PETREL FUNDAMENATALS COURSE

About petrel
Petrel seismic to simulation software helps increase reservoir performance by
improving asset team productivity. Geophysicists, geologists and reservoir engineers
can develop collaborative workflows and integrate operations to streamline processes.
Petrel Benefits
Unify workflows for E & P teams; Eliminate the gaps in traditional systems that
require handoffs from one technical domain to the next using petrel model-centric
workflows in a shared earth model.
Manage risk and uncertainty; Easily test multiple scenarios, analyze risk and
uncertainty, capture data relationships and parameters to perform rapid updates as new
data arrives, and perform detailed simulation history matching.
Enable knowledge management and best practices; Reduce workflow learning
curves by capturing best practices via the workflow Editor, providing quick access to
preferred workflows, and increasing ease of use through intuitive and repeatable
workflows.
Accelerate innovative software development; Seamlessly integrate your
intellectual property into the petrel workflow through the open ocean frame work.
This environment leverages .NET tools and offers stable, user-friendly interfaces for
efficient development, allowing focus on innovation rather than infrastructure.

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• The petrel fundamentals course is the foundation for all petrel courses and is a requirement before taking
any other petrel training; especially the petrel basic courses specialized for Geology, Geophysics and
Reservoir Engineering. By attending this course, you will obtain a general introduction to the basic
functionality in petrel.
• Major Aim;
 To learn about elementary usage of petrel.
Objectives;
 Navigate the petrel user interface
 Demonstrate a project set-up
 Successfully import data
 Visualization of data
 Make surfaces from in put data
 Construct a simple grid
 Populate the model with geometrical properties
 Develop workflows for mapping and plotting.

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 COMMON PETREL TERMINOLOGY

• Automatic legend- A predefined template displaying the color table legend of a displayed object.
• Display window- Window for display, the visualization of project data. Two types of display windows; 2D & 3D.
• Function bar- Also called the tool bar (in Microsoft terminology). Group of icons on a horizontal or vertical bar.
These icons change as different processes are selected in the processes pane.
• Horizon interpretation- Interpretation done on seismic.
• Horizon in a 3D grid-A geological surface in the 3D grid. The main difference between a horizon and a surface in
petrel is that a horizon uses 3D rather than a 2D grid. This means it can have multiple z values at a single xy value,
where as a surface can not. As a result, reverse faults can be accounted for.
• Intersection- A plane along which data can be displayed. These can be positioned in any direction along model grid
lines, seismic lines, well paths or intersection fences. Intersections can be printed from 2D, 3D or intersection
windows.
• Model- A 3D grid or group of grids based on the same fault structure and boundaries. Each project can contain
several models and each model can contain several 3D grids.
• Nodes- Points in the 3D grid where pillars are intersected by horizons.
• Pillars- Vertical lines connecting the corner points of the 3D grids cells.
• Property models- Data on geometric, petrophysical and facies properties held with in each cell of the 3D grid.
• Seismic vintage folder- Works as a filter to visualize different versions of the same seismic data. Allows the user to
switch between different seismic attributes contained with in a single survey.
• Surfaces- A surface held in a 2D grid. Compare with the horizon in a 3D grid. Not locked to the model (3D grid).
Used as input data to build model.
• Template- An object describing the color table settings common to groups of data. Petrel comes with several
predefined templates and seismic color tables.

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• Toggle- Describes the action of switching objects and folders on or off in the petrel explorer panes for
visualization purposes. Example; toggle on the wells in the input pane; refers to the action of selecting the
check box in front of the wells folder in the input pane.
• Well correction-Correction of surfaces at well entry points.
• Well tops- Intersection points between well trajectories and structural surfaces. Sometimes called well
points or tie points.
• 3D grid- A corner point 3D grid suitable for geological modeling and/or flow simulation.
More terminology can be accessed via the Help Center.

DATA SET
Gulfaks Field
A major oil field in the North Sea; exploration started in 1974, and it is now producing through 3 platforms.
Commercially released data by Statoil ( a Norwegian oil company)
Field Description
Rotated fault blocks caused a structural trap. Reservoir is mainly lower to middle Jurassic sandstones.
1.9 billion barrels of recoverable oil
23 billion cubic meters of gas
2.4 million tons of condensate
Data Description
Wells, well logs, well tops, velocity data, 3D seismic.
Coordinate System
MENTOR:ED50-UTM31:European 1950 Based UTM, Zone 31 North, Meter

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 PETREL BASICS
This covers the petrel user interface and some important project parameters. After these parameters have been set, you can start to populate
the project with data

