Scribd
Upload
38 views

Topic 2.1 Network Communication Using OSI Model - Part1

The document discusses the OSI model, which defines seven layers of network communication: [1] Physical, [2] Data Link, [3] Network, [4] Transport, [5] Session, [6] Presentation, and [7] Application. It describes the functions of each layer, such as the Physical layer defining the physical medium and transmitting bits, the Data Link layer transmitting frames using MAC addresses, and the Transport layer responsible for reliable delivery of data between processes. The OSI model is used to explain how data is transmitted down the layers at the source host and back up the layers at the destination host when communicating over a network.

Uploaded by

محمدجوزياي
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
38 views

Topic 2.1 Network Communication Using OSI Model - Part1

The document discusses the OSI model, which defines seven layers of network communication: [1] Physical, [2] Data Link, [3] Network, [4] Transport, [5] Session, [6] Presentation, and [7] Application. It describes the functions of each layer, such as the Physical layer defining the physical medium and transmitting bits, the Data Link layer transmitting frames using MAC addresses, and the Transport layer responsible for reliable delivery of data between processes. The OSI model is used to explain how data is transmitted down the layers at the source host and back up the layers at the destination host when communicating over a network.

Uploaded by

محمدجوزياي
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

FP303 COMPUTER

TOPIC NETWORK
2: OSI MODEL AND
NETWORK PROTOCOLS
2.1 NETWORK COMMUNICATION
USING OSI MODEL

[email protected]
Learning Outcomes
1. Define seven layer of OSI Model
2. Define functions of each layer in OSI
Model
3. Use OSI Model to explain the
communication between two network
nodes
4. Describe data packets and frames
5. Describe two types of addressing
covered by the OSI Model
OSI Model?
 The OSI (Open System Interconnection) model is
developed by ISO in 1984.
 Why OSI? as a guidelines how network operating
systems communicate on a network.
 OSI model was to provide a set of design standards
for equipment manufacturers.

Note:
ISO is the organization
OSI is the model
7 Layer of OSI Model
A good what to
remember the seven
layers is 

All 
People 
Seem 
To 
Need 
Data 
Processing
OSI Model vs Protocol
Data is transmitted from (Host A) to (Host B) the data flows down the 7
Layers at Host A and across the physical media in the form of binary
data, when it arrives at Host B the data travels back up through the
seven layers on Host B.
An exchange using the OSI model

Host A Host B

Layer 7

Layer 6

Layer 5

Layer 4

Layer 3

Layer 2

Layer 1
Layer 7: Application
• DATA
• Used for applications specifically written to run over
the network
• Provides services to end user’s applications
• Does not provide services to any other OSI layer
• Example: apps are file transfer, e-mail, NetBIOS-
based  applications. Example: DNS; FTP; TFTP;
BOOTP; SNMP;RLOGIN; SMTP; MIME; NFS;
FINGER; TELNET; NCP; APPC; AFP; SMB
Layer 6: Presentation
• DATA
• Translates from application to network format and
vice-versa (network format to application)
• Ensures info from one system’s application layer can
be read by another system
• Translates among multiple data formats
• Does encryption and decryption
Layer 5: Session
• DATA
• Establishes, maintains and ends sessions across the
network.
• Responsible for name recognition (identification) so
only the designated parties can participate in the
session
• Examples: are interactive login and file transfer
connections, the session would connect and re-
connect if there was an interruption; recognize names
in sessions and register names in history
Layer 4: Transport
 SEGMENTS
 Responsible for delivery of a message from one
process to another
 Two transport protocols: Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
 A train is a good analogy => the data is divided into
identical units
• Example protocols: TCP, ARP, RARP, SPXNWLink,
NetBIOS / NetBEUI, ATP
Layer 3: Network IP Address

 PACKETS Data H3

• Determine the path for data from the source to the


destination computer. It manage switching and routing
of data packets based on network addresses concern
on PACKET ROUTING.
• Protocols: IP (Internet Protocol), IPX (Internet
Protocol Exchange)
Layer 3: Network (cont…)
Layer 2: Data Link
 FRAMES
 This layer is where the network packets are
translated into raw bits (example: 00110101) to be
transmitted on the physical layer.
 Responsible for transmitting frames from one node to
the next. This is also a layer that uses the most basic
addressing scheme, MAC Addresses
Physical Address (Mac Address) ???
MAC (Media Access Control) address is the unique hardware
address that is installed to the network card by its manufacturer
Layer 1: Physical
 BITS
 Physical layer defines the cable or physical medium.
 Responsible for transmitting individual bits from one
node to the next.
To be Continue….
I don’t stop when I’m tired.
I only stop when I’m done…

You might also like