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    Drug Distribution

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    sayan mandal
    This document discusses drug distribution systems in hospitals. It describes in-patient and out-patient drug distribution. For in-patients, it discusses individual prescription ordering, floor stock systems, and unit dose systems. For out-patients, it discusses emergency, tertiary care, and primary care patients. It also provides details on controlled drug ordering, prescriptions, and documentation for administration.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Drug Distribution

    Uploaded by

    sayan mandal
    72 views31 pages
    This document discusses drug distribution systems in hospitals. It describes in-patient and out-patient drug distribution. For in-patients, it discusses individual prescription ordering, floor stock systems, and unit dose systems. For out-patients, it discusses emergency, tertiary care, and primary care patients. It also provides details on controlled drug ordering, prescriptions, and documentation for administration.

    Original Description:

    Class notes from BP704T drug distribution technique in hospitals and pharmacies

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    This document discusses drug distribution systems in hospitals. It describes in-patient and out-patient drug distribution. For in-patients, it discusses individual prescription ordering, floor stock systems, and unit dose systems. For out-patients, it discusses emergency, tertiary care, and primary care patients. It also provides details on controlled drug ordering, prescriptions, and documentation for administration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    72 views31 pages

    Drug Distribution

    Uploaded by

    sayan mandal
    This document discusses drug distribution systems in hospitals. It describes in-patient and out-patient drug distribution. For in-patients, it discusses individual prescription ordering, floor stock systems, and unit dose systems. For out-patients, it discusses emergency, tertiary care, and primary care patients. It also provides details on controlled drug ordering, prescriptions, and documentation for administration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    DRUG DISTRIBUTION

    SYSTEM

    VIVEK BARIK
    ( A S S I S TA N T P R O F E S S O R )
    CONTENT

    Definitions
    In-patient
    Out- patient
    Ambulatory- patient
    Control drugs
    HOSPITAL PHARMACY

     Hospital pharmacy may be defined as that department of the hospital


    witch deals with procurement , storage, compounding, dispensing,
    manufacturing, testing, packaging and distribution of drugs.
     Function:
     Providing specifications for the purchase of drugs, chemicals.
     Proper storing of drugs.
     Manufacturing and distribution of medicaments.
    IN- PATIENT
    IN- PATIENT

     In- patients are those patients, who require hospitalization


    i.e. get themselves admitted in the hospital, stay there for
    treatment till they are discharged.
     They are four system in general use for dispensing drugs for
    inpatients. They may be classified as follows:
    I. Individual prescription order
    II. Complete floor stock system
    III. Combination of individual and floor stock system
    IV. Unit dose system
    INDIVIDUAL PRESCRIPTION
    ORDER SYSTEM
    It is a type of prescription system where the physician writes the
    prescription for individual patient who obtains the drug prescribed
    from any medical store or hospital dispensary by paying own
    charges.
    ADVANTAGE:
     All medication orders are directly reviewed by pharmacist.
     It provides the interaction of pharmacist-doctor, nurse and the
    patient.
     It provides clear control of inventory.
    COMPLETE FLOOR STOCK SYSTEM

    Under this system, the drugs are given to the patient


    through the nursing station and the pharmacy
    supplied from the drug store of a hospital.
    Drugs on the nursing station or ward may be divided
    in to .
    A. Charge floor stock drugs
    B. Non- Charge floor stock drugs
    CHARGE FLOOR STOCK SYSTEM

    Medicines which are stocked on the nursing station


    at all times and charged to the patients account after
    they have been administered to them.
    Dispensing of floor stock drugs.
     The patient is charged for every single dose
    administered to him.
     Selection of these drugs in various wards is decided
    by PTC.
    PHARMACEUTICAL AND RELATED PREPARATION

    Category Preparation

    Anti- allergies Prednisolone tablet


    Antibiotic Penicillin G inj.
    Anticoagulant Heparin
    Cardiac vascular agents Digoxin inj.
    DRUG BASKET METHOD

    Nurse fill a requisition form for delivery of drugs at


    their floor.
    When there is an empty container, the nurse place it
    in the drug basket.
    Once the basket is completed, it delivery to the floor
    via messenger service.
    Alternatively mobile dispensary can be utilised.
    LIST OF NON- CHARGE DRUG

    AMPOULES CAPSULES TABLETS SOLUTIONS POWEDS

    Adrenaline Dulcolax Atropine Tin- Glucose


    sulphate belladonna

    Digoxin Multivitamins Paracetamol Castor oil Sodium


    bicarbonate

    Lidocaine Digitalis Nitroglycerine Tin. Benzoin talcum


    HCL compound

    Aminophylline Elixir Kcl


    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FLOOR AND NON-
    FLOOR STOCK SYSTEM
    Non- charge floor stock
    Charge floor stock system
    system
    Every dose of the drug This system charges
    administered to the charges are made
    patients are charged. indirect to the patients.
    Only those dose are The cost of the drugs
    charged which are are not high as they are
    expansive can rarely
    mostly used in tablets,
    used.
    capsules.
    Floor stock list is
    prepared which is sent to A pre- determined list
    make the drugs available is prepared by nursing
    to all the nursing station. station.
    COMBINATION OF INDIVIDUAL AND
    FLOOR STOCK SYSTEM