Objectives
 Start petrel with a new or existing project
 Learn about the general user interface
 Understand important project parameters, coordinates and units
 Understand how to access and use the online Help
 You will be working in a student folder that has been assigned to you. On local disk D, go to Course
Material folder > Petrel Fundamentals Course folder > Student folder.
Starting Petrel
 Click on the start button. From the dialog box that appears, click on petrel icon. A pop-up dialog box
appears, requesting you to accept the license. Click ok
 Or double click on the short cut on the desktop and follow procedures as mentioned above for petrel to
open.
Petrel User Interface
This consists of two main windows, the display window and the petrel explorer planes.
Display window- Where objects are displayed. The objects can be of different types. Any number of windows
can be open at the same time.
Petrel explorer panes
 Input pane
 Models pane
 Templates pane
 Favorites pane
 Processes pane
 Cases pane Workflows pane
 Windows pane
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The following image shows the petrel user interface as it appears in classic mode

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Description
Menu bar- Provides sub-menus to access dialog boxes, pop-up menus, commands, and features.
Tool bar- Provides tools for commonly accessed commands. These tools are useful shortcuts for items that can also
be found through the menu bar. Tool bars can be un docked & moved to become floating tool bars with free
placements. Right click the tool bars to relock them.
Function bar- Provides process specific tools. Tools in the function bar change as different processes are
selected. There can be two function bars; always o the right side and sometimes below the display window. The
function bar can be moved-floated outside the petrel shell or slid along the frame- by clicking and dragging the
perforation symbol ( . . . )
Window display and Tabs- Display checked items in the petrel explorer panes.
Status bar (message)- Displays information on processes or any other contextual information, for example, menu
item details.
Status bar (info)- Displays information about selected item in the active window.
Petrel explorer panes- Each piece of data has an associated icon, and these can be organized into folders and sub
folders in one of eight panes.
i. Favorites – Allows you to build a list of shortcuts to the objects you use most. To add a short cut; highlight the
object & drag & drop object into favorites pane.
ii. Input- Contains imported data such as wells, seismic, surfaces, lines, points, gridded surfaces and SEG-Y data.
iii. Models-Contains the generated 3D models, velocity models.
iv. Results- contains the numerical results from volume calculations and simulations. They can be browsed and
reports made.
v. Templates- contain color tables used to display data e.g. color tables for continuous, discrete and seismic
property templates.
vi. Cases- Provides access to all cases defined for simulation and volume calculation.
vii. Work flows- Stores results from the work flow Editor and uncertainty and optimization process. In addition it
contains predefined variables.
viii. Windows –Stores all open & active plots.
ix. Processes- this contains a list of all available processes in petrel.
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Customizing Petrel Panes
Panes can be docked in new locations, pinned, displayed as floating panes outside the shell or hidden from view.
 Floating and docking- To float a pane, right click a pane & check Floating. To redock a pane at its original
position, right click the header & uncheck Floating. To pin the pane to different location inside the petrel shell
( top, left, bottom, right), click and drag the pane over the dock indicator.
 Hiding and viewing panes- To hide a pane right click a pane’s header and click the Hide command. To view a
hidden pane, go to View menu, place cursor on panes and choose the pane you want to view by clicking.
If panes have been moved around and you would like to go back to the default mode of visualizing the panes; go to
Tools> system settings > Effects tab and click the Reset lay out button.
Creating and Saving New petrel Project
 Double click on petrel icon on the Desktop to open an empty project.
 Go to File menu > Save project as. A pop-up dialog box appears. Choose location to store the file (e.g.
Desktop, local disk D or C). Specify file name and click Save. Usually the file is stored as .pet file.
Opening an Existing Project
 Double click on .pet file to open an already saved project.
 Or with petrel open, go to File menu > Open project. Or click on tool bar icon; a pop-up dialog appears and
select .pet file then click open.
Note: < project name> .pet – this file contains links to all related objects in a saved project.
< project name > .ptd – contains all the data object files
 Both the .pet file and the .ptd folder are required to be able to open and use a petrel project.

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Automatic Save

Petrel can save a project periodically at a user defined time interval.

