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3-Objectives of The Simulation Study

The document outlines the key steps of a reservoir simulation study: 1) Statement of objectives to determine forecasts, drilling needs, and evaluation. 2) Reservoir characterization of fluids, rocks, and geology to capture features affecting flow. 3) Model selection of process, functionality, scope, dimensionality, and grid based on objectives. 4) Model construction by transforming data into a simulation grid format and scaling properties. 5) Validation by initializing pressures/saturations, matching model to field performance over time. 6) Predictions through sensitivity runs using bracketing to identify limitations and parameter impacts.

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71 views16 pages

3-Objectives of The Simulation Study

The document outlines the key steps of a reservoir simulation study: 1) Statement of objectives to determine forecasts, drilling needs, and evaluation. 2) Reservoir characterization of fluids, rocks, and geology to capture features affecting flow. 3) Model selection of process, functionality, scope, dimensionality, and grid based on objectives. 4) Model construction by transforming data into a simulation grid format and scaling properties. 5) Validation by initializing pressures/saturations, matching model to field performance over time. 6) Predictions through sensitivity runs using bracketing to identify limitations and parameter impacts.

Uploaded by

qazwsx
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

OBJECTIVE OF THE

SIMULATION STUDY

01/17/23 1
Introduction

The key steps of a reservoir study may be


summarized as follows:
•Statement of objectives.
•Reservoir characterization.
•Model Selection.
•Model construction.
•Validation.
•Predictions.

01/17/23 2
Step1: Statement of Objectives

A clear statement of objectives is the most


important step in a study.

Some study objectives include the determination of:


•Pressure and production forecasts.
•Infill drilling requirements.
•Lease-line migration.
•Workover potential evaluation.

A model may be appropriate for one objective but


totally inappropriate for another.

01/17/23 3
Step 2: Reservoir Characterization ( RC )

RC can be described as three different


independent components:

• 1. Fluid characterization.
• 2. Rock characterization.
• 3. Geologic modeling.

Purpose of RC: is to capture geologic and


petrophysical features which affect reservoir
flow mechanism.

01/17/23 4
• RC must:

• Identify reservoir stratification and


communication.
• Define What constitutes pay and reservoir
rock.
• Establish reservoir quality.
• Identify contrasting lithologic zones.
• Identify reservoir boundary conditions.

01/17/23 5
Step 3: Model Selection
• The decisions need to be made in the
search for the correct model are:

• Process
• Functionality
• Scope
• Dimensionality
• Approach
• Grid selection

01/17/23 6
Process

This step entails identification of the


dominant process being modeled ( e.g.,
black-oil, compositional, or thermal.)

01/17/23 7
Functionality
Three broad categories exist:
•Energy Models: computation of reservoir fluids
(such as MB calculations).
•Front-Tracking Models: track the phase
distribution of reservoir fluids( such as pattern-
flood, coning, workover studies).
•Energy and Front-Tracking Models: compute both
reservoir pressures and fluid saturation
distributions in time ( such as evaluation primary
and secondary recovery programs).
Most reservoir engineering problems fall in the
third category.

01/17/23 8
Scope
Determine the model boundaries.

There are two choices:

•Full-Field Models (FFM): represent the entire


reservoir.
•Slice Models (SM): represent only a segment of the
full reservoir, therefore, require two assumptions:
fluxes across the SM boundaries are known and
results from the SM can be accurately scaled up to
full field.

01/17/23 9
Dimensionality

Model dimensionality can be 0-D, 1-D, 2-


D, 3-D, depending on:
•The objectives
•The reservoir mechanisms (e.g., coning,
cusping),
•The flow attributes (e.g., stratification).

01/17/23 10
Approach

There are two broad approaches:

•Actual models: represent the reservoir


characteristics based on real data.
•Conceptual models: use a more idealized
version of real data to achieve a simpler
representation of the reservoir.

01/17/23 11
Grid Selection

• The grid determination is an iterative


process of balancing available computing
capabilities with modeling needs.

• The functionality and dimensionality


define the number and coarseness of
the cells .

01/17/23 12
Step4: Model Construction

This step involves transformation of geologic and


petrophysical data into a simulation grid format.

Model properties have to be properly scaled-up to


cell dimension in use.

The basic geologic maps required are: porosity –


net and gross thickness – structure top – Swi – Kh
and Kv

01/17/23 13
Step5: Validation

• Initialization: reviewing the model and


calculations of initial pore volumes,
pressures, saturations, and original
fluids in place.
• Equilibrium: bringing the model to
equilibrium with respect to internal and
external boundary conditions.

01/17/23 14
• History Matching: to achieve match
between model and measured field
performance over a period of time at
known rates.

• Calibration: to match the well


performance with known backpressures.

01/17/23 15
Step6: Predictions
• Simulation models can yield reasonable
estimates of uncertainty in results.

• This can be achieved through


sensitivity runs using “ bracketing”
technique: identify model limitations –
identify key parameters – conduct
parameter sensitivity cases.

01/17/23 16

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