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    Towhid JKL Math 2

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    MD Sabbir
    The document discusses polynomials and their properties. It defines a polynomial as an expression constructed from variables and constants using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and exponents. Polynomials appear in many areas of mathematics and science. The document then discusses different types of polynomials including linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomials. It also covers finding the value of a polynomial, zeros of a polynomial, and the division algorithm for polynomials.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Towhid JKL Math 2

    Uploaded by

    MD Sabbir
    19 views15 pages
    The document discusses polynomials and their properties. It defines a polynomial as an expression constructed from variables and constants using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and exponents. Polynomials appear in many areas of mathematics and science. The document then discusses different types of polynomials including linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomials. It also covers finding the value of a polynomial, zeros of a polynomial, and the division algorithm for polynomials.

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    Towhid Jkl Math 2

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    The document discusses polynomials and their properties. It defines a polynomial as an expression constructed from variables and constants using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and exponents. Polynomials appear in many areas of mathematics and science. The document then discusses different types of polynomials including linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomials. It also covers finding the value of a polynomial, zeros of a polynomial, and the division algorithm for polynomials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    19 views15 pages

    Towhid JKL Math 2

    Uploaded by

    MD Sabbir
    The document discusses polynomials and their properties. It defines a polynomial as an expression constructed from variables and constants using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and exponents. Polynomials appear in many areas of mathematics and science. The document then discusses different types of polynomials including linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomials. It also covers finding the value of a polynomial, zeros of a polynomial, and the division algorithm for polynomials.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    NEW HORIZON SCHOOL

    CHAPTER : TWO
    CHAPTER NAME : POLYNOMIALS
    CLASS : 9
    In mathematics, a polynomial is an expression of finite length
    constructed from variables and constants, using only the operations
    of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and non-negative, whole-
    number exponents. Polynomials appear in a wide variety of areas of
    mathematics and science. For example, they are used to form
    polynomial equations, which encode a wide range of problems, from
    elementary word problems to complicated problems in the sciences;
    they are used to define polynomial functions, which appear in
    settings ranging from basic chemistry and physics to economics and
    social science; they are used in calculus and numerical analysis to
    approximate other functions.
    Let x be a variable n, be a positive
    integer and as, a1,a2 ,….a nbe constants
    (real nos.)
    Then, f(x) = a xnn+ a xn-1
    n-1+….+a x+x
    1 o

     anxn,a n-1
    xn-1,….a x 1and a areo known as
    the terms of the polynomial.
     a ,a ,an-2,….a and1 a are their
    n n-1 o
    coefficient
    s.

    For example:
    • p(x) = 3x – 2 is a polynomial in variable x.
    • q(x) = 3y2 – 2y + 4 is a polynomial in variable y.
    • f(u) = 1/2u3 – 3u2 + 2u – 4 is a polynomial in variable u.
    •A polynomial of degree 1 is called a Linear
    Polynomial. Its general form is ax+b where a is not
    equal to 0
    •A polynomial of degree 2 is called a Quadratic
    Polynomial. Its general form is ax3+bx2+cx, where a
    is not equal to zero
    •A polynomial of degree 3 is called a Cubic
    Polynomial. Its general form is ax3+bx2+cx+d,
    where a is not equal to zero.
    •A polynomial of degree zero is called a Constant
    Polynomial
    LINEAR POLYNOMIAL
    For example:
    p(x) = 4x – 3, q(x) = 3y are linear
    polynomials.
    Any linear polynomial is in the form
    ax + b, where a, b are real
    nos. and a ≠ 0.

    QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL
    For example:

    f(x) = √3x2 – 4/3x + ½, q(w) = 2/3w2 + 4

    are quadratic polynomials with real

    coefficients.
    CUBIC POLYNOMIAL

    For example:

    f(x) = 9/5x3 – 2x2 + 7/3x _1/5

    is a cubic polynomial in variable x.

    CONSTANT POLYNOMIAL

    For example:
    If(x) = 7, g(x) = -3/2, h(x) = 2
    are constant polynomials.
    VALUE OF POLYNOMIAL
    If f(x) is a polynomial and y is
    any real no. then real no.
    obtained by replacing x by y in
    f(x) is called the value of f(x)
    at x = y and is denoted by f(x).

    ZEROES OF POLYNOMIAL

    A real no. x is a zero of the


    polynomial f(x),is f(x) = 0
    Finding a zero of the
    polynomial means solving
    polynomial equation f(x) = 0.
    α + β = - coefficient of x
    Coefficient of x2
    = -
    b
    a
    αβ = constant term
    Coefficient of x2

    = c
    a
    α+β+γ= -Coefficient of x2 =
    -b
    Coefficient of x3 a

    αβ + βγ + γα = Coefficient of x =
    c
    Coefficient of x3 a

    αβγ = - Constant term = d


    Coefficient of x3 a
    DIVISION
    ALGORITHM
    •ON FINDING THE
    QUOTIENT AND
    •If f(x) and g(x) are REMAINDER USING
    DIVISION ALGORITHM.
    any two polynomials
    with g(x) ≠ 0,then we
    can always find •ON CHECKING WHETHER
    polynomials q(x), and A GIVEN POLYNOMIAL IS
    r(x) such that : A FACTOR OF THE OTHER
    POLYNIMIAL BY APPLYING
    THEDIVISION
    ALGORITHM
    F(x) = q(x) g(x) +
    r(x),
    Where r(x) = 0 or •
    degree r(x) < THE
    degree ON FINDINGZEROES
    REMAINING THE OF A
    •ON VERYFYING POLYNOMIAL WHEN SOME
    gD(IxV)ISION ALGORITHM
    OF ITS ZEROES ARE GIVEN.
    FOR POLYNOMIALS.

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