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9.differential Coding of Audio

Differential coding exploits differences between audio samples to compress audio files. It stores differences between samples rather than raw audio values, since differences are usually smaller numbers that require fewer bits. Additionally, the histogram of a difference signal is more peaked around zero compared to the original signal, since adjacent samples are usually similar. This allows differential coding to assign shorter code words to more common difference values near zero and longer code words to rare differences, further reducing the file size.

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Natnel Tsehaye
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108 views

9.differential Coding of Audio

Differential coding exploits differences between audio samples to compress audio files. It stores differences between samples rather than raw audio values, since differences are usually smaller numbers that require fewer bits. Additionally, the histogram of a difference signal is more peaked around zero compared to the original signal, since adjacent samples are usually similar. This allows differential coding to assign shorter code words to more common difference values near zero and longer code words to rare differences, further reducing the file size.

Uploaded by

Natnel Tsehaye
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Differential Coding of Audi

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• Audio is often stored not in simple PCM but in a form that exploits
differences.
• For a start, differences will generally be smaller numbers and hence offer
the possibility of using fewer bits to store.
• An advantage of forming differences is that the histogram of a difference
signalis usually considerably more peaked than the histogram for the
original signal.
• For example, as an extreme case, the histogram for a linear ramp signal
that has constant slope is uniform, whereas the histogram for the
derivative of the signal (i.e., the differences, from sampling point to
sampling point) consists of a spike at the slope value.
• Generally, if a time-dependent signal has some consistency over time
(temporal redundancy), the difference signal - subtracting the current
sample from the previous one will have a more peaked histogram, with a
maximum around zero.
• Consequently, if we then go on to assign bit string code words to
differences, we can assign short codes to prevalent values and long code
words to rarely occurring ones.

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