ART ELEMENTS AND

ORGANIZATION

REEYAH JOYCE SABERON SABIO

INSTRUCTOR
 LEARN MORE ON..
Elements of Visual Arts
Uses of the art elements
Properties and classification of
colors
Principles of design
ELEMENTS OF A VISUAL ARTS
 HOW DO WE SAY THAT AN ART IS
ORGANIZED??
It has an elements
It has a very good color variations or combinations
It portrays something and has a meaning
It has a bearing or impact to the society
it tells story that came from a literature or history
ORGANIZED OR NOT?
 WHAT IS VISUAL ART??
 The visual arts are art forms that create works that are
primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing,
painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts,
photography, video, film making and architecture. These
definitions should not be taken too strictly as many artistic
disciplines (performing arts, conceptual art, textile arts)
involve aspects of the visual arts as well as arts of other
types. Also included within the visual arts are the applied
arts such as industrial design, graphic design, fashion
design, interior design and decorative art.
 PUBLIC ART
 Public art is exactly that, art in public spaces. The term
“public art” may conjure images of historic bronze statues
of a soldier on horseback in a park. Today, public art can
take a wide range of forms, sizes, and scales—and can be
temporary or permanent. Public art can include murals,
sculpture, memorials, integrated architectural or
landscape architectural work, community art, digital new
media, and even performances and festivals!  (Americans
for the Arts)
HISTORICAL PUBLIC ARTS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
 ELEMENTS OF AN ART
 LINE – as an element, it is the simplest. Most ancient
and most universal means for creating visual arts. A
line is a prolongation of a point. As a prolongation, it
maybe straight or curved according to its direction. It
maybe horizontal, vertical or diagonal. It is the
starting point of an elements of an art. They describe
simple objects, measure things, give directions and
boundaries.
TYPES OF LINES
THE ART OF A LINE
 WHAT IS CURVED LINES??
 curve is an object similar to
a line which does not have to be
straight.
Circle, lunet, ellipse and oblong are the
examples of curved lines used in art
CIRCLE, LUNET, ELLIPSE AND OBLONG
VALUE OF AN ART (LIGHT AND DARK)
 Value is a relative degree of lightness and darkness
in a graphic work of art or painting. It indicates the
degree of luminosity, that is, the presence or
absence of light. In value scale, white is considered
as the highest value and black the lowest, a point
between halfway between them in called the
medium. The point halfway between white and
black maybe classified light and the point halfway
between medium and black is classified as dark
LIGHT OR DARK??
 LIGHT AND SHADOW
(CHIAROSCURO)
Light and shadow known as
chiaroscuro from the Italian word for
light and dark is different from value,
light and shadow is a means of
modeling a figure in depth, a means of
articulating the form.
EL GAMMA PENUMBRA AS LIGHT AND
SHADOW PERFORMERS
 FORM
Refers to the external appearance of a clearly
defined area. It is the visual shape of an object
or thing found in nature. The regular forms
having definite shapes are the square, circle,
rectangle, oval, triangle and lunette. Forms are
used to describe simple objects and determine
the structure of the objects.
FORMS OF AN ART
 TEXTURE
Is the surface treatment of an artistic work I
order to give variety and beauty to any
work of art. The sense of sight and the
sense of touch is involved. They are the
smooth and the rough. It also includes the
art of the cross stitching.
TEXTURES OF AN ART
 SPACE
An art element which is concerned
with making all parts functional so
that all parts of the work of art
will contribute to make the whole
complete work of an art.
MAXIMIZING THE SPACE IN ARTS
THE COLORS AND ITS
PROPERTIES
 COLORS
Color is the quality of an object or
substance with respect to light reflected by
it. And usually determined visually by
measurement of hue, saturation and
brightness of the reflected light. Three
variations of color are: primary, secondary
and tertiary color.
Primary Color – these
includes, red, yellow and
blue because all other
colors are produced by
combining any of the two
colors
Secondary Color – these includes green,
violet and orange because these colors can
be produced by mixing any two of the
primary colors. The intermediate colors can
be produced by mixing in equal amounts
primary and secondary colors. These colors
are yellow orange, red – orange, red- violet,
blue – violet, blue – blue green, and yellow
green.
