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    The Hague Summit in 1969 To Revive Integration Momemtum

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    Nergis Ökılıç
    The document summarizes major events and treaties in European integration from the late 1960s to the early 1990s: 1) Key events included the first enlargement of the EC in 1973, the establishment of common policies like the CAP, and the creation of the European Council and direct elections to the European Parliament. 2) Problems in the 1970s like unemployment and inflation diverted attention from integration goals. The objective of EMU failed after 1979. 3) The Single European Act of 1985 aimed to complete the single market by 1993 and revise the Rome Treaty. 4) The Maastricht Treaty of 1991 established the EU structure of supranational, intergovernmental, and justice cooperation pillars

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    The Hague Summit in 1969 To Revive Integration Momemtum

    Uploaded by

    Nergis Ökılıç
    69 views7 pages
    The document summarizes major events and treaties in European integration from the late 1960s to the early 1990s: 1) Key events included the first enlargement of the EC in 1973, the establishment of common policies like the CAP, and the creation of the European Council and direct elections to the European Parliament. 2) Problems in the 1970s like unemployment and inflation diverted attention from integration goals. The objective of EMU failed after 1979. 3) The Single European Act of 1985 aimed to complete the single market by 1993 and revise the Rome Treaty. 4) The Maastricht Treaty of 1991 established the EU structure of supranational, intergovernmental, and justice cooperation pillars

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    EU-70s-80s-90s (1) (1)

    Original Title

    EU-70s-80s-90s (1) (1)

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    The document summarizes major events and treaties in European integration from the late 1960s to the early 1990s: 1) Key events included the first enlargement of the EC in 1973, the establishment of common policies like the CAP, and the creation of the European Council and direct elections to the European Parliament. 2) Problems in the 1970s like unemployment and inflation diverted attention from integration goals. The objective of EMU failed after 1979. 3) The Single European Act of 1985 aimed to complete the single market by 1993 and revise the Rome Treaty. 4) The Maastricht Treaty of 1991 established the EU structure of supranational, intergovernmental, and justice cooperation pillars

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    69 views7 pages

    The Hague Summit in 1969 To Revive Integration Momemtum

    Uploaded by

    Nergis Ökılıç
    The document summarizes major events and treaties in European integration from the late 1960s to the early 1990s: 1) Key events included the first enlargement of the EC in 1973, the establishment of common policies like the CAP, and the creation of the European Council and direct elections to the European Parliament. 2) Problems in the 1970s like unemployment and inflation diverted attention from integration goals. The objective of EMU failed after 1979. 3) The Single European Act of 1985 aimed to complete the single market by 1993 and revise the Rome Treaty. 4) The Maastricht Treaty of 1991 established the EU structure of supranational, intergovernmental, and justice cooperation pillars

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    The Hague Summit in 1969

    to revive integration momemtum


    • First Enlargement of EC in 1973: the UK, Denmark and
    Ireland
    • Argued for more common policy: CAP in 1972
    • In 1970 EPC: collaboration and coordination of for. policies of
    MSs: a more united presence in int. affairs
    • Summitry as a new style of EC decision-making: formalized in
    1974 with the estab. of European Council.
    • In 1979 first direct elections for the EP in as required by the
    Rome Treaty.
    • Called for a move towards EMU: Werner report in 1970
    aimed EMU in 3 stages by 1980
    Problems in 1970s and in the first half of 80s

    • Both unemployment and inflation in Europe in 70s;


    oil crisis in 1973: focus diverted to national eco
    issues from integration aim.
    • The objective of EMU failed, after 1979 relaunch of a
    monetary policy: some stabilization in currency
    fluctuations, inflation and unemployment with EMS
    and ERM: quite modest compared to EMU: so return
    of EMU to the EC agenda at the end of 80s.
    • Completion of a common market was far from
    achievement.
    The Single European Act in 1985
    • Concerns that the EC’s int status declined in
    eco and pol sense
    • Undrestanding that competitiveness could
    only be achieved through more integration
    • In 1985 MSs agreed to estab of a single
    internal market by 1993 and to a major
    revision of the Rome Treaty.
    SEA
    • New policy competences in the areas of environment, R&D, eco and soc cohesion
    • Expansion of existing policy competences as in soc policy
    • Expansion of dec making role of the EP through intro of cooperation procedure
    for internal market issues; intro of assent procedure
    • Extension of the use of QMV in the Council
    • Estab of Court of First Instance to assist ECJ
    • Formal recognition to the Eur Council and EPC but they were not still
    communitarian, out of EC structure tecnically.
    • It renewed dynamism at the second half of 80s for further steps towards a union:
    EU
    • Mitterrand, Kohl and Delors took the lead, Thatcher resisted.
    • Two new IGCs on EMU and political union.
    • Out of these TEU emerged in 1991.
    TEU (Maastricht Treaty)
    • Agreed in Dec 1991
    • Entered into force on Nov 1, 1993.
    • Designed
    1. to expand the scope of Eur integration
    2. to reform the EC’s institutions and dec making
    procedures
    3. to bring about EMU
    TEU created three-pillar structure for the EU

    • 1. EEC (renamed the EC) + ECSC+ Euratom: supranational,


    communitarian method of decision making
    • 2. CFSP: Common Foreign and Security Policy:
    Intergovernmental
    • 3. Cooperation in Justice and Home Affairs:
    Intergovernmental
    • Mix of supra. integration and interg. Cooperation: the EU
    but fell short of what is considered a ‘union’ which is a pol
    and legal entity with a coherent and uniform structure.
    TEU
    • EMU in three stages by the end of 1999. Euro introduced in 2002.
    • Convergence criteria
    • It created a three-tier EU: full participants, those that fail to meet
    convergence criteria and those the UK and Denmark that opted-out.
    • Closer integration in social policy among only 11 MSs except the UK: the
    UK’s opt out from ‘Social Charter’
    • Denmark was granted de facto opt-out from implementation of for pol
    decisions and actions having defence implications.
    • Semi-permanent differentiation bw MSs. Previously it had been
    temporary and not treaty-based.
    • Fears that the Maastrict opt-outs would lead to an ‘a la carte’ Europe:
    MSs picking and choosing the areas in which they are willing to pursue
    closer integration.

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