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DRAFTING MATERIALS
Are consumable drawing items .
DRAWING PAPER This type does not groove easily when pressure is applied to the pencil.
Oslo paper is commonly used but bond paper is
also recommended. MASKING TAPE This is used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing table or drawing board because it does not damage the board and it will not damage the paper if it is removed by pulling it off. ERASER This is used to clean the dirt off the drawing. A soft eraser is advantageous in removing smudges and pencil marks, whereas, a harder eraser is useful for making changes and correcting errors in the drawing. DRAWING PENCIL This is one of the most important tools in drawing. It comes in various grades. The grade of pencil to be used depends on the quality of paper to be used. You have to take into consideration also the type of line work required. Hard pencils – are used where extreme accuracy is required especially working on graphs, diagrams and charts. Medium pencils – are used for general purpose work in drawing. Soft pencils – are too soft to be used in mechanical drafting. They are very useful for art work of various kinds MECHANICAL PENCIL It is used to project lines and sketch drawing. DRAFTING TOOLS Implements that are durable permanent and are hand held. TRIANGULAR SCALE This is a tool generally used when reproducing a drawing in an enlarged or reduced form to some regular proportion. The architect’s scale is the most commonly used for general drawing. Its main function is to reproduce the measurements of an object in full size, reduced size, and enlarged size ERASING SHIELD This tool is made up of metal with irregular holes.
It is a useful tool to protect the rest of the
drawing when clearing up smudges, unnecessary pencil lines and other erasures. T- SQUARE It is a drawing instrument used when making horizontal lines. It is also used for guiding triangles when drawing vertical lines. It is made of wood, plastic or the combination of both. There are three (3) types of T-square, namely :
1. Fixed Head. The head is fastened to the blade. It is
used for ordinary work. 2. Movable Head or Adjustable Head. It has one fixed and one adjustable head and used only for occasional drawing. 3. Detachable Head or Removable Head. It is designed for comfort when carrying the T-square. COMPASS This drawing instrument is used when drawing arcs and circles. It is used in a similar way to a divider. It is composed of one with the pen leg and the needle point leg being held together with a handle. This drawing instrument can be used for both penciling and inking. PROTRACTOR It is a semi-circular instrument divided into 180 equal parts, each of which is called a degree. It is used to determine gradations of the degrees when measuring arcs, angles and circles. High quality protractor is usually made of plastic. DIVIDER This is a drawing instrument used when transferring measurements, dividing lines and arcs into the desired number of equal parts. It can easily transfer accurate measurements by adjusting the divider points. Constant correct practice is necessary before doing an actual work for a quick and easy control when use. DRAFTING EQUIPMENT Are the item which are more or less durable and permanent needed. DRAWING TABLE/BOARD A portable board made of softwood wherein a drawing paper is fastened on top. Their working edge should be perfectly straight and their surface is trim and smooth. Direction: Select the drafting material and tool/drawing applicable to a specific job.
1. A drafting tool used for drawing horizontal lines
A. Compass B. Triangle C. T- square D. Triangular Scales 2. Drafting material used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing table A. Compass B. Divider C. Masking Tape D. Triangle 3. The main function of this tool is to reproduce the measurements of an object to any size. A. Compass B. Protractor C. Triangle D. Triangular Scales 4. This drafting tool is used to protect the rest of the drawing when removing unnecessary lines. A. Erasing Shield B. Eraser C. Masking Tape D. Pencil Sharpener 5. This drafting tool is used when drawing vertical lines. A. Compass B. Triangle C. Triangular Scales D. Ruler Direction:
Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of the
correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B 6. Type of pencils when extreme A. Eraser accuracy is required. 7. Used to clean the dirt off the drawing B. Medium pencils 8. An instrument used for transferring measurements C. Protractor 9. Type of pencils used for general purpose in drawing D. Divider 10. Best tool when measuring arcs, angles and circles E. Hard pencils F. Triangle
