Presentation 2

SIGMUND FREUD'S
PSYCOANALYTIC THEORY
Group 3
4CL TIDAL
4CL SOLIS
4CL BANAAG
4CL LLORENTE
WHAT IS PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY?
• Psychoanalytic Theory is part of a collection of psychological

theories and therapeutic techniques originating in the works
of Sigmund Freud, who developed Psychoanalytic Theory,
coining the term ''psychoanalysis'' in 1896. The theory
encompasses the idea that all people have unconscious
thoughts, memories, emotions, and desires, and that therapy
should be used to access the mind's repressed feelings and
experiences. Only then will the patient experience cathartic
healing of the mind.
• In addition to Sigmund Freud, there have been many
significant contributors in the field of Psychoanalytic Theory:
• Hermann Rorschach- developed the Rorschach Test in 1921
• Anna Freud- Sigmund Freud's daughter, who was an author
and a Psychoanalyst primarily in the field of child psychology
• Carl Jung- former President of the International Psychoanalytic
Association, a supporter of some of Freud's theories, and
creator of his own Psychoanalytic Theory with some
similarities to Freud's but stating that psychic energy and not
sexual energy was the motive for certain behaviors
• Erik Erikson- best known for the development of the Identity
Crisisand his lifespan of human development
• Erich Fromm- a social psychologist and psychoanalyst who was
critical of Freud's work and believed that freedom was an
inherent part of human nature.
SIGMUND FREUD
• Sigmund Freud was the creator of psychoanalysis, a treatment

for mental illness, and the developer of human behavior
theories. Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory states that
human personalities evolve through a series of phases: the Id,
the Ego, and the Superego. According to Freud, these phases
are developed by the unconscious mind's inner struggles; he
theorized that there are three levels of consciousness:
consciousness, preconsciousness, and unconsciousness. He
believed these three levels also influenced the Id, the Ego, and
the Superego. Most of his research was based on his
observations in the field of hysteria, now called post-
traumatic stress syndrome.
FREUD'S PSYCHOANALYTIC
THEORY OF PERSONALITY
• Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory of
Personality states that there are three separate aspects of
human personality that work together to form its substance:
the Id, the Ego, and the Superego. These Freudian
personality types form the basis of human thoughts and
emotions, beginning in the mind and emerging through
psychoanalytic therapy and drawing on the patient's
expression of past experiences that may have been repressed.
Freud's process of delving into the minds of his patients
included such techniques as inkblots, dream analysis, free
association, and parapraxes, also known as Freudian Slips.
RORSCHACH TEST
• The Rorschach test is a projective psychological test in which subjects' perceptions
of inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using psychological interpretation,
complex algorithms, or both. Some psychologists use this test to examine a
person's personality characteristics and emotional functioning.
• The Mind
THE MIND
• Freud believed that a person's ego operates in three states of the
mind: conscious, presconscious, and unconscious. The conscious
consists of the meager amount of mental activity of which humans are
aware. The preconscious is made up of things we could be aware of if we
made the effort. The unconscious is comprised of things we are not
aware of and do not have the capability to become so.
• Freud's model of the mind as an iceberg places the conscious at the
iceberg's tip; it includes the thoughts and events that are our current
focus. The preconscious consists of everything we can recover from our
memories; it is the level below the conscious. Below that lies the
unconscious, where everything we can never be aware of is stored:
memories, instincts, and a variety of fears. At the base of the iceberg, the
Id resides, an extension of the unconscious mind that is home to the two
types of instincts: Eros (life instinct) and Thanatos (death instinct). These
two instincts battle one another in the psyche's battle to survive and to
self-destruct, coming into play in Freud's Drive Theory.
THE ID
• The Id
• The Id is the part of the human mind that contains all of the
human mind's psychic energy, forming the personality's main
component and residing in the human mind since birth. The Id
is completely unconscious, based on the drive to survive, and
encompasses all of a person's behaviors, both primitive and
instinctive. An infant and its refusal to quiet until its needs are
met, particularly hunger or thirst, is a solid example of the Id,
its derivation from the pleasure principle, and its impact on
daily life.
• The Ego
THE EGO
• According to Freud, the Ego is derived from the Id and bears
the responsibility of providing the mind's ability to cope with
reality. The Ego's operation is based on the reality principle,
which attempts to quench the Id's desires in realistic ways by
weighing both the pros and cons of impulses before deciding
to either satisfy or discard them. The Ego also
contains defense mechanisms, which are ways that it
safeguards the mind from anxiety. The Ego might present
itself while a person is sick and in the hospital. The patient
might want to go home, believing there is nothing wrong, so
the Ego would decide that the patient should remain in the
hospital to get well instead of leaving and prolonging the
• The Superego
THE SUPEREGO
• Emerging at five years of age, the Superego a person's sense
of right and wrong as learned from parents and society. It
contains two parts: the conscience and the ego ideal. The
conscience contains thoughts of unacceptable behavior,
possible punishments, and guilty feelings. The ego ideal is
made up of the behavioral standards that the ego aims to
exhibit. The ego acts as a suppressant for those behaviors,
attempting to civilize human thoughts and actions. If a person
is in a hurry and is tempted to drive through a red light, the
Superego would work to influence that person to stop by
reminding them of the potential for an accident by disobeying
the traffic light's command to stop.
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SIGMUND FREUD'S

• Psychoanalytic Theory is part of a collection of psychological

• Sigmund Freud was the creator of psychoanalysis, a treatment

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