11

DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS

IN APPLIED SOCIAL
SCIENCES
JOEL PHILLIP T. GRANADA
SPECIAL SCIENCE TEACHER I
RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF
COUNSELING FOR CLASS DISCUSSION
RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF COUNSELING

Every counselor experiences dilemma during sessions in one

time or another. There are times that his or her values,
principles and strength are being tested because of the
complexities of situations. But it should be remembered that
the success of a counseling process depends on how the
counselor could help his or her client get themselves in a better
situation.
RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF COUNSELING

It can be that the client was able to resolve his or her

concerns. It could be that the client has found a way
to face a situation. It could also be that a client has
found a way to get himself or herself out of a
problem or conflict.
RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF COUNSELING

Hans H. Strupp and Suzanne W Hadley proposed a

tripartite model of counseling outcomes. They are:
RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF COUNSELING

Here are some examples of positive results of a counseling process:

1. Increased skills in interpersonal communication
2. Improved interpersonal relationships
3. Decreased anxiety and depressive symptoms
4. Improved quality of life
5. Clarity of behavior towards well-being
6. Reduction of suicidal ideation
7. Improvement in emotional self-regulation
8. Reduction in substance misuse
PROCESSES AND METHODS
INVOLVED IN COUNSELING
PROCESSES AND METHODS INVOLVED IN COUNSELING

Counseling process and methods are planned and structured

dialogue between a counselor and a client. It is a cooperative
process where a counselor helps a client to identify sources of
difficulties or concerns that he or she is experiencing. Together,
they develop ways to deal with and overcome these problems.
It enables the client to have new set of skills and increased
understanding of themselves and others.
Step 1: Relationship Building
Step 2: Problem Assessment
Step 3: Goal Setting
Step 4: Counseling Intervention
Step 5: Evaluation/Termination or Referral
STEP 1: RELATIONSHIP BUILDING
a. Introduce yourself.
b. Invite client to sit down.
c. Ensure that client is comfortable
d. Invite social conversation to reduce anxiety.
e. Watch for non-verbal behavior as signs of client’s emotional state.
f. Indicate that you are interested in a person.
STEP 2: PROBLEM ASSESSMENT

a. Collect and classify information about the client’s life

and situation.
b. Find out the reason why the client is seeking
counseling.
c. Try to determine the client’s strengths and weaknesses.
STEP 3: GOAL SETTING

a. Establish goals that are feasible and measurable.

b. Define goals in explicit terms.
c. State goals in positive terms.
d. Emphasize the need for growth and development
during the process.
STEP 4: COUNSELING
INTERVENTION
There are different approaches that can be used as methods:
a. Person-centered Approach- Get involved by placing
emphasis on the relationship with the client that intervening.
b. Behavioral Approach- Initiate activities that help alter or
change the behavior of the client.
STEP 5: EVALUATION, TERMINATION OR REFERRAL

a. Terminate the counseling with sensitivity with the client

knowing that it will have to end.
b. Be mindful of avoiding fostering dependency in the part
of the client by empowering him or her.
c. Open door or plan for possibility of future need for
counseling.
Counseling offers a wide range of services to
individuals, groups, organizations, and communities.
In all the services, several processes are involved
from Needs Assessment to Intervention or Program
designing and a selection of several methods to carry
out the services properly.
CONDUCTING NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR INDIVIDUALS,
GROUPS, ORGANIZATIONS, AND COMMUNITIES
Since counseling is essentially an intervention, it is
important that counselors accurately understand the
needs of their clients. This also helps to align their
competencies ‘to the needs of individuals, groups,
organizations, and communities that they intend to
serve.
Needs assessments may range from a systematic observation
of symptoms to conducting formal surveys using a
questionnaire to determine the felt needs of the potential
clients. The results of the needs assessment will become the
basis to decide on the range of services to make available to
the clients as well as choice of processes to be followed.
In some cases, individual counseling may be made
while in some cases, group counseling may be
considered.
FOUR STAGES OF COUNSELING NEEDS ASSESSMENT

STAGE 1.Identifying Guiding Questions and Goals

FOUR STAGES OF COUNSELING NEEDS ASSESSMENT

STAGE 2: Identifying Populations to be Assessed

FOUR STAGES OF COUNSELING NEEDS ASSESSMENT

STAGE 3: Collecting Needs Assessment Data

FOUR STAGES OF COUNSELING NEEDS ASSESSMENT

STAGE 4: Analysis and Interpretation of Data

QUIZ TIME
1. Which manifests a society’s perspective in counseling?
a. The husband of the client feels that his wife’s treatment of him has
improved.
b. The people in the community observe an improved behavior of the
client.
c. The client feels that he has resolved his personal issues.
d. The counselor is happy about the result of the process.
2. Which manifests an increased interpersonal communication
by the client?
a. The client has become more open to his or her feelings.
b. The people in the community talk about the client.
c. The client asks more questions.
d. The client has become quiet.
3. Which model is used for evaluating results of counseling?
a. Duality Method
b. Multi-dimensional Model
c. Singularity Model
d. Tripartite Model
4. Which should be reduced as an evidence of
successful counseling?
a. Quality of life c. Substance misuse
b. Motivation to live d . Interpersonal
communication
5. Which can lead to a client’s well-being in the process of
counseling?
a. Clarity of behavior
b. Imbalance emotions
c. Substance misuse
d. Suicidal Ideation
6. Which process is involved in the collection and classification
of information about the client’s life situation?
a. Problem Assessment
b. Counseling Intervention
c. Relationship Building
d. Evaluation and Termination
7 How should terminating the counseling process be
conducted?
a. With jubilation c. With sadness
b. With sensitivity d. With humor
8. Which is an effective method used by the counselor in
Relationship Building?
a. Be conscious of your behavior.
b. Complain about the client’s behavior.
c. Indicate that you are interested in a person.
d. Talk fast so you can cover many topics and concerns.
9. Which intervention suggests that the counselor should get
involved by putting emphasis on the relationship with the client?
a. Community-centered Approach
b. Family-centered Approach
c. Outcome-based Approach
d. Person-centered Approach
10. Which should be the characteristics of a goal in counseling?
a. Attractive and financially rewarding
b. Creative and entertaining
c. Difficult and complicated
d. Feasible and measurable
11. Which is the best way to ensure that everything
planned is performed accordingly in counseling?
a. Compare and Contrast c. Production and Distribution
b. Monitoring and Evaluation d. Similarities and
Difference
12. Which is most effective in carrying out Needs
Assessment?
a. Crossword Puzzle c. Guiding Questions
b. Drawing Activity d. Intelligence Quotient Test
13. Which is the best next step after having
identified the needs of the client?
a. Counseling Action Cell c. Counseling Follow-up
b. Counseling Agenda d. Counseling Program
14. Which is an effective way of finding out the
counseling needs of individuals, groups,
organizations, and communities?
a. Needs Assumption c. Needs Interpretation
b. Needs Assessment d. Needs Prediction
15. Which is an essential means for collecting needs
assessment data?
a. Documentary Videos c. Survey Instruments
b. Published Books d. Yearbooks