 Go to File menu > Automatic Save > Misc settings 1 >Auto save every. Define the time (e.g. every 15
minutes). T o avoid getting a pop-up message each time petrel performs the automatic save function, choose
Silent auto save.
 Or go to Project menu > project settings > Misc settings 1 > Auto save every.
Project Settings and Units
 Project info- go to Project menu > Project settings > Info tab. Fill in the information.
 Projection and Units- go to coordinates & units tab > Select button and select coordinate system to use.
Toggle on Lat/long format for activating the petrel spatial awareness. Select a standard project unit system
from the drop down menu (e.g. metric or Field) or toggle customize to set units from a mixed unit system.
System Settings
Tools menu > System settings > Effects tab
Important to look at is;
Multiline tabs- Set petrel to visualize tabs in dialog windows as multiline tabs instead of all tabs at one line.
Rename node directly- Makes it possible to rename objects, folders & items in the explorer panes just by clicking
on the name of the item of interest.
Reset layout- It resets the layout to default settings.
Online Help- manual
Go to Help menu > Help center

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 Project settings
Automatic save

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DATA IMPORT
• This covers ways how to import data with different formats and how to quality check your input data after importing
it. We will start a new project and import necessary input data for building our 3D model.
Objectives
 Import data into petrel using correct data format for loading.
 Organize input data into folders 7 subfolders
 Copy data to and from a Reference project
 Export data from petrel
 Visualization- Quality check (QC)
Data Types
Line Data (xyz)-2D & 3D lines from seismic data, fault interpretations from seismic (fault polygons, fault sticks). Lines
can be imported as points or converted to points after import.
Point Data (xyz)- xy locations with or with out z-values such as well tops, isochore thicknesses, velocity points in the
position of wells.
2D grids- Any array of points organized as a grid such as horizons based on seismic interpretation or well tops, trend
maps, porosity, isochore.
Wells- Data for wells are of several types; well header (contains information about top position, well path length, & well
name), deviation surveys (well path), well logs & well tops (are attached to well path upon import).
Seismic Data- Both 2D & 3D grid seismic.
3D grids- A 3D grid is defined by cells with attributes assigned to each cell.
Bitmaps- images of type bmp, jpg, tiff, tif, gif, png.

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Importing Data

 To locate for input data to use in your project; go to course

material folder > petrel fundamentals folder > input data >
petrel_training_Jun14 > Data import.
a. Well Data
 Well heads- go to insert menu > New well. Right click wells
folder in the input pane > import on selection > Browse from
well input data > well header>choose format > select well
header file> click open. Match attributes with data & click ok or
Ok for all.
 Well path/deviation- Right click wells folder > import on
selection > select all dev text files > choose format>click open.
Match well name with well trace. Click ok. Then compare
column input data. Click ok for all.
 Well logs- Right click wells folder> import on selection>select
all las files>choose format>click open. A pop-up dialog appears
requesting you to match files & wells. Click ok for all.
 Check shots- Right click wells folder>import in
selection>choose format>select all check shots>click open.
Match attribute, name, & type with data (header info). Click ok
for all.
b. Well tops
 Go to insert menu> new well tops. Right click well tops folder>
import on selection>well input data>well tops>select well tops
text file>choose format>click open. Match attributes, name &
type with data. Click ok for all.
 Well tops spreadsheet- can be used to manually import the well
tops. Right click well tops folder > spreadsheet > append a new
row in the spreadsheet. Well tops can also be copied from an
excel file.
c. Seismic Data
 Go to insert menu > seismic main folder. Right click seismic
folder > insert seismic survey. Right click the survey > import
on selection> browse for seismic input data > 3D volume >
select mig.sgy file> choose format> click open. Specify the
template (e.g. elevation time or thickness depth). Click ok for
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all.
d. Lines and points
Data and Formats
Go to insert menu> New folder. Data Type Format
Rename the folder (e.g. Lines). Right
Wells Well header Well heads (*.*)
click the folder> import on selection>
browse for data & select the general Well path/dev Well path/dev (ASCII) (*.*)
lines/points (ASCII) format> click
open. Match column data with header
info, specify number of header lines. Well logs Well logs (ASCII) (*.*)
Click ok. Data is then loaded as points
or lines.
Well logs (LAS) (*.*)
Note: Click ok for all if all the files
have the same format, and ok if they
have different formats. Check shots Check shots format (ASCII)
(*.*)

Well tops Petrel well tops (ASCII) (*.*)

Seismic 3D volume SEG-Y seismic data (*.*)

2D volume SEG-Y seismic data (*.*)

Lines Zmap+lines (ASCII) (*.*)

Points Zmap+points (ASCII) (*.*)

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 Importing Data Using Reference Project
Tool
•It is possible to import & export data to &
from a reference project by a two way
transfer.
•Reference project tool promotes team
collaboration by helping you share &
compare data between different projects.
•Go to File menu > Reference project tool.
A window with a current (working project)
& reference project (background project) is
opened. Select data & copy it into project
using blue arrow buttons (two way
transfer).
•To save a reference project, save it as
a .petR instead of a .pet.
 Click the open project button. In the
dialog box that appears; under local disk
D, go to course material folder > petrel
fundamentals folder > input data >
petrel_training_Jun14 > fundamentals >
complete .pet. Then begin to transfer data
of interest into your project.

