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Channel Coding

The document discusses different channel coding methods used in digital communication systems to increase resistance to channel noise. It describes backward error correction (BEC) and forward error correction (FEC), and provides details on various FEC coding schemes including block codes, convolutional codes, and turbo codes. Convolutional codes are useful for real-time applications but have limitations of increased overhead and wasted transmit power. Turbo codes are considered the most efficient coding scheme and use two convolutional codes in parallel with interleaving.

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Manas Pramanik
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104 views

Channel Coding

The document discusses different channel coding methods used in digital communication systems to increase resistance to channel noise. It describes backward error correction (BEC) and forward error correction (FEC), and provides details on various FEC coding schemes including block codes, convolutional codes, and turbo codes. Convolutional codes are useful for real-time applications but have limitations of increased overhead and wasted transmit power. Turbo codes are considered the most efficient coding scheme and use two convolutional codes in parallel with interleaving.

Uploaded by

Manas Pramanik
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Channel Coding

Manas Pramanik

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Contents
Introduction Coding

Methods Block Codes Convolutional Code Turbo Code Summary

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Introduction

Channel Coding Goal: Design of channel coding to increase resistance of a


digital communication system to channel noise.

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Coding Methods
Backward Error Correction (BEC)
Backward Error Correction (BEC) is a type of error correction in which the receiver detects an error and sends a request for retransmission to the sender. BEC algorithms include: Parity bits CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) LRC (Longitudinal Redundancy Check)

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Coding Methods
Forward error correction (FEC)
The sender encodes the data using an error-correcting code (ECC) prior errorto transmission. The additional information (redundancy) added by the code is used by the receiver to recover the original data. In general, the reconstructed data is what is deemed the most likely original data. The major categories of FEC codes are Block codes Convolution codes, Turbo codes etc

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Block Codes
Generally, block code is any code defined with a finite codeword length
Systematic Block Code

Data Field

Parity

The parity portion can be actual parity bits, or generated by some other means

Examples of block codes: BCH, Hamming, Turbo Codes etc

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Convolution Code
Convolutional codes differ from block codes in the sense that they do not break the message stream into fixed-size blocks. Instead, redundancy is fixedadded continuously to the whole stream. Convolutional Codes are useful for real-time applications because they realcan be continuously encoded and decoded Convolution Coding useful for low- latency communications low-

Limitation of Convolution Coding:


Increased Overhead and waste of transmit power

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Turbo Code
Turbo Codes are considered as the most efficient coding schemes for FEC The basic idea of turbo codes is to use two convolution codes in parallel with some kind of interleaving in between. Convolutional codes can be used to encode a continuous stream of data. Turbo Code has been generalized to cover block codes as well as Convolutional Code.

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Summary
Channel Coding required to protect data sent over communication media in the presence of noise There are two Error Correcting methods: Backward error correction (BEC) and Forward error correction (FEC) The major FEC categories includes Block Code, Convolutional Code and Turbo Code. Demerits of Convolution Code is due to increased Overhead increased and waste of transmit power

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Thank you !

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