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Unit 1 Machine Tools

A lathe is a machine tool that uses a cutting tool to remove material from a rotating workpiece to create cylindrical or conical surfaces. It works by feeding a stationary cutting tool against the rotating workpiece. The main parts of a lathe include the bed, headstock, tailstock, carriage assembly, feed rod, and lead screw. Common operations performed on a lathe include turning, facing, knurling, taper turning, threading, and drilling.

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34 views

Unit 1 Machine Tools

A lathe is a machine tool that uses a cutting tool to remove material from a rotating workpiece to create cylindrical or conical surfaces. It works by feeding a stationary cutting tool against the rotating workpiece. The main parts of a lathe include the bed, headstock, tailstock, carriage assembly, feed rod, and lead screw. Common operations performed on a lathe include turning, facing, knurling, taper turning, threading, and drilling.

Uploaded by

Mohd Faiz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit-1

Machine Tools
Lathe
• A lathe is a machine tool used to remove excess
material from the work piece to get the required
shape and size.
• A lathe is a machine tool where a hard cutting
tool is fed against the rotating work piece to
remove excess material.
• A lathe is generally used to produce cylindrical
surfaces, flat surfaces and tapered surfaces.
principle of working
• A lathe works on the principle that “a
stationary cutting tool is fed against the
rotating work pieces”.
Lathe
Parts of lathe
• Bed
• Head stock
• Tail stock
• Carriage Assembly
• Feed Rod
• Lead Screw
Lathe operations
• Turning
• Facing
• Knurling
• Taper Turning
• Thread cutting
Turning
• It is an operation of
producing cylindrical
surfaces,
• When the cutting tool
moves parallel to the axis of
the rotation of the work
piece, cylindrical surfaces
are produced.
• Turning is also the operation
of reducing diameter of the
work piece .
Facing
• Facing is the operation of
producing flat surfaces.
• When the cutting tool
moves perpendicular to
the axis of the rotation of
the woe piece flat
surfaces are obtained.
• Facing is the operations
of reducing the length of
the work piece.
Knurling
• Knurling is the operation
of embossing diamond
shaped patterns on the
surface of the work piece.
• Tool used is called as
“knurling tool”.
• The knurling tool is
pressed against the
rotating work piece.
Taper Turning
• Taper Turning is the operation of producing tapered
surfaces or conical surfaces.
• When the cutting tool moves at angle to the axis of
the rotation of the work piece, tapered surfaces are
produced.

Different types of Taper turning


1. Taper Turning by swiveling the compound rest
method and
2. Tailstock offset method.
Taper Turning by Swiveling the Compound
Rest
FEED ROD: The feed rod is a long shaft that
gives automatic feed to the carriage for
various operations namely turning, boring etc
except thread cutting
LEAD SCREW ( SCREW ROD):
It is a long shaft with threads cut on it. The
rotation of the lead screw facilitates the
movement of carriage during thread
cutting operation. The rotation of the lead
screw gives the required motion to the
carriage relative to the rotation of the
work piece.
Thread cutting
• Thread cutting is an operation of
producing threads on a cylindrical
surfaces.
• Thread cutting is produced by using a tool
whose shape will be same as that of
thread.
• A thread is a helical shaped groove
formed on cylindrical surface of work
piece.
Drilling
• Drilling is an operation to produce a cylindrical
hole in workpiece.
• Tool used is called as “drill bit”.
• Tool is held on the tailstock and stationary.
• Work is held in chuck.
• Tool is fed against the revolving work by
rotating hand wheel.

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