Quality Check (QC) of Imported Data

•After data has been imported into petrel,
you should always perform a quality check
to verify that it looks the way you expected.
•A typical way to inspect data is by
displaying it & by checking the statistics
tab.
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Visualization
• This enables an efficient way to quality check the imported data & any other object in petrel using the display
windows
• Also to cover are the spreadsheets, settings, well section fence & the general intersection, studio collaborate.
a) Display Windows
 3D window- For visualization of data in 3D.
 2D window- For visualization of data in 2D. Useful when working with polygons 7 when you want to be
certain that you are viewing the display from above.
 Map window- used for plotting horizons & layers in the 3D property. Also used for making all types of maps.
 Intersection window- Plotting window for intersections. An intersection is a plane cutting through a 3D object,
equivalent to a cross section. Types of intersections include seismic lines, fault intersection planes, vertical
intersection lines from polygons, 3D grid intersections & well fences.
 Interpretation window- 2D window used for seismic interpretation.
 Histogram window- used for plotting histograms
 Function window- used for potting cross plots, variograms, functions etc.
 Stereonet window- used for displaying dip & azimuth data.
 Well section window- used for well correlation & for interpreting the logs.
 Plot window- 2D window that can be used to display intersections, diagrams, functions, plots, maps, 2D
interpretation. Multiple view pots can be inserted. A view port is a limited rectangular area where objects are
displayed.
 Tornado plot window- used to display tornado charts that rank the sensitivity of variables in a sensitivity
study.
Visualization domains (ANY, TWT, TVD)
ANY- is unitless and all data can be displayed & the volume dimensions will be adjusted so that data are visible.
Changing the domain to TWT or TVD will limit data which can be displayed.
TWT picked- user specified two way time. Values will not change if the time-depth relationship defined for the
well is edited.
TWT Auto- Two way time calculated from the measured depth picks using the time-depth relationship defined for15 a
well. If the time-depth relationship is edited, these values will be updated.
Visualization of seismic
•Visualize seismic in a 3D window with a cube, in
an interpretation window, review statistics &
geometry, load base map (2D).
•Select the check box in front of the seismic data to
visualize the outline of the seismic.
•Right click on a seismic volume to access the pull
down menu. Here you can choose to create seismic
lines, crop a volume, realize a volume, generate
attribute volume.
Display in a Base map (2D window)
•A petrel 2D window can be used as a seismic base
map.
•Open a 2D window & rename to seismic base map.
Right click the survey folder> show settings> style
tab > specify annotation settings. Select check
boxes to display seismic lines.
Volume Rendering
•It can help discovering features in your volume &
applies for ZGY seismic (realized).
•By making the volume partly opaque & partly
transparent, hidden structural & depositional
features can be identified.
•It is good idea to use cropped volume for the
volume rendering process.
•Expand the 3D seismic volume. Double click the
realized volume (mig realized) to show settings.
Go to style tab > volume visualization > check
volume render > click apply or ok.
Realizing Seismic volume
•Expand the survey folder (3D seismic). Right click
the mig volume > Realize. A dialog box appears.
Click on Realize button > click apply or ok.

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Displaying Well Data in Time

A Time-Depth Relationship is required

(TDR).
Load velocity data for wells (e.g. check
shots, sonic logs)
Create time log for each well. This will
determine the TDR to use for displaying
well data in time.
Display well bores
Set domain & display picks & fault cuts.
Creating Time Logs
Double click on the wells folder to open
settings dialog box > Time tab. If there are
multiple entries make sure the preferred
TDR is first on the list. Click Run & click
ok. A time log will be created for each well.
Displaying Bore Holes in Time
Change the domain to TWT
Toggle on the wells or expand the folder
& toggle on individual wells.
Adjust display parameters by double
clicking on the wells folder & going to the
style tab.
Displaying Well tops in Time
Change the domain to TWT.
Toggle on the well tops > expand the
attributes folder under well tops folder >
toggle on TWT Auto attribute.

