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    Cholera Presentation

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    Cholera is an infection of the small intestine caused by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms range from none to severe and include watery diarrhea, vomiting, and muscle cramps. The disease is spread through unsafe water and food contaminated with human feces containing the bacteria. Prevention focuses on access to clean water, sanitation, vaccination, and surveillance systems to combat the spread of cholera.

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    Cholera Presentation

    Uploaded by

    jani
    62 views10 pages
    Cholera is an infection of the small intestine caused by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms range from none to severe and include watery diarrhea, vomiting, and muscle cramps. The disease is spread through unsafe water and food contaminated with human feces containing the bacteria. Prevention focuses on access to clean water, sanitation, vaccination, and surveillance systems to combat the spread of cholera.

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    Cholera is an infection of the small intestine caused by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms range from none to severe and include watery diarrhea, vomiting, and muscle cramps. The disease is spread through unsafe water and food contaminated with human feces containing the bacteria. Prevention focuses on access to clean water, sanitation, vaccination, and surveillance systems to combat the spread of cholera.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    62 views10 pages

    Cholera Presentation

    Uploaded by

    jani
    Cholera is an infection of the small intestine caused by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms range from none to severe and include watery diarrhea, vomiting, and muscle cramps. The disease is spread through unsafe water and food contaminated with human feces containing the bacteria. Prevention focuses on access to clean water, sanitation, vaccination, and surveillance systems to combat the spread of cholera.

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    CHOLERA,

    SIGNS AND
    CAUSES OF IT
    Made by: Borjan, Andrej T. and Leon
    What is cholera?
    Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of
    the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms may range from
    none, to mild, to severe. The classic symptom is large
    amounts of watery diarrhea that lasts a few
    days. Vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur.

    This may result in sunken eyes, cold


    skin, decreased skin elasticity, and
    wrinkling of the hands and
    feet. Dehydration can cause the skin to
    turn bluish. Symptoms start two hours
    to five days after exposure.
    How is cholera caused?
    Cholera is caused by a number
    of types of Vibrio cholerae, with
    some types producing more
    severe disease than others. It is
    spread mostly by unsafe
    water and unsafe food that has
    been contaminated with human
    feces containing the bacteria.
    Undercooked shellfish is a
    common source. Humans are the
    only known host for the bacteria.
    Risk factors for the disease include
    poor sanitation, not enough
    clean drinking water, and poverty.
    Signs and symptoms of cholera
    Prevention from cholera
    The World Health Organization (WHO)
    recommends focusing on prevention,
    preparedness, and response to combat the
    spread of cholera. They also stress the
    importance of an effective surveillance
    system. Governments can play a role in all of
    these areas.
    Cholera vaccine

    Cholera vaccines are vaccines that are effective at


    preventing cholera.[8] For the first six months after
    vaccination they provide about 85 percent protection,
    which decreases to 50 percent or 62 percent during the
    first year. After two years the level of protection decreases
    to less than 50 percent. When enough of the population is
    immunized, it may protect those who have not been
    immunized (known as herd immunity).
    Mechanism of the cholera
    Genetic structure of cholera

    Amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting of the


    pandemic isolates of V. cholerae has revealed variation in the
    genetic structure. Two clusters have been identified: Cluster I
    and Cluster II. For the most part, Cluster I consists of strains
    from the 1960s and 1970s, while Cluster II largely contains
    strains from the 1980s and 1990s, based on the change in the
    clone structure. This grouping of strains is best seen in the
    strains from the African continent.
    THANK YOU FOR YOUR
    ATTENTION

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