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Lecture 3 - Min Heap and Max Heap

This document discusses min heaps and max heaps, which are binary heaps that satisfy different ordering properties. A min heap has the minimum value at the root and values greater than or equal to the parent node. A max heap has the maximum value at the root and values less than or equal to the parent node. Min and max heaps are commonly used to implement priority queues. The document provides examples of developing min and max heaps from sample data and inserting/deleting nodes while maintaining the heap property. Array implementation of heaps is also covered, where the root is at index 2 and child/parent indexes can be calculated from the node index.

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Arbaz Ali
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548 views28 pages

Lecture 3 - Min Heap and Max Heap

This document discusses min heaps and max heaps, which are binary heaps that satisfy different ordering properties. A min heap has the minimum value at the root and values greater than or equal to the parent node. A max heap has the maximum value at the root and values less than or equal to the parent node. Min and max heaps are commonly used to implement priority queues. The document provides examples of developing min and max heaps from sample data and inserting/deleting nodes while maintaining the heap property. Array implementation of heaps is also covered, where the root is at index 2 and child/parent indexes can be calculated from the node index.

Uploaded by

Arbaz Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Min Heap and Max Heap

By Ali Saeed
Definition
• A binary heap is a complete binary tree which
satisfies the heap ordering property. The
ordering can be one of two types:
– The min-heap property: the value of each node is
greater than or equal to the value of its parent,
with the minimum-value element at the root.
– The max-heap property: the value of each node is
less than or equal to the value of its parent, with
the maximum-value element at the root.
Application of Heap
• Min Heap and Max Heap are used to
implement a priority queue.
Examples
Development of Max-Heap
• Data: 15,7,12,28,36,1,37,13,4,25,3,9,27,2,5,16
Next Steps
Next Step
Next Step
Next Step
Class Exercise
• Develop Min-Heap of the following data:
• 13, 5 , 33, 90, 100, 10, 22, 18, 11, 43, 1
Class Exercise
• Develop Max-Heap of the following data:

• 10, 22, 18, 11, 43,1, 13, 5 , 33, 18, 90, 12


Insertion Data in Min Heap
• In Min Heap, minimum value is always on the
top
– Initially, the value is inserted at available place of
a complete binary tree.
– Next, the value is compared with the parent node
value. If the parent contain larger value, then the
nodes will be swaped.
Example of Insertion
Final Insertion
Class Exercise
• Insert -3 in previously developed Min-Heap
Delete data from Min heap
Another example of deletion
Array implementation of Heap
• The root is the second item in the array. We
skip the index zero cell of the array for the
convenience of implementation. Consider k-th
element of the array, the
– its left child is located at 2*k index
– its right child is located at 2*k+1. index
– its parent is located at k/2 index
Cont…

its left child is located at 2*k index


its right child is located at 2*k+1. index
its parent is located at k/2 index
Class Exercise

Parent of K?
Left Child of G?
Right Child of K?
Class Exercise
On which array index ,the right child of K will be stored?
Class Exercise
On which array index ,the right child of B will be stored?
Array implementation
Cont…
Cont…
Output of the code
Time Complexity of Min/Max Heap
• Thanks

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