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Well Section Window
•Builds a correlation panel between
several wells, well logs, point data &
several marker types (well tops).
•It allows you to display well data to
determine the similarity & correlation of
rock bodies through an area of interest.
•Both lithostatic and chronostratigraphic
correlations can be performed.
a. How to Use Well section window
template.
Go to Window menu > well section
window.
You can either; Create a new well
section template or Use an existing
template. A template will be added to the
templates pane.
The well section window uses a
template-centric system which allows
you to define a log curve preference
system for the well section window,
choose from default well section
templates, share well section templates
between projects & define your own
default well section templates.

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b. Define a Well Section Window
Go to windows pane > double click to open
settings for well section window > Select the
Definition tab.
Define the well position synchronization;
Scroll relative- synchronizing all wells, Flatten
on well top.
Define the well scale, choose between;
Arbitrary- either no synchronization or scaling
all the wells relatively by the same factor,
Absolute value.
Define the depth measurement type for the
vertical scale.
Add wells to the well section window from the
input pane using the blue arrow.
c. Zooming & Scrolling
 White Vs Gray area- Next to each well
there is a depth panel separated into white &
Gray. The white area shows the relative area
of each well log that is being displayed. If
the white area fills up the entire depth log
panel, then the entire log is being displayed.
 To scroll the view of the well(s)- position
the mouse pointer over the white area. A
hand appears. When the hand is showing,
click & hold the left mouse button & move
the white area up or down.
 To zoom in on an area (change scale)-
position the mouse pointer on the border
between the white & the gray areas. An
arrow will appear & when it is showing,
click & hold the left mouse button & drag
the line between the gray & the white area.

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d. General Track Settings
Go to well section template settings by
clicking on the short cut on the tool bar or
double click on the well section template Well section template settings icon
under templates pane.
Change the width of the panels. Also use the
pick mode to change the size of the log panels
by dragging the edge of the panel header.
Define the log scaling, linear or logarithmic Create/edit curve fill button
Decide on the display of the track; grid
lines, either horizontal or the vertical lines.
Decide on the background color &
transparency.
When a log curve is added to the well section,
it will get a track folder & a corresponding.
e. Color Fill
• This is controlled by the template
associated to each log.
 Click the create/edit curve fill button on
the function bar > left click in the area
between the log curve & the panel edge.
 More complex curve fills can be
designed through the curve filling tab
under the well section template settings.
To add a new curve fill; click the append
arrow button > specify the depth interval
> select the fill edge > fill style with
pattern & colors. Click ok or apply.

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Well Section Fence
A well intersection fence is an arbitrary
seismic line connecting selected wells. It is
possible to interpret horizons & faults on a
well intersection fence Well section fence
Go to window menu > well section
window > toggle on the wells you want to
include.
The well section fence is placed in the
cross section folder in the input pane, named
after the previously created well section.
Click on the blue button > Toggle
visualization on plane icon at the bottom
left corner of petrel interface.
Select your seismic volume on which to
create a vertical intersection.
Click on the light blue check box in front
of it & the seismic will be displayed on the
fence.
General Intersection
To create a general intersection, right click
on a folder in the input pane & select General
intersection
Clip the data displayed in 3D in front or
behind the plane.
Click toggle visualization on plane button
to display. Toggle visualization on plane icon
Use the player to move the general
intersection

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STUDIO COLLABORATE

•The studio collaborate functionalities opens up

for an even more collaborative petrel
environment. The functionalities are split into 3
focus areas; My petrel, Studio collaborate &
Studio knowledge. Studio Annotate
•My petrel contains the option of creating your
own Favorites pane & personalizing the petrel
user interface based on your own preferences.
•Studio collaborate consist of 3 new
functionalities; Studio Find, Studio Annotate
& Studio Share. These features allow the user
to communicate freely in their petrel
collaboration.
Studio Find- helps users search & find data
quickly with in petrel environment.
Studio Annotate- allows users to share their
technical knowledge & make it visible within
their projects by being able to add sticky notes
with comments, attachments or a link.
Studio Share- is an online collaboration
between two petrel sessions, similar to sharing
desktop during a Microsoft out look live
meeting. Two colleagues can work with in the
same petrel project helping each other &
collaborating directly on the same objects
inside of petrel at the same time. Studio share
is sold separately from the petrel core license.
Studio knowledge- Is an enhanced petrel
Data base solution that comes with the petrel
core license. Studio knowledge gathers data,
info & context of data & shares this across the
petrel environment. Data + information =
Knowledge

