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Solving Word Problems Involving Exponential Functions

This document discusses solving word problems involving exponential functions used to model population growth, decay, and compound interest. Examples are provided to illustrate exponential equations and inequalities for modeling population growth over time, the depreciation of a car's value, bacterial growth, radioactive decay, and calculating investment growth with compound interest. Step-by-step solutions demonstrate determining growth and decay factors from initial amounts and solving for unknown values based on the exponential models.

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Sherwin Jay Bentazar
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
311 views

Solving Word Problems Involving Exponential Functions

This document discusses solving word problems involving exponential functions used to model population growth, decay, and compound interest. Examples are provided to illustrate exponential equations and inequalities for modeling population growth over time, the depreciation of a car's value, bacterial growth, radioactive decay, and calculating investment growth with compound interest. Step-by-step solutions demonstrate determining growth and decay factors from initial amounts and solving for unknown values based on the exponential models.

Uploaded by

Sherwin Jay Bentazar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLVING WORD

PROBLEMS INVOLVING
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTIONS
Exponential growth and decay are the common applications
of the exponential functions. The population growth is
modeled by an exponential function, which includes the
growth of investment under a compound interest, the
increase in the number of bacteria as time passes by and a
lot more. This lesson will help you gain a deeper
understanding of the application of exponential functions,
equations, and inequalities
POPULATION GROWTH AND DEACY
POPULATION Growth
Example 1: In 2005, a certain town in La Union has a
population of 32 400. Each year, the population increases
at a constant rate of about 7%.
a. What is the growth factor of the town?
b.Determine an exponential equation that models the
population growth P in t years.
c. Using the equation in (b), determine the population of
the town in 2010.
Solution:
a. The initial population of the town in 2005 is 32 400, and it
increases annually at a rate of 7%. To determine the growth
factor, compute the population of the town after one year.
Thus,
P1 = 32 400 + 32 400 (0.07)
= 32 400 (1 + 0.07) By Factoring
= 32 400 (1.07)
= 34 668 Population after 1 year
The growth factor is 1.07.
b. Let the exponential equation be y= ab t , where y is the
population in t years, a is the initial population , and b is the
growth factor. Hence, the exponential equation that models the
population growth P of the town is
t
y= 32 400 (1.07)
c. The initial year is 2005, therefore n 2010, t= 5. Using the
equation in (b)

5
y= 32 400 (1.07)
= 45 442.68

Thus the population in 2010 was 45 443


POPULATION DECAY
Example 2. A total of 10 000 bacteria cells were initially present
at the start of an experiment. These bacteria cells were placed in
a condition that inhibits growth. After 5 hours , there were only
about 7 000 cells.
a. Determine the decay factor of the cells.
b. Determine an exponential equation that illustrates the
number of cells left after t hours if the number of cells changes at
a constant rate.
c. Using the equation, how many cells are left after 10 hours?
Continuous
Example 3: A certain bacterium, given favorable growth
conditions, grow continuously at a rate of 5.4% a day. Find the
bacterial population after twenty-four hours, if the initial
population was 500 bacteria.
Answer: ₱527.74/ 528

Note: 24 hours is converted to 1


day because the growth rate was
expressed in terms of a given
percentage per day.
Natural base “e” = 2.718281828…
INVESTMENT-RELATED
Compound Interest
Example 4. Aaron invested an amount of 50,000 pesos
at an annual rate interest rate of 8%. Find the total
amount of money he will have after 6 years.

Answer: 79, 343. 72


Compound Interest
Example 5: Danielle deposited ₱5,000.00 in an account that
offers 6% interest compounded semi-annually. How much money
is in his account at the end of three years?
Answer: ₱5,970.26
Note: If interest is compounded
annually, 𝑛 = 1.
If interest is compounded semi-
annually, 𝑛 = 2. If interest is
compounded quarterly, 𝑛 = 4.
If interest is compounded monthly,
𝑛 = 12
Continuous Compounding

Example 6. If Danielle invested his money at the


same rate compounded continuously , how much
money will he have after 6 years?
Solve the following problems. Show your complete
solution.

1. Win purchased a sports car worth Php 2 560 000 in


2012. After two years , its market value depreciated
to Php 2 166 784. Determine the decay factor and
exponential equation that models the price of the
car in t years, assuming that the price of the car
depreciates at a constant rate. Using your model,
determine the market value of the car after 5 years
and after 7 years?
2. A bacteria culture grows at a rate of 3% per
t
minute according to the equation Pt= P (1+r) ,
where Pt is the number of bacteria in t years,
P is the initial amount , and r is the growth
rate. Estimate the number of bacteria present
after 1 hour if there were 50 bacteria initially.
3. A radioactive substance decays according to the
equation y= Ae kx
,where A is the initial amount of substance , e
(base) is approximately equal to 2.71828, x is the
number of years, and k is equal to -0.002. How
much of the substance remains after 15 years if
there were 12 g initially?

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