    This system is fallowed in the government and also


    in private hospital who run on the basic of no profit
    and no loss.
    Individual prescription or medication system is
    fallowed as a major means.
    Requirement of drugs or surgical items are given to
    the patient who purchase and deposit these items in
    hospital wards or room under supervision of the
    registered nurse.
    UNIT DOSE DISPENSING

    Those medications which are ordered, packed,


    handled administered and charged in multiples of
    single dose units containing a predetermined
    amount of drug or supply sufficient for one regular
    dose.
    A single unit package is one which contain one
    complete pharmaceutical dosage forms.
    Ex.- One tablet, caps.
    ADVANTAGES

    Better financial control.


    It prevents the loss of partially used medications
    It does not require storage facilities at the nursing
    station.
    METHOD OF DISPENSING UNIT DOSE

    A. Centralized unit dose drug distribution system


    (CUDD)
    B. Decentralized unit dose drug distribution system
    (DUDD)
    CENTRALIZED UNIT-DOSE DRUG
    DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (CUDD)

    All in-patient drug are dispensed in unit doses and


    all the drug are stored in central area of the
    pharmacy and dispensed at the dose is due to be
    given to the patient
    Drugs are transferred from the pharmacy to the
    indoor patient by medication cards.
    DECENTRALIZED UNIT DOSE DRUG
    DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (DUDD)

    This operates through small satellite pharmacies


    located on each floor of the hospital.
    Procedure:
    Patient profile card containing full date, disease,
    diagnosis is prepared.
    Prescription are sent directly to the pharmacist witch
    are then entered in the patient profile card.
    Pharmacist cheeks medication order.
    Patient profile card and prescription order is filled
    by pharmacy technicians.
    ADVANTAGES

     Easy for the administered staff.


     According becomes easier in certain cases.
     Better stability of the products.
    Ex:- Eno- salt in sachets.
    DISADVANTAGES

     High cost.
     Consumes more time and doubtful.
     Will occupy more space for storing.
     Ledger posting and inventory control problem.
    OUT- PATIENT
    OUT- PATIENT

    Out patient refers to patients not occupying beds in a


    hospital or in clinics, health centers and other places. Out
    patient load into three categories.

    • Emergency
    1

    • Tertiary care
    2

    • Primary care
    3
    EMERGENCY

     A person given emergency or accidental care for


    conditions which require immediately medical
    attention.
     Suffering from serious health conditions or illness.
    TERTIARY CARE

    He is directly to outpatient department by his


    attending medical practitioner for specific treatment
    other than an emergency treatment.
    PRIMARY CARE

    Primary are is majority care.


    It describe a range of services adequate for meeting.
    Most primary care is used by patient who are
    ambulatory i.e. are able to move about freely.
    LOCATION OF OUT- PATIENT DISPENSING

    It should be located on the ground floor of the


    building.
    The out patient dispensing area should be provided
    with proper seating arrangement.
    The pharmacy received its supplies from medical
    stores weekly but emergency supplies can be
    obtained at any time.
    DRUG DISTRIBUTION TO OUT-
    PATIENT

    No medicaments should be issued without the


    prescription.
    After the issue has been made the quantities
    supplied must be recovered.
    Medicines are given to the out- patients from the
    pharmacy situation in the out patient block.
    DISPENSING OF CONTROL DRUGS

    Hospital control procedures:


    i. Responsible for controlled substance in the
    hospital.
    ii. Ordering ward stock of the controlled substances
    from the pharmacy.
    iii. Doctors orders for administration of controlled
    drugs.
    DOCTOR ORDERS FOR ADMINISTRATION OF
    CONTROLLED DRUGS

    The following information must be appear on the “


    Doctor’s controlled drug order sheet”.
    Date patient’s full name Patient’s
    hospital number Specific description of drug
    ordered and strength Amount to be given
    PRESCRIPTIONS

     In dispensing of controlled substances, the following


    requirements should be with prescriptions:
     Except when dispensed
     Drugs may be dispensed on the oral prescription in an
    emergency situation.
     Prescription shall be retained in conformity with the
    requirements of this law.
     No prescription for a controlled substance in schedule II
    may be refilled.
     Controlled substances in schedule III or IV may not be
    dispensed a written or oral prescription in conformity.
    Information on daily controlled drug
    administration

    I. Date
    II. Amount given
    III. Patient’s full name
    IV. Name of doctor ordering
    V. Signature of nurse administering
    VI. Frequency and route of administration

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