field.
Kim rides 2.3 km, and Meghan rides
2129 m.
– (a) Who has the longer ride? __________
– (b) How did you figure this out.
Temperature Scales

 Fahrenheit – used in USA


 FP of water = 32 oF.
 BP of water = 212 oF.
 Room temp. = 67 oF.
 Body temp. = 98.6 oF.
Temperature Scales

 Celsius (Centigrade) – used


everywhere else
 FP of water = 0 oC.
 BP of water = 100 oC.
 Room temp. = 20 oC.
 Body temp. = 37 oC.
Temperature Scales

 Kelvin – degrees above absolute zero


 FP of water = 273 oC.
 BP of water = 373 oC.
 0 K = -273 oC.
 O K = -460 oF.
Measuring Mass

 Triple-beam balance
 First zero the balance
 Move sliders; make it balance
 Measure to nearest 0.01 g
How could you measure
the mass of a liquid?
 Step 1 –  Meas. mass of
grad. cylinder
 Step 2 –  Put liq. in
 Step 3 –  Meas. mass of
grad. cyl. plus liq.
 Step 4 –  Subtract
 Step 5 –  Add correct units
Measuring Volume of a liquid

 Graduated cylinder
 NOT a beaker!!!!!
 Read at eye level
 Bottom of meniscus
 1 ml = 1 cm3
Measuring Volume of a solid

 Cube: V = l3
 Right rectangular prism: V = l w h
 Cylinder: V = (4/3) π r2 h
 Cone: V = (1/3) π r2 h
 Sphere: V = (4/3) π r3
 Irregular solid: use the water
displacement method!

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