Tertiary Colors – can be produced by
combining in equal mixture any two
secondary colors such as orange –
yellow, violet green, and orange –
green.
The use of colors in the art will always
show the concept of color
interpretation.
COLORS IN THE ART
COLOR WHEEL
 CLASSIFICATIONS OF COLOR
 Black – the darkest and the dullest of the colors, it suggest despair, gloom
death and mourning
 Blue – the color of the sky and of the sea. It gives the impression of vastness
and infinity. A symbol of tranquility, calmness and peace.
 Gray – combination of black and white or the three primary colors. It gives
the impression of weight, solidity and neutrality.
 Green – the color of still water and vegetation. Symbol of growth, freshness
and hope.
 Orange – is a combination of red and yellow. The color symbolizes
deliciousness and sweetness.
 Pink – combination of red and white and symbolizes love.
 Red – considered as a basic color. It typifies fire, blood, danger,
festivity, bravery, war, passion, energy and warmth.
 Violet – is a mixture of red and blue. It suggest shadows,
mourning, penance, royalty and power
 White – when taken independently is not considered a color. It is
the lightest of all colors. It symbolizes simplicity, clarity, purity
and peace.
 Yellow – considered the color of light. This is the color which is
often mistaken as a color of jealousy. It symbolizes, life, joy,
sunshine, cheerfulness, warmth, splendor and hospitality.
 Yellow – green – is the kind of color which is hurting to the eyes
and which makes one appear darker. It the color appropriate for
those with fair complexions. This color symbolizes jealousy and
hatred.
 Brown – a mixture of red and a little green. It is said to be
the safest color for all. It suggest humility and confidently.
 Color harmony is the correct combination and
arrangement of colors so that they will appear pleasing to
eyes.
 Monochromatic harmony employs only one color with its
tints and shades. An example is red. Harmonizing with it
are red, medium red and dark red.
 Analogous harmony is the use of colors which possess one
common color in all their mixture. These colors are found
near each other in the color chart. an example is orange,
red – orange and yellow orange.
MONOCHROMATIC COLOR SCHEME
ANALOGOUS COLORS
 HARMONIES OF CONTRASTING
COLORS
 The group of color harmonies are contrasted because
the colors are selected and arranged in such a way
that the colors involved are found opposite each
other in the color chart. The types of contrasting
harmonies are:
 Complementary Harmonies – combination of any of
the two opposite colors in the chart. (ex. Yellow and
violet, green and yellow, pink and violet)
Double complementary harmony –
combination of any two adjacent colors in the
color charts with their compliments. Four colors
are needed to wake up this harmony. (blue –
violet, violet – yellow, yellow – orange)
Split complementary harmony – employs three
(3) colors to produce it by starting with any
color in the color chart with the exception of
three (3) secondary colors because the opposite
of a secondary color is a primary color.
 PROPERTIES OF COLORS
 Hue – this is the particular identity of a color. The principal hues are red,
yellow and blue. This is classified into two (2) warm and cool. Color is
said to be warm when red or yellow is dominant, and cool when blue is
the dominant color.
 Value – this term is applied to denote the lightness and darkness of a
color. Colors can be darker by making the pigments thicker, adding
black, or adding a little of its complement. Colors can be made lighter by
adding water or oil or white.
 Intensity – the term to denote the brightness and dullness of a color.
Color differ in intensity or vividness. Two colors may both be violet, one
just as dark as the other, but one maybe more intense than the other.
 THE MYSTERY OF COLOR
PERCEPTION
It has been a major problem that color vision
involves a physiological process, whereby light
energy is transformed into color signals to the
brain and a physiological process, by which the
brain interprets the signals. A composite theory
now evolving, may provide the best
explanation of how the human eye sees the
world in cascades of colors.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
 Design is the overall organizational visual structure of the
formal elements in a work of an art. A design is the proper
arrangement of the different art elements in order to produce
something beautiful. Good designs are the result of careful and
correct application of the principles of design. Architects give
order to space through their designs of building, considering the
façade, the interior and exterior aspects as well as doors and
windows
 The kinds of designs are structural design and decorative
design. The structural design shows the strength and durability
of materials. (e.g. monuments, buildings, bridges and towers).
