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Relative Clause

1. Rosa grew up with her grandparents who took care of her and raised her. 2. After 16 years, a woman came claiming to be Rosa's mother, saying that Rosa's grandparents were actually her father's parents and that her parents had abandoned her and her mother. 3. The woman now wanted to take Rosa and give her a good home.

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Rye Enriquez
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38 views22 pages

Relative Clause

1. Rosa grew up with her grandparents who took care of her and raised her. 2. After 16 years, a woman came claiming to be Rosa's mother, saying that Rosa's grandparents were actually her father's parents and that her parents had abandoned her and her mother. 3. The woman now wanted to take Rosa and give her a good home.

Uploaded by

Rye Enriquez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RELATIVE

CLAUSE
Rosa grew up
with her
grandparents who
took care of her,
sent her to school,
and taught her
household chores
and how to behave
well.
She never knew her
parents. She was told
her parents died in an
accident. After sixteen
years, a woman came
saying she was Rosa's
mother.
The woman said that Rosa's
grandparents were the parents of
Rosa's father who had
abandoned her and her mother.
Now, the woman
claimed she was
ready to take
Rosa and give
her a good and
comfortable
home.
1. Rosa grew up with her
grandparents who took care of her.

2. The woman said that Rosa's


grandparents were the parents of
Rosa's father who had abandoned
her and her mother.
A relative clause is a
subordinate clause that begins
with a question word (e.g. who,
which, where) or the word that.
You can use it to modify a noun
or pronoun (i.e. to identify or give
more information about it).
• Students who can develop independent
learning skills often achieve good
academic results.
• There is a new book that investigates the
controversy over political reforms in
Hong Kong.
• A university is a place where people
pursue advanced knowledge in specific
academic disciplines.
• The lecture theatre in which the
inauguration ceremony will be held is
now being cleaned.
1. Relative pronouns

Words like who, that and when are often


referred to as relative pronouns when they
are used to introduce relative clauses. You
use:
who for people, which for things, and that for
both people and things.
whom as the object of a relative clause (in more
formal English), though it is increasingly common
to replace it with who.
whose to indicate possession, as a determiner
before nouns.
1. Relative pronouns

For example:
• What’s the name of the person
who/that first landed on the moon?
• This is Dr. Perkins, whom we met at
a conference in Canada last year.
•All students whose registration
numbers begin with 374 should
immediately go to the library for a
tour.
Relative pronouns The following
relative pronouns are used in defining
relative clauses:

  Person Thing Place Time Reason

Subject who/that which/that

who/who/
Object which/that where when why
that

Possessive whose whose      


Relative pronouns The following
relative pronouns are used in defining
relative clauses:

Notes:

"Who", "whom" and "which"


can be replaced by "that".
This is very common in
spoken English.
The "relative pronoun" can be
omitted (ø) when it is the object of
the clause.

For example:

The mouse that the elephant loved


was very beautiful.

The mouse /ø the elephant loved


was very beautiful.
"Whose" is used for things as well
as for people.

For example:

The man whose car was stolen.


A tree whose leaves have fallen.
"Whom" is very formal and is only
used in written English. You can
use "who/that, or omit" the pronoun
completely.

For example:

The doctor whom/who/that/ø I was


hoping to see wasn't on duty.
"That" normally follows words like
"something, anything, everything,
nothing, all, and superlatives".

For example:

There's something that you should


know.
It was the best film that I've ever
seen.
2. Types of relative clause

There are two types of relative


clause: defining and non-defining.

You use a defining (or restrictive)


relative clause to ‘identify’ or ‘restrict
the reference of’ a noun. You do not
separate it from the rest of the
sentence by commas (in text) or
pauses (in speech).
2. Types of relative clause

• The student who achieves the


highest GPA score in this
department will be awarded a prize
of $20,000.
• Computer games that involve
fighting and shooting apparently
have a negative effect on young
people.
2. Types of relative clause

You use a non-defining (or non-


restrictive) relative clause to supply
additional information about the
noun, whose identity or reference is
already established. You can also
use it to comment on the whole
situation described in a main clause.
2. Types of relative clause

• Albert Einstein, who put forward the


theory of relativity, is considered by
many as the most intelligent person in
human history.

• The ELC, which provides language


support to PolyU students, is located in
the AG wing.

* You should not use the relative pronoun


that in non-defining relative clauses.
The woman who lives in apartment
No. 34 has been arrested.

An elephant is an animal that lives in


hot countries.

Do you know the girl who is talking


to Tom?

Has anyone seen the book I was


reading?
The document that I need has
"important" written at the top.

Let's go to a country where the sun


always shines.

A seaman is someone who works on


a ship.

The boy /who/whom/ø we met


yesterday is very nice.

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