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LESSON 3 Joint Variation

This document provides examples of joint variation, where y varies directly with the product of two or more quantities x and z such that y=kxz, where k is a constant. It defines joint variation and the constant of variation k. It then provides 5 examples calculating the constant of variation k based on given values for y, x, and z. It uses the determined constant k to then calculate values for y given new values for x and z. The examples demonstrate finding equations of joint variation and solving for missing values.

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84 views15 pages

LESSON 3 Joint Variation

This document provides examples of joint variation, where y varies directly with the product of two or more quantities x and z such that y=kxz, where k is a constant. It defines joint variation and the constant of variation k. It then provides 5 examples calculating the constant of variation k based on given values for y, x, and z. It uses the determined constant k to then calculate values for y given new values for x and z. The examples demonstrate finding equations of joint variation and solving for missing values.

Uploaded by

DAHLIA CONTAOI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3 - Lesson 3:

JOINT VARIATION
JOINT VARIATION–If y varies directly with a product of
two or more quantities, such that y=kxz, where k is a nonzero
constant, then y varies jointly with x and z.

The constant (k), which can be any nonzero real number, is


called the constant of variation.

In a joint variation, the equation is y =kxz, where k is a nonzero


constant.
Note that in an joint variation:
 k is a constant called the constant variation;
 y varies jointly with x and z; or
 y is directly proportional to x and z.
 y = kxz
EXAMPLES:
1. The values of y varies jointly as x and z. use the values y = 200, x = 5, and x = 4 to determine
the following:
a. Constant Variation
b. Equation relating y to x and z
c. Value of y when x = 15 and z = 2.
y=kxz
a. so that to find the constant, Substitute the values;
200=k(5)(4)
200=20k Solve for k
10=k Therefore, the value of constant variation (k) is 10.
b. To find the equation, substitute the value of k which is 10, in y=kxz
y=10xz This is the equation for variation
c. y=(10)(15)(2) Substitute 15 for x and 2 for z.
y=300
Thus, the value of y = 300 when x = 15 and z = 2.
EXAMPLES:
2.If f varies jointly as g and the cube of h, and f = 200 when g = 5 and h = 4, find f when g =
3 and h = 6.
y=kxz3 f=kgh3 Substitute the values.
200=k(5)(4)3
200=320k
200/320=320/320k Solve for k
=k Therefore, the value of the constant variation(k) is .
f =gh3 This is the equation for variation
f=3 Substitute 3 for g and 6 for h, solve for f.
f = (648)
f=405
Thus, the value of f = 405 when g = 3 and h=6.
EXAMPLES:
3. If y varies jointly as x and z, and y = 33 when x = 9 and z = 12, find y when x = 16 and z
= 22
y=kxz
33=k(9)(12)
33=108k
11/36=k Therefore, the value of the constant variation (k) is 11/36.
y=kxz
The equation of variation is y=11/36 xz.
y=11/36 (16)(22)
y=11/36(352)
y=3872/36
y=968/9
Thus, the value of y=968/9 when x = 16 and z = 22.
EXAMPLES:
4. Find an equation of variation in which y varies jointly as x and z and y = 45 when x = 18
and z = 10. Find y when x = 20 and z = 30.
y=kxz
45=k(18)(10)
45=180k
45/180=180k/180
1/4=k Therefore, the value of constant variation (k) is 1/4.
The equation of variation is y=1/4xz
y=1/4 (20)(30)
y=1/4 (600)
y=600/4
y=150

Thus, the value of y = 150 when x = 20 and z = 30.


EXAMPLES:
5. The volume of a right cylinder varies jointly with the square of its radius and its height.
When the radius is 2cm and the height is 6cm, the volume is 75.36 cm3.
a. Constant of variation, Since kr2h
Let us solve for constant (k) by substituting the given values;
75.36=24k
k= 3.14
b. Equation of variation is 3.14r2h
c. What is the volume if r=3 cm and h=5cm?
3.14r2h
3.14(3)2(5)
V=141.3 cm3
Therefore, the volume is 141.3 cm3 if r=3cm and h=5cm.
MIND EXERCISES ”y varies jointly as x and z”
DIRECTIONS: Find an equation of joint variation. Then solve for the missing values.

1. Suppose y varies jointly as the square of x and z, and y = 21 when x=3 and z=7. Find y when
x=6 and z=2/3.
2. Suppose a varies jointly as b and c2, and a = 6 when b = 2 and c=1/3.
3. Suppose y varies jointly as the square of x and z, and y = 4 when x = 50 and z=2/5. Find y when
x = 1/4 and z = 4.
4. Suppose y varies jointly as the square of x and z, and y = 4 when x=55 and z=2/3. Find y when
x=3/4 and z= 7.
5. The volume of a cylinder varies jointly as the square of its radius and height. The volume of
cylinder can is 785 cm3 between its radius is 5cm and its height is 10cm. If the can has a volume of
904.23cm3 and height of 8cm, find its radius.
DIRECTIONS: Find an equation of joint variation. Then solve for the missing
values.
SOLUTIONS:
1. Suppose y varies jointly as the square of x and z, and y = 21 when x=3 and z=7.
Find y when x=6 and z=2/3.
y = kxz
= k(3)(7) Substitute the values.
21 = 21k
1 = k Therefore, the value of the constant variation(k) is 1.

y = 1xz This is the equation for variation


y = 1(6)(2/3) Substitute 6 for x and 2/3 for z and solve for y.
y =4
Thus, the value of y = when x = 6 and z = 2/3.
DIRECTIONS: Find an equation of joint variation. Then solve for the missing values.
SOLUTIONS:

2. Suppose a varies jointly as b and c2, and a = 6 when b = 2 and c=1/3.


a = kbc2
2 = k(2)(1/3) 2 Substitute the values.
2 = 2/9k
9=k Therefore, the value of the constant variation(k) is 9.
a = 9bc2 This is the equation for variation
DIRECTIONS: Find an equation of joint variation