Risk Assesment

RISK ASSESMENT TRAINING
What is Risk Assessment?
Risk Assessment is a systematic approach to identify

hazards, evaluate risk and incorporate appropriate
measures to manage and mitigate risk for any work
process or activity.
WHY we need to do RA?
Protect Ourselves
• RA is key to prevention of accident
• Everyone deserve to go home safely at the end of
the day
Elevate safety awareness & ownership
• Aware of hazards, risks and controls and practicing
safe science
University and Faculty Procedures
Compliance with Regulations
Definition – HAZARD
“Source or situation or act with a potential for harm in terms

of human injury or ill health or a combination of these”
e.g. - Toxic or flammable substances, electric energy, working at heights etc.
Hazard is something that cause harm or injury.

Definition - RISK
•Combination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event

or exposure(s) and the severity of injury or ill health that may be
caused by the event or exposure(s)
•Likelihood that a hazard will cause a specific harm or injury to
person or damage property
Risk means the chance that someone will be

harmed by the hazard.
Risk = Hazard effect x Probability (likelihood
of Occurrence)
Risk Concepts
What can go Wrong
How likely is it? What are the Impacts
Risk Level
MANAGE RISK
Risk management also includes control and monitoring of risks, as
well as communicating these risks
Legal Requirement
Workplace Safety & Health Act
Effective onward.
The WSH Act is an essential part of the OSH

framework to cultivate good safety habits in all
individuals at the workplace.
It requires every person at the workplace to take

“reasonable practicable” steps to ensure the
safety and health of every workplace and worker.
Legal Requirement
Reasonable Practicable
Action is considered to be
practicable when it is
capable of being done.
RISK MAGEMEMENT REGULATIONS
Why is there a need for Risk Management Regulations ?
to hold stakeholders accountable for

managing the risks they create
to reduce risk at source
What is a hazard ?
 means anything with the potential to cause bodily injury
What is a risk ?
Means the likelihood that a hazard will cause a specific bodily injury to any person.
RISK CONTROL
What can be done to control risks in the workplace ?

Some measures are : ( from most to least preferred )
Elimination – eliminate the hazard from the workplace

Substitution - substituting a hazardous substance or
process with a less hazardous one.
Engineering controls - installing machine guarding or
enclosing a noisy machine.
Administrative controls - applying a permit-to-work system
or lock-out and tag-out procedures.
PPE - provision and use of these equipment, AND
SWP – Safe Work Procedures
RECORDS of RISK ASSESSMENT
How often must the risk assessment be reviewed ?
At least once every 3 years;

After an accident;
When there is significant change in work processes,
introduction of new machinery or chemicals;
Information on safety technology or requirement made
known
Risk Assessment Template
Risk Assessment Process
• IDENTIFY the hazards

• ASSESS the risks and available control measures
• MANAGE the risk
• CONTROL the risks through implementation of
appropriate control measures
• MONITOR the controls to evaluate their
effectiveness
• Communication of Risks & Controls
Risk Assessment Flowchart
Identify
2. Break Down into Successive 4. Potential Harm (Ill health
1. Selecting Experiments 3. Potential Hazards
Tasks condition)
Assess
5. Existing Control Measures 6. Evaluate Risk (Severity, Probability)
Manage Risk
8. Additional control measures
Review, Approval, Record Keeping and Document
7. Hazard Control (Responsible person,
Communicate Control
timeline)
IDENTIFY POTENTIAL HAZARDS
The most important step in any Risk Assessment -

hazards can only be controlled if they are identified
Equipment Procedures Agents

People Environment
Each step is analyzed for potential inherent hazards

Decision on the relevance of any particular hazard
come later in the risk assessment processes
What are the Hazards at your Location?
• Chemicals • Slips and trips

• Radiation • Falling hazard
• Fire • Ergonomics
• Electrical • Thermal
• Biological • Noise etc…
• Physical
Acute vs. Chronic Effects

IDENTIFY POTENTIAL HARM
Identify what are the adverse conditions may arise due the hazard
present in your experiments, laboratory or environment
 Identify Source of Harm  Injury
 First Aid Treatment
 Hazardous event or process  Visit Clinic/ hospital
 Hazardous substance  Admitted in Hospital
 Permanent damage
 Equipment
 Acute Vs Chronic Effects
 Identify who could be harmed  Lab Acquired Infection
 Researcher  Property Damage
 Others students  Breakage of glassware
 Equipment
 Contractor/supplier
 Furniture
 Visitor  Building
 Identify how harm could occur  Environmental Release
 Accidental fall from height  Release to Air
 Water
 Contact with corrosive chemicals  Waste materials - solid
Risk Evaluation
 Consider existing controls

