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    Tutorial 2

    Uploaded by

    Harrshit Limbodia
    This document contains information about diesel and dual cycles, including: - Details on the diesel cycle such as constant pressure heat addition and thermal efficiency calculations. - An example problem calculating compression ratio and air standard efficiency for a diesel engine. - Details on the dual cycle such as partial constant volume and constant pressure heat addition. - Two example problems, one calculating temperature values at key points in a dual cycle and thermal efficiency, and another finding constant volume pressure ratio, cut-off ratio, and thermal efficiency. The document provides cycle overviews, definitions of important parameters, and sample problems and solutions related to analyzing diesel and dual engine cycles.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Tutorial 2

    Uploaded by

    Harrshit Limbodia
    38 views14 pages
    This document contains information about diesel and dual cycles, including: - Details on the diesel cycle such as constant pressure heat addition and thermal efficiency calculations. - An example problem calculating compression ratio and air standard efficiency for a diesel engine. - Details on the dual cycle such as partial constant volume and constant pressure heat addition. - Two example problems, one calculating temperature values at key points in a dual cycle and thermal efficiency, and another finding constant volume pressure ratio, cut-off ratio, and thermal efficiency. The document provides cycle overviews, definitions of important parameters, and sample problems and solutions related to analyzing diesel and dual engine cycles.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document contains information about diesel and dual cycles, including: - Details on the diesel cycle such as constant pressure heat addition and thermal efficiency calculations. - An example problem calculating compression ratio and air standard efficiency for a diesel engine. - Details on the dual cycle such as partial constant volume and constant pressure heat addition. - Two example problems, one calculating temperature values at key points in a dual cycle and thermal efficiency, and another finding constant volume pressure ratio, cut-off ratio, and thermal efficiency. The document provides cycle overviews, definitions of important parameters, and sample problems and solutions related to analyzing diesel and dual engine cycles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    38 views14 pages

    Tutorial 2

    Uploaded by

    Harrshit Limbodia
    This document contains information about diesel and dual cycles, including: - Details on the diesel cycle such as constant pressure heat addition and thermal efficiency calculations. - An example problem calculating compression ratio and air standard efficiency for a diesel engine. - Details on the dual cycle such as partial constant volume and constant pressure heat addition. - Two example problems, one calculating temperature values at key points in a dual cycle and thermal efficiency, and another finding constant volume pressure ratio, cut-off ratio, and thermal efficiency. The document provides cycle overviews, definitions of important parameters, and sample problems and solutions related to analyzing diesel and dual engine cycles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    BITS Pilani

    Hyderabad Campus

    AIR- STANDARD CYCLES AND THEIR ANALYSIS


    Diesel Cycle
    • In this cycle air is compressed in the
    cylinder and the fuel is then injected.

    • Heat addition takes place at constant


    pressure.

    • Thermal efficiency:

    • Work output:

    • Mean Effective pressure:

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Problem on Diesel Cycle
    Q 1: An ideal diesel engine has a diameter of 15cm,stroke of 20cm. The
    clearance volume is 10% of the swept volume. Determine the
    compression ratio and the air standard efficiency of the engine if the
    cut-off takes place at 6 % of the stroke.
    Sol:

    V1 = Vs + Vc = Vs + V2
    r= Vs = 4 = 3540 cm3,
    Vc = 0.1(Vs) = 354 cm3.

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Solution 1

    V1 = Vs + Vc

    Vs = 4 = 3540 cm3,

    Vc = 0.1(Vs) = 354 cm3,

    V1 = Vs + Vc = 3894 cm3.

    r = = 11

    Cut off ratio (rc) = =1.6

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Dual Cycle
    • A part of heat is supplied to the system at
    constant volume and the remaining part at
    constant pressure.

    • Thermal efficiency:

    • Work Output:

    • Mean effective pressure:

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Problem on Dual Cycle
    Q2: A high speed diesel engine working on ideal dual combustion cycle
    takes in air at a pressure of 1 bar and temperature of 50°C and compresses
    it adiabatically to 1/14 of its original volume. At the end of the compression
    the heat is added in such a manner that during the first stage the pressure
    increases at constant volume to twice the pressure of adiabatic compression
    and during the second stage following the constant volume addition, the
    volume is increased twice the clearance volume at constant pressure. The
    air is then allowed to expand adiabatically to the end of the stroke where t
    is exhausted, heat being rejected at constant volume. Calculate
    (a)Temperature at the key points of cycle (b) The ideal thermal efficiency.

    sol:
    =

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Solution 2

    QS = Cv(T3- T2) + Cp(T4- T3)


    QR= Cv(T5- T1)

    Process 1-2:
    ; =14;
    P2=40 bar ;

    ;
    T2=930 K
    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
    Solution 2
    Process 2-3: (V2 = V3)

    P3 = 2(P2)

    P3 = 80 bar

    T3 = T2(P3/ P2) =

    T3 = 1860K

    Process 3-4 (P=C): (V4 = 2VC)

    → T4 =3720K

    Process 4-5:

    Expansion ratio (re): =7

    T5 = 1710 K

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Solution 2

    QS = Cv(T3- T2) + Cp(T4- T3)

    = 0.718(1860-930) + 1.005(3720-1860) = 2537 kJ/kg of air

    QR= Cv(T5- T1)

    = 0.718(1710 -323) = 995.9 kJ/kg of air

    = 60.8%

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Problem on Dual Cycle
    Q3: A single cylinder four-stroke diesel engine working on dual
    combustion cycle has a compression ratio of 15:1. The engine draws in air
    at 1 bar, 27°C and the maximum pressure in the cylinder is limited to
    55bar. If the heat transfer at constant volume is twice that at constant
    pressure, determine(a) the constant volume pressure ratio (b) the cut-off
    ratio (c) thermal efficiency of the cycle.
    Assume CP =1.005 KJ/(Kg.K)
    and CV =0.718 KJ/(Kg.K) ,
    =1.4

    Sol:
    =

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Solution 3
    =

    QS = Cv(T3- T2) + Cp(T4- T3)


    QR= Cv(T5- T1)

    Process 1-2: (V2 =1)

    ; =15; P2=44.4 bar ;

    ; T2=886 K

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Solution 3
    Process 2-3: (V2 = V3)

    P3/(P2) = 1.24 bar

    T3 = T2(P3/ P2) = 1100 K

    QS2-3 = Cv(T3- T2) = 153.7 kJ/kg

    Process 3-4 (P=C):


    QS2-3 = 2(QS3-4) = 2(Cp(T4- T3))

    T4 = 1176.4 K

    → V4 =1.07

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Solution 3
    Process 4-5:
    Cut off ratio =1.07

    T5 = 409.1 K
    =
    = 1-

    = 66%

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


    Thank you

    BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

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