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Electromagnetic Spectrum

Electromagnetic radiation is a continuous spectrum of energy waves that includes visible light as well as invisible waves like radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. Visible light can be split into the colors of the visible spectrum using a prism. All electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that can travel through empty space and propagate at the speed of light. They have different wavelengths that determine their frequency, with shorter wavelengths corresponding to higher frequencies.

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Rin Kiyoshi Hazumi-Francisco
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94 views43 pages

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Electromagnetic radiation is a continuous spectrum of energy waves that includes visible light as well as invisible waves like radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. Visible light can be split into the colors of the visible spectrum using a prism. All electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that can travel through empty space and propagate at the speed of light. They have different wavelengths that determine their frequency, with shorter wavelengths corresponding to higher frequencies.

Uploaded by

Rin Kiyoshi Hazumi-Francisco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electromagnetic Radiation

A white light can be split up into a spectrum of many


colors and visible light is just part of a continuous
spectrum of electromagnetic radiation.
 Splitting of white light to form spectrum using prism
Waves… a review
 Most waves are either
longitudinal or transverse.
 Sound waves are longitudinal.
 But all electromagnetic waves
are transverse…
?
Parts of the Wave
PARTS OF LONGITUDINAL AND
TRANSVERSE WAVES
Electromagnetic Waves
and Material Interactions
Light, microwave, x-ray, TV, and cell phone
transmission are all kinds of electromagnetic
waves.
Electromagnetic waves are a group of energy
waves that are mostly invisible and can travel
through empty space.
These energies bombard our bodies all day
long, but we are only aware of a very small
portion of them: visible light (colors), infrared
light (heat), and ultraviolet (sunburn).
The shorter the wavelength the longer its frequency
The longer the wavelength the shorter its frequency
frequency
What does this picture show about the relationship
between frequency and wavelength?
What do these special clothes do?
 These protective clothes contain some amount of a
dense element, lead, in them
 The high density of this element allows x-rays to be
absorbed by atoms in lead, decreasing the energy of
the x-rays.
 Lead, in turn, shields your body from unnecessary
radiation by absorbing x-rays.

Only the upper


body was
imaged because
x-rays hitting the
lower torso were
absorbed by the
lead apron.
Let’s look at an example of reflection…
 Reflection- occurs when light is returned by an
object.
 Although many objects reflect light, common
examples include mirrors and smooth water
surfaces.
Why are shadows formed?
Why does refraction happen?
Types of EM Radiation
 Radiowaves
 lowest energy EM radiation
Electromagnetic waves
 Produced by the movement of
electrically charged particles
 Can travel in a “vacuum” (they do
NOT need a medium)
 Travel at the speed of

light
 Also known as EM waves
Radio waves
 Longest wavelength EM waves
 Uses:
 TV broadcasting
 AM and FM broadcast radio
 Heart rate monitors
 Cell phone communication
 MRI (MAGNETIC RESONACE IMAGING)
 Uses Short wave radio waves with a magnet to create an image
Microwaves
 Wavelengths from 1 mm- 1 m
 Uses:
 Microwave ovens
 Bluetooth headsets
 Broadband Wireless Internet
 Radar
 GPS
Infrared Radiation
 Wavelengths in between microwaves
and visible light
 Uses:
 Night vision goggles
 Remote controls
 Heat-seeking missiles
 Infrared radiation is a type of electromagnetic
radiation that involves heat, or thermal radiation.
 All objects emit (give out) and absorb (take in)
thermal radiation.
Visible light
 Only type of EM wave able to
be detected by the human eye
 Violet is the highest frequency
light
 Red light is the lowest
frequency light
Ultraviolet
 Shorter wavelengths than visible light
 Uses:
 Black lights
 Security images on money
 Harmful to living things
 Used to sterilize medical equipment
 Too much causes sun burn
 Extremely high exposure can cause skin cancer
X-rays
 Tiny wavelength, high
energy waves
 Uses:
 Medical imaging
 Airport security
 Moderate dose can damaging to cells
Gamma Rays
 Smallest wavelengths, highest energy EM
waves
 Uses
 Sterilizes medical equipment
 Cancer treatment to kill cancer cells
 Kills nearly all living cells.
Electromagnetic Spectrum

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