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Hypothesis Testing

The document discusses hypothesis testing and provides examples of applying z-tests and t-tests. It defines key terms like the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, and level of significance. Examples are given of applying hypothesis testing to compare means from different populations or samples, including the life of phone batteries, weights of college students, and numbers of children from urban vs. rural families. An assignment involves applying hypothesis testing to additional examples comparing college student weights, workplace smoker percentages, and computer lab usage.

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Mikail Lloyd Lagura
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47 views13 pages

Hypothesis Testing

The document discusses hypothesis testing and provides examples of applying z-tests and t-tests. It defines key terms like the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, and level of significance. Examples are given of applying hypothesis testing to compare means from different populations or samples, including the life of phone batteries, weights of college students, and numbers of children from urban vs. rural families. An assignment involves applying hypothesis testing to additional examples comparing college student weights, workplace smoker percentages, and computer lab usage.

Uploaded by

Mikail Lloyd Lagura
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH213

ENGINEERING DATA
ANALYSIS
By: ENGR. MARIA YSABELLA MOSCOSO
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
- Is a tentative explanation for certain events, phenomena or behaviors. In
statistical language, a hypothesis is a statement of prediction of the relationship
between or among variables.

NULL HYPOTHESIS (Ho)


- States no existence of relationship between the variables under study. It
asserts that no differences exist between two samples or populations. It is also
stated for the purpose of being accepted or rejected.

ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS (Ha)


- States an existence of relationship between the variables under study. If the
null hypothesis is rejected, the alternative hypothesis is accepted.
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
z-test
- is a test statistic used when the population standard
deviation is known and when the population is normally
distributed as in the case for large size.
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING: Z TEST
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
t-test
When we have small sample size and we want to assume that
the error population is normally distributed, and that we do
not know the standard error parameter, we may employ that t-
distribution.
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING: t-TEST
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
EXAMPLES
1. A manufacturer of cellular phone batteries claims that when
fully charged, the mean life of his products lasts for 26 hours
with a standard deviation of 5 hours. Mr. DG, a regular
distributor, randomly picked and tested 35 of the batteries.
His test showed that the average life of his sample is 24.3
hours. Is there a significant difference between the average
life of all the manufacture’s batteries and the average battery
life and his sample α = 5%.
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
EXAMPLES
2. Data from a school census show that the mean weight of
college students was 45 kilograms with a standard deviation
of 3 kilograms. A sample of 100 college students was found to
have a mean weight of 47 kilograms. Are the 100 college
students really heavier than the rest? Use level of
significance, α = 0.05.
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
EXAMPLES
3. Given the following data:
Population Standard Deviation, σ = 2
Urban Family: n = 40 ; ⴟ = 4
Rural Family: n = 35 ; ⴟ = 6

Is the mean number of children of rural family really higher


than the mean number of the children of urban family? Α =
0.01
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
EXAMPLES
4. Two groups of students were tested in Mathematics quiz.
Group A is composed of 10 students while group B is
composed of 12 students. Test whether one group performed
better than the other using a level of significance 0.05.
1 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Assignment
1. Data from school census show that the mean weight of college students is 49kgs with a
standard deviation of 3 kgs. A sample of 110 college students was found to have a mean
weight of 50kgs. Are the 110 college students significantly heavier than the rest? Use level of
significance = 0.01
2. Comparing two sample portions of workers who smoke and do not smoke in the workplace:
Smokers of Workplace 1 : P = 92% ; n = 55
Smokers of Workplace 2 : P = 70% ; n = 45
3. A new laboratory technician read a report that more students are using the new computer
laboratory than the old one. To test his hypothesis, he selected a day at ramdom and kept the track
of the number of students who used the new lab and old lab over an 8-hour period. The results were
as follows:

NEW 20 24 18 16 16 19 23 23
OLD 18 22 15 14 13 15 21 20

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