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MAKE/EDIT SURFACES A surface in 3D
Objectives
Make/edit polygons process
Make/edit surface process & settings
Example of surfaces
Style settings
•Make edit surface is used for creating 2D grid
surfaces based on point data, line data, polygons,
surfaces, bitmaps & well tops. Edits on the input
data can easily regenerate & update the surfaces.
•Examples of the use of surfaces in petrel;
Input to the make horizon process
Input to the make zones process (isochores)
Input to the make contacts process (as a contact)
To assign values directly in property modeling
(facies modeling or petrophysical modeling)
As a 2D trend in data analysis & property
Make/edit polygon button
modeling.
As a probability map for facies objects
Start new set of polygons
As a surface definition variation in the size & (deactivate old) button
shape of facies objects.
Input to the make local grids process, make
aquifer process & well path design process. Close polygons button
How to make polygons/points
Under utilities in the processes pane, activate
the make/edit polygons process. Function tools
will appear in the bar to the right.
Activate the make/edit polygons button & start
new set of polygons (deactivate old) button
To close the polygons, select close polygons or
double click at the starting point. Polygons are
stored in the input pane.
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•The make/edit polygons process can also
be used to create boundaries fro aquifers,
local grid refinements & sector models.
•To make a boundary for a surface,
display it in a 2D window.
•Right click the polygon in the input
pane. Go to settings > info tab to select
the line type.
•To use the polygon as a boundary,
choose Generic boundary polygon as
line type.
How to make Surfaces (e.g.
stratigraphic surface)
Double click Make/Edit surface in the
process pane under utilities.
Drop in data to be gridded (e.g. seismic
interpreted horizon).
Use a boundary polygon
Name the new surface
Suggest settings from input (seismic
lines high density) > specify the
algorithm to use in the Algorithm tab
Specify the grid size & increment
specifications in geometry tab.
The use of additional inputs are
available for some algorithms (well tops
in time)
The surface is stored in the input pane
after clicking Apply or ok.
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 Input For Isochore Surfaces- How to create Isochore
points

Highlight a well top, click on the next well

top that will define the isochore interval &
select convert to isochore points.
A new point data set is created in the input
pane. Select to visualize in 3D window
Right click on the thickness attribute &
select use as visual vertical position. Points
are now shown as thickness points in the 3D
window. Thickness is now marked in purple
in the attributes folder.
Note: if the thickness is negative; go to
calculations tab in the settings of the new
points & click the button: Assign: z=-z
•When you create isochore points, you will
get a list of predefined attributes. The ones
related to thickness are;
TST-True Stratigraphic Thickness. This is
the thickness between two layers measured
90 degrees on the layers. This is equal to
isopach.
TVT- True Vertical Thickness. This is the
thickness between two layers measured
vertical. This is equal to the isochore.
Thickness- This attribute represent the
TVD between well markers.
Incase of a vertical well or if the layering is
horizontal the thickness = TVT.
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How to Make an Isochore Surface
•After the isochore points have been created
they can be gridded up as a surface
(thickness map).
Open the Make/Edit surfaces process
Drop in the isochore points in the main
input field > select the thickness attribute
from the drop down menu in the Attribute
field.
Click the suggest settings from input
button & select isochore points/residuals.
Set appropriate geometry under the
Geometry tab.
Visualize the new isochore map in the 3D
window together with the isochore points.
Generate a Velocity Surface
Use velocity data (points) as input in the
process.
Select the point attribute to be used for the
gridding.
Input the geometry settings & the
algorithm to be used, set algorithm settings
Click ok. Review the result in a3D
window
How to recover the settings & regenerate
a surface.
Highlight a surface in the input pane
Open the make/edit surface process &
input the highlighted surface in the Result
surface field.
Right click on an edited surface and
choose Regenerate. 26
Style Settings of a surface
Right click on any surface in the
input pane & select settings.
To change the display of the contour
lines, go to contour lines tab.
Under the solid tab, you can control
the settings for the filling between
contour lines.
Show the grid lines & control its
display settings under the Grid lines
tab.
Surface Calculations & Operations
Right click the surface > show
settings > calculations tab. It also has
operations tab e.g. General smooth
under operations; go to settings >
operations tab > expand the surface
operations folder > select smooth >
specify the number of smooth
iterations. Click Run to remove
random noise & spikes.

