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Image Sensor

Team members 4 presented information on image sensors. The document discussed CCD and CMOS image sensors, how they work by converting photons to electrons, their advantages and disadvantages. CCD sensors have been used longer and tend to have higher quality and more pixels but are slower. CMOS sensors are cheaper, more energy efficient and allow on-chip processing but have higher noise. Image sensors are key components in cameras and other devices that convert light into digital signals and have many applications.

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Pianist Ali
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28 views

Image Sensor

Team members 4 presented information on image sensors. The document discussed CCD and CMOS image sensors, how they work by converting photons to electrons, their advantages and disadvantages. CCD sensors have been used longer and tend to have higher quality and more pixels but are slower. CMOS sensors are cheaper, more energy efficient and allow on-chip processing but have higher noise. Image sensors are key components in cameras and other devices that convert light into digital signals and have many applications.

Uploaded by

Pianist Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Image Sensor

Team members 4

Haseeb Ahmed FA20-BEE-107


Aavish khattana FA20-BEE-111
Hamza Arshad FA20-BEE-164
Malik Adnan FA20-BEE-015
Contents:
⬡ Introduction to image sensors
⬡ Types of image Sensors
⬡ CCD image sensors
⬡ CMOS image sensors
⬡ Possible uses for image sensors
⬡ Main Advantages/Disadvantages between CMOS and CCD 
⬡ Conclusion

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Introduction to Image sensor:
⬡ What is image sensor?
An Image Sensor is a photosensitive device that
converts light signals into digital signals (colors/RGB
data)

⬡ How do they work?


It works by converting photons as electrons.
Block Diagram of a sensor

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Then Now

vs

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Types of Image Sensors:

⬡ An image sensor is typically of two types.

⬡ Charged Couple Device (CCD)

⬡ Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)

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Charge Couple Device (CCD):
⬡ A charge-coupled device (CCD) is an integrated circuit
containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitor.
⬡ CCDs are based on MOS capacitors 
⬡ CCD sensors have been mass produced for a longer period of
time, so they are more mature. They tend to have higher quality
and more pixels

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Working principle of CCD:

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Complementary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor(CMOS):
⬡ CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) sensors are used to
create images in digital cameras, digital video cameras and digital CCTV
cameras

⬡ CMOS sensors are based on metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS)


technology

⬡ Cheaper, energy-efficient, and on-chip Integra table.

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Working principle of CMOS:

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CCD VS CMOS
CCD CMOS
⬡ Needs extra circuitry to ⬡ Higher cost to develop
convert to digital signal. ⬡ On-chip analog to digital
⬡ High dynamic range of conversion
lighting ⬡ Lower Complexity on the
⬡ Less noise due to less on- sensor leading to faster
chip circuitry image capture

⬡ Serial Readout is slow ⬡ Higher noise

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Applications

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Conclusion:
⬡ Image sensors are used in almost every mobile phones, cameras (DSLR) etc.
⬡ The soul of a digital camera is its sensor—to determine image size, resolution, low-light
performance, depth of field, dynamic range, lenses, and even the camera's physical size, the
sensor is key.
⬡ A camera's sensor dictates the quality of the images it can produce—the larger the sensor,
the higher the image quality.
⬡ Image sensor basically tries to mimic the retina of eye. Bigger image sensors have bigger
pixels, which means better low-light performance, reduced noise, good dynamic range, and
the ability to obtain more information.
⬡ Image sensors are present in every photo capturing and video making equipment

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Thanks
!

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