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Light

1) Light travels in straight lines at very fast speeds and can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed. It comes in a spectrum of wavelengths both visible and invisible to humans. 2) Visible light is made up of seven colors which can be combined additively or subtractively. Objects appear colored because they selectively absorb or reflect wavelengths of light. 3) Reflection off mirrors and other surfaces follows the law that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Refraction through lenses and other transparent materials changes the direction of light.

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306 views26 pages

Light

1) Light travels in straight lines at very fast speeds and can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed. It comes in a spectrum of wavelengths both visible and invisible to humans. 2) Visible light is made up of seven colors which can be combined additively or subtractively. Objects appear colored because they selectively absorb or reflect wavelengths of light. 3) Reflection off mirrors and other surfaces follows the law that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Refraction through lenses and other transparent materials changes the direction of light.

Uploaded by

An Bautista
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What Is Light?

 In this Powerpoint presentation:

1) Properties of light
2) Colors
3) Reflection - Mirrors
4) Refraction - Lenses
Properties of Light

Light travels in straight


lines:

Laser
 Light travels much faster than sound. For example:

1) Thunder and lightning


start at the same time,
but we will see the
lightning first.

2) When a starting pistol


is fired we see the
smoke first and then
hear the bang.
 Lighttravels VERY FAST – about 300,000
kilometers per second or 186,000 miles
per second.

At this speed light


could travel the
equivalent of 8 times
around the world in
one second!
 Light can create shadows

Shadows are places where light is “blocked”:

Rays of light
Light travels in waves

 A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy from place


to place.
What characteristics do light
waves have?
 Light waves are like other kinds of waves. They have
crests, troughs, wavelength, frequency and speed.
However, light waves are electromagnetic! Light waves
have a component that is electric and magnetic!!
We see things because they reflect
light into our eyes! This is literally
the only way we get to see things!
ALL objects we see either create
light or reflect light!!

Homework
Properties of Light summary

1) Light travels in straight lines and is a form


of energy
2) Light travels much faster (a million times
faster!) than sound
3) We see things because they reflect light
into our eyes
4) Shadows are formed when light is blocked
by an object
5) Visible light is only a small part of the
electromagnetic spectrum; the other parts
are invisible to the human eye but not
necessarily the eyes of other animals.
The degree that light bends when it enters a
new medium is called the “index of refraction”
Review of Refraction

1. Light rays slow down when they enter a new


medium
2. Refraction can cause light rays to change
their direction
3. All transparent materials have their own
“index of refraction”
4. Light is refracted when it passes through
lenses and this creates images
Color
 White light is not a single color; it is made up of a
mixture of the seven colors of the rainbow.

We can demonstrate this by


splitting white light with a
prism:

This is how rainbows are


formed: sunlight is “split up”
by raindrops.
The colors of the rainbow:

 Red
 Orange
 Yellow
 Green
 Blue
 Indigo
 Violet

Just remember ROY G. BIV


Adding colors of light
 White light can be split up to make separate colors.
These colors can be added together again.

 The primary colors of light are red, blue and green:

Adding blue and red Adding blue and


makes magenta green makes cyan
(purple) (light blue)

Adding red Adding all


and green three makes
makes yellow white again
Seeing color
 The color an object appears depends on the colors
of light it reflects.

For example, a red book only reflects red light:

White Only red light


light is reflected
 In different colors of light this shirt would look different:

Red
Shirt looks red
light

Shorts look black

Shirt looks black


Blue
light

Shorts look blue


A pair of purple trousers would reflect purple light
(and red and blue, as purple is made up of red and blue):

Purple light

A white hat would reflect all seven colors:

White
light
Using filters
 Filters can be used to “block” out different colours of light:

Red
Filter

Magenta
Filter
Some further examples:
Color object
Object Color of light
seems to be
Red Red
Red
Blue Black
socks
Green Black
Red Black
Blue
Blue
teddy
Green
Red
Green
Blue
camel
Green
Red
Magent
Blue
a book
Green
Investigating filters

Color of filter Colors that could be “seen”


Red
Green
Blue
Cyan
Magenta
Yellow
Red Blue Green White

Yellow Cyan Magenta


Part 2 - Reflection and Mirrors

 Reflection from a mirror:

Normal

Incident ray Reflected ray

Angle of Angle of
incidence reflection

Mirror
The Law of Reflection

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection

In other words, light gets reflected from a surface at


____ _____ angle it hits it.

The
same !!!
The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum shows all the different


types of light and how they are related to each other.
Below you can see the different types of waves that are on
the spectrum and approximately how big their
wavelengths are. Below you can see the different types of
waves that are on the spectrum and approximately how big their
wavelengths are.

All the waves of the electromagnetic spectrum are forms of light,


they just have different wavelengths and frequency.
HOPE YOU
LEARNED
SOMETHING TODAY

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