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MAKE SIMPLE GRID
Objectives
Use surfaces as input for the process
Make simple grid process
Visualization
•A 3D model needs a lattice prior to the
generation of 3D cells. The lattice can be
built in 4 ways; Make simple grid, Corner
point gridding, Structural frame work &
Structural gridding.
•A simple grid in petrel is a 3D grid created
with vertical pillars only & no faults are
taken into account while gridding through
the use of the make simple grid process.
•The make simple grid process is located
under Utilities in the process pane &
provides a simple alternative to the pillar
gridding process for creating 3D grids with
no faults
•The process only accepts surfaces as input
data for making the simple grid.
Make/Simple grid process
Surfaces input data – Make simple grid –
Make zones – Layering
Open the process from the processes pane
under utilities > make simple grid.
Select to generate skeleton only or use
surfaces as input
Set up the geometry settings of the
resulting grid & click ok. Result is stored in
the models pane.
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Visualization of Simple Grid

•Use 3D window and on a general

intersection
3D grid model
•Open new 3D window. Go to models
pane > simple grid > open the
subfolders & toggle on horizons &
edges.
•Right click the intersections folder>
select General intersection. Display &
adjust the planes General intersection
•Click toggle visualization on plane.
Toggle on horizons & edges on the
intersection.
•Open settings for the General
intersection on the intersection, toggle
on to visualize grid lines on the plane
from the 3D grid settings sub-tab.
Go to processes pane > corner point
gridding > layering. Layering changes
the vertical resolution of the grid.
Open new 3D window> activate
simple grid> open layering process
The zones of the grid are available in
the process, edit the settings for each
zone, select how to add layers. Click
ok.
Visualize edges & horizons from the
simple grid, the vertical resolution has
been changed.
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GEOMETRICAL PROPERTY
MODELING Method examples Examples of use
Objectives Bulk volume QC the negative cells of the 3D grid
Geometrical methods
Create bulk volume Cell angle QC the orthogonality of the cells in 3D grid
Well index
Zone & segment index QC the modeling grid for both zone &
Cell geometry segment
Use different property filter options
Well index QC 3D cells penetrated by well trajectory
•Geometrical modeling is a process where
properties can be generated by using Above contact Used in Sw calculations
predefined system variables. For most
properties no interpolation of input data is Seismic Resampling Resample the seismic into the 3D cells
required & properties are built based on
the cell geometry.
•For some properties input data is required
e.g. seismic resampling & Geobody Property Grid Filter Options
modeling I-J-K Filter Filters a row of cells in the I/J
•Each cell is assigned a numerical value direction and K direction (1).With
corresponding to the selected system this filter there is a property player
(2). It is useful for QC of grid
variable.
•These properties can be important in Index filter It skips a user defined amount of
cells in I-J-K direction. It is useful
volume calculations & in mathematical for viewing a fence diagram (3)
operations between petrophysical
properties (e.g. for generation of Sw
Value filter Applies cut off between selected
property). values of property (4)
To generate a property in the
geometrical modeling process, open the
process & select which type of property to
create.

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Bulk volume
Cell Angle Well Index

31
 Property player
•Is located in the function bar
•You can use the player by clicking on the I, J or
K icons
•It is a good tool for QC because you can inspect
the data in all directions. It is useful to inspect the
area around each well to see how the properties
have been distributed close to the well positions.
Property Filter
Go to Properties folder > settings > Filter tab
under the generated 3D grid, or by clicking on
the filter button in the function bar.
For upscaled cells there is a dropdown menu
showing the following options;
Always include - will always include the
upscaled cell (value from upscaled log) even
when filter is used. This option must be used with
care as it affects histograms, etc.
Exclude- always excludes the upscaled cells.
As normal cells- will follow filtering options
& treats the upscaled cells as the property itself.
Only- excludes everything but the upscaled
cells.
Special 1- filters out one cell layer around the
well- good for viewing inside the property in 3D.
Special 2- filters out two cell layers around the
well. Good for viewing inside the property in 3D.
Value filter allows you to filter on certain values
for one or several properties. To check for
negative volumes, set the max value to zero in
the value filter. All the negative cells will be
shown. This can be due to bad pillar gridding.

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1D Filter Application (Value Filter)
Create a cell angle property from
geometrical modeling. Right click the
cell angle property and select Create 1D
filters.
Set the filter (angle) parameters in the
Definition tab. Click Apply.
The filter is stored in the filters folder Visual Filters for 3D grid
in the input pane.
Toggle on the filter & view the filtered
property in the 3D window.
•1D filters are based on a single attribute,
such as cell angle.
•Cell angle can be used to identify non-
orthogonal cells. These values calculated
are angles representing the maximum
deviation from 90 degrees at each corner. Method examples Used for
Typically, these distorted cells align
along faults. As a rule of thumb, values Fault filter After having generated horizons
& zones, it helps display only
less than 15 are suitable for simulation. the faults related to a zone to
Higher values may result in errors when see the offsets on faults.
used in a typical five-point difference
Zone filter After having generated horizon
scheme. & zones, you can filter the
•The property player, filter function and zones.
the general intersection are excellent Segment filter After having generated the grid,
quality control tools. it helps display the horizons or
•The histogram and statistics tab are good properties within the areas
tools for quality control. They are filter closed by faults, grid boundary,
segment boundaries or a
sensitive in respect to zones & segments. combination of these.