This kind of design should meet such requirements as simplicity,
proportionality and suitability of material to the purpose
 On the other hand, the decorative design is the surface
enrichment of a structural design. Its principal function is to
enhance beauty, so it is called “the luxury of the design”. It
is the application of decorative design, simplicity is very
essential. The decorative designs give strength to the
materials. A decorative design must be simple, moderate
and must serve the purpose of the structural design. There
must be enough background and space to give an effect of
simplicity and dignity. Architects, engineers, artists and
sculptors are not only the designers in the world; everybody
is a designer. All of us are designers in our own ways.
EIFEL TOWER IN PARIS AND TWIN TOWER IN
MALAYSIA
 FIVE (5) PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
 BALANCE - Is the feeling of equality in weight, attention or
attraction of the various elements of design. It is the quality of two
contrasting forces having two opposite directions. In this principle,
the Law of Rest is always applied. It suggests stability, security,
satisfaction and peace. There are two kinds of balance; formal and
informal. Formal balance is achieved by the arrangement of the
same objects of the same sizes so that they have equal distances
from the center. Informal balance is the quality of stability in a
composition in which the objects on one side differ from those on
the other side and yet visually attract the attention with equal force.
 HARMONY – it is said to be the most essential of all the
principles of design. This principle is important in story,
letter, and poetry writing in order to be understood.
Applying harmony in the visual arts refers to the
adaptation of the visual elements to each other, the
agreement between the parts of a composition which
results in unity. Harmony is the art principle which gives an
impression of unity and since it implies unity, the Law of
Order is always followed.
 PROPORTION – it deals with the proper or significant
relation between two things or parts. The principle of
proportion is sometimes called “ Law of Relationships”.
This is expressed in size, numbers and positions.
 RHYTHM – rhythm in arts means easy, connected, path
along which the eye may travel in any arrangement of
lines, forms of colors. It is related movement, it suggest
something graceful. It is obtained through the repetition
of shapes through the progression of sizes and continuous
line movement.
 EMPHASIS – emphasis is the art principle by which the eye
is carried first to the most important thing in any
arrangement, and from that point to every other detail in
the order of its importance. The proper combination of
colors makes a greater impact or emphasis on a creative
artworks.
 REFERENCES
 Agawu, Kofi (2009)Music as Discourse:Semiotic Adventures in Romantic Music: New York: Oxford University
 Cajipe – Endaya, Imelda (2002) How to Document One’s Work. In paleta 5: A Handbook for visual artists; ed. Eloisa May
Hernandez, pp. 24-26.manila:NCCA
 Dudley, Louise and Austin Faricy( 1998): The Humanities: Applied Aesthetics. 4 th Ed. New York:McGraw – Hill.
 Fernandez, Steven Patrick (2010) Making Theatre: The Craft of the Stage:Iligan City: MSU – Iligan Institute of
Technology.Mindanao State University
 Fernandez, Steven Patrick (2009) The Human Image in the Arts. Iligan City: IPAG Arts Resource Management, Inc.
 Flores Patrick (2002). The Role of the Art Critic. In Paleta 5:A Handbook for visual artists; ed. Eloisa May Hernandez, pp.
27-31.manila:NCCA
 Honour, Hugh and John Fleming (2009) A World History of Art. 7th Ed. London. Laurence King Publishing
 Johnson Julian (2000) Who Needs Classical Music? Cultural Choice and Musical Value. New York: Oxford University Press
 Tabotabo, Claudio (2010) Art Appreciation. Introduction to the Humanities. Intramuros Manila: Philippines Minshapers Co.
Inc.
 Zulueta, Francisco (2007) The Humanities. Mandaluyong City, Philippines. National Book Store