• Engineering controls (Fume hood, glovebox, chains for
cylinder, others)
• Administrative controls (Signage, training, SOPs, others)
• Personal Protective Equipment
 Existing control will not change the severity but only
likelihood
 Severity & likelihood is based on 3 by 3 matrix and the
respective criteria specified
 Risk rating is the product of severity by likelihood
• Refer to acceptability criteria on the recommended action
for different risk rating
• For medium & high risk, additional controls will be
required
Risk Evaluation
Severity Categories & Description

Level Human (Impact to Biological Impact Environmental Property Damage
Physical Being) Damage (S$)
(1) Minor No Injury or light injury May not cause human disease, if does, the Reversible Up to $5,000
requiring only first aid disease is unlikely to spread to the community
treatment (MC < 4 days and there is usually effective prophylaxis or
MC) treatment available;
(2) Moderate Any injury/ill health Can cause severe human disease, not Reversible but $5,001 to $50,000
leading to ≥ 4 days MC ordinarily spread by casual contact from one takes years
or ≥ 1 day individual to another; it may spread to the
hospitalisation or leads community, but there is usually effective
to temporary disability prophylaxis or treatment available
(3) Major Fatality, permanent Can cause lethal human disease, may be Irreversible More than $50,000
Disability or life readily transmitted from one individual to
threatening disease another, or from animal to human or vice-versa
directly or indirectly, or casual contact, it may
spread to the community; usually no effective
prophylaxis or treatment available
Risk Evaluation
Likelihood Categories & Description
Level Events Frequency
(1) Remote Undesired event which may occur but unlikely, once in 5
years
(2) Possible Undesired event which is probable, once in a year
(3) Frequent Undesired event which probably occur in most

circumstances, once or more in a month
Risk Evaluation
Risk matrix to determine Risk Level

Risk Control
 Using Hierarchy of Controls to reduce the risk

 Using the concept of As Low As Reasonably Practicable
(ALARP)
Hierarchy of Risk Control Measures
Controls
Additional Controls
Responsible person and timeline
Additional control for risk rated more than 3 or

medium & high risk
• Reduce risk to as low as reasonably practicable
Who and When?
• Responsible person to implement the identified
control measures and
• Timeline for completion  update the risk
assessment upon completion of the additional
control measures
Record Keeping
1. Risk Assessment record has to be kept for at least 3 years under

the WHS Regulations requirement.
• Recommended to keep record as long as the process/activity is
still valid, before end of any product life cycle or to tie in with the
period other legislation requires pertaining to the particular
process/activity.
Implementation & Review
1. Management staff or Principle Investigator will need to approve the

implementation of control measures.
2. Monitoring of the process or activity has to be carried to ensure that
there is no residual risk or additional risk arising from the control
measures.
3. Risk assessors have to check or monitor the new implementation of
control measures and to communicate with respective lab or operational
personnel.
4. Review on Risk Assessment to be carried on the following basis:
- At lease once every three years base on legislative requirements
- After an accident/incident occurrence
- Any change in process or activity
ANY QUESTION?

Risk Assesment

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Risk Assesment

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What is risk assessment and why is it important?

What is risk assessment and why is it important?

What are hazards and risks?

What are hazards and risks?

RISK ASSESMENT TRAINING

What is Risk Assessment?

Risk Assessment is a systematic approach to identify

“Source or situation or act with a potential for harm in terms

Hazard is something that cause harm or injury.

•Combination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event

Risk means the chance that someone will be

What can go Wrong

How likely is it? What are the Impacts

Workplace Safety & Health Act

The WSH Act is an essential part of the OSH

It requires every person at the workplace to take

Why is there a need for Risk Management Regulations ?

to hold stakeholders accountable for

What can be done to control risks in the workplace ?

Elimination – eliminate the hazard from the workplace

How often must the risk assessment be reviewed ?

At least once every 3 years;

• IDENTIFY the hazards

The most important step in any Risk Assessment -

Equipment Procedures Agents

Each step is analyzed for potential inherent hazards

• Chemicals • Slips and trips

Acute vs. Chronic Effects

 Consider existing controls

Severity Categories & Description

Likelihood Categories & Description

Level Events Frequency

(3) Frequent Undesired event which probably occur in most

Risk matrix to determine Risk Level

 Using Hierarchy of Controls to reduce the risk

Responsible person and timeline

Additional control for risk rated more than 3 or

1. Risk Assessment record has to be kept for at least 3 years under

1. Management staff or Principle Investigator will need to approve the

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