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 PLOTTING
Objectives
Studio Find- search for data to plot
Map window
Intersection window
Learn how to create & manipulate annotations
Edit text styles
Screen captures
How to print screen plots
Studio Find
•It is useful to use the Studio Find functionality
while doing plotting. It is used if the project does
not contain data of interest for plotting.
Go to File menu > Update search index
Locate the find area in the tool bar.
The search filter pane & the search results pane Toolbar options for map window
will open. Locate the model to open by typing the
name in the search results pane.
The model is loaded & stored in the models pane.
If not, use the Reference project tool to load it.
 In your project locate the Find area in the
toolbar & write in the search word; 3D Grid.
Locate the one called 3D Grid (depth)(velocity
model) in the search results pane. It will be
stored in the models pane.
Map Window
Used to generate scaled plots of anything that can
be displayed in plan view (horizontal or xy plane).
Go to Window menu > Map window> select
items to be displayed by clicking on the objects.
Filter out to display objects of interest.
The map settings are stored in the windows pane
& controlled from there.
Alternatively use the icons in the toolbar. 34
Log Signatures in a Map Window

•Is a small well section window which

contains data from one well & is
displayed close to that well in the map
view.
Make sure that you are displaying a
Map window. Open the settings of the
main wells folder in the input.
Go to style tab & select the log
signatures sub-tab.
Add a new log signature. Different
log signatures should have different
names.
Drop in the petrel pre-made template
name signatures from the templates
pane > Well section templates >
petrel templates (it defines the logs to
be displayed). Click ok.

35
Property Display in a Map Window
Select the property to be displayed. If
nothing is displayed, go to settings for
properties folder.
In the style tab, make sure As property
is selected & jump the k-layer selection
up or down.
Post k-layer in the Info box. Display
info box by clicking on the show/hide
info box button in the toolbar; go to its
settings in settings tab. Append a new
row & select layer from the code column.
Making Scaled Intersection-
Intersection Window
Insert a new intersection Window
from the menu bar.
Toggle on general intersection.
Select items to display clicking on the
objects e.g. a property, faults. Filter by
zones.
Insert scale, header from the tools bar.

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Montage plots- Using Plot Window
A plot window can contain several
viewports. Viewports are the sub-windows
displayed in a plot window.
Insert new view ports in the window
using the new objects in window icon
from the tool bar. Each view port is stored
under plot window in the Windows pane.
Select items to display in each plot
window. Activate the view port in the
windows pane.
When a view port is active, it is bold in
Windows pane & has a red frame in the plot
window.
Plot Window Settings
Go to settings for plot window in the
windows pane.
Specify the number of view ports either
automatic or specify.
Well Section Viewport
Insert a new empty Plot Window from the
window menu > insert a New well section
viewport in the windows pane.
Go to settings fro the well section viewport
in the windows pane.
In the windows pane, select a well section,
& click the blue arrow to insert it into the
viewport settings. Click update & see the
changes in the plot window.

37
Annotations

By using the annotations functionality, it is

possible to display your own text on any 2D
or 3D window, including the map window.
Go to Insert menu > New annotations >
double click on the annotations (stored in the
input pane) > settings tab.
Append a row > select multiple drop &
drop in for example segments from segments
filter in the row, using the blue arrow.
The orientation (angles) can be specified
but annotations can easily be manipulated
interactively in the map window.
Screen Capture
You can use both EMF (Enhanced Window
Metafile) & Bitmap formats to capture screen
shots.
The EMF format is used for copying &
saving the view in a file; Edit menu > copy
metafile. Export Graphics can be used to
export the view directly as an EMF file.
The copy bitmap icon will copy the display
window. The bitmap can be displayed in
petrel by selecting Paste Bitmap.
Select Paste Bitmap from Edit menu.
Bitmap will be stored in the bottom of the
input pane.
View the Bitmap in an intersection or map
window.

38
Printing
Each plot window can have an
independent printer defined.
Open page set up from the tool bar.
Set up a plot size independently
from the currently selected or available
printers.
Do a print preview before sending
the map/intersection to the plotter.
The settings are available either
from the window object in the
Windows pane or from the File menu
for the currently active plot.

39