Scribd
Upload
74 views10 pages

DLD Chapter 3

This document discusses different types of logic gates. It begins by introducing logic gates as the basic building blocks of digital systems that implement Boolean logic functions. The common logic gates are then described: inverters change a single input between 1 and 0; AND gates output 1 only if all inputs are 1; OR gates output 1 if any input is 1; NAND and NOR gates are derived from AND/OR with inversion; XOR gates output 1 if inputs differ but 0 if they are the same; and XNOR gates are the inverse of XOR. Truth tables are used to define the inputs and outputs of each gate.

Uploaded by

Okezaki Temoyo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
74 views10 pages

DLD Chapter 3

This document discusses different types of logic gates. It begins by introducing logic gates as the basic building blocks of digital systems that implement Boolean logic functions. The common logic gates are then described: inverters change a single input between 1 and 0; AND gates output 1 only if all inputs are 1; OR gates output 1 if any input is 1; NAND and NOR gates are derived from AND/OR with inversion; XOR gates output 1 if inputs differ but 0 if they are the same; and XNOR gates are the inverse of XOR. Truth tables are used to define the inputs and outputs of each gate.

Uploaded by

Okezaki Temoyo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

CHAPTER Three

LOGIC GATES
OUTLINE
 The inverter
 The AND gate
 The OR gate
 The NAND gate
 The NOR gate
 The Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR
gates

2
Logic gate
Introduction
 Logic tells us a certain proposition or statement is true if certain conditions are
true.
 Logic gates are the basic building blocks of any digital system.

 It is an idealized model of computation or physical electronic device implementing a Boolean function, a


logical
operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output.
 The relationship between the input and the output is based on a certain logic.

 It operate in the binary mode where each input &output voltage is either a 0 or 1; the 0 and 1 designations represent
predefined voltage ranges.

3
cont’d…
 The table used to represent the Boolean expression of a logic gate function is commonly called a
Truth Table.
 It shows each possible input combination to the gate or circuit with the resultant output.

 Based on this, logic gates are named as Inverter (NOT) gate, AND gate, OR gate,

NAND gate, NOR gate Exclusive OR(XOR) and Exclusive NOR (XNOR) gates.
1. The Inverter (NOT Gate
 unlike the OR and AND operation in that

it can be performed on a single input variable.


Making 1 to 0 or 0 to 1

4
cont’d…
1. The AND Gate
• Performs ‘logical multiplication’ Y= AB or, Y= A.B
– If all of the input are HIGH, then the output is
HIGH.
– If any of the input are LOW, then the output is
LOW.
AND Gate operation

5
cont’d…
1. The OR Gate
• Performs ‘logical Addition’ Y= A+B
– If any of the input are HIGH, then the output is
HIGH.
– If all of the input are LOW, then the output is LOW.
OR Gate operation

6
NOR GATES & NAND
GATES
are derived from combination of the basic AND, OR and NOT gates, which make it relatively easy to describe them using
the Boolean algebra operations. Symbol
1. The NAND Gate (NOT-AND)
• Used as a universal gate

– If all or any of the input are LOW, then the output is


HIGH.
– If all of the input are HIGH, then the output is LOW
NAND Gate operation

7
Cont’d…
The NOR Gate (NOT-OR) Symbol
• Used as a universal gate

– If all or any of the input are HIGH, then the output is


LOW.
– If all of the input are LOW, then the output is HIGH
NOR Gate operation

8
Cont’d…
The Exclusive-OR (XOR) Gate Symbol
• Used as a universal gate
– If both of the input are at the same logic level, then the output is
LOW.
– If both of the input are at opposite logic levels, then the output is HIGH.
XOR Gate operation = A’B + AB’

9
Cont’d…
The Exclusive-NOR (XNOR) Gate Symbol
• Used as a universal gate
• Has only 2 inputs, but output of XNOR is the opposite of XOR
– If both of the input are at the same logic level, then the output is
HIGH.
– If both of the input are at opposite logic levels, then the output is
LOW.
XNOR Gate operation A’B’ +
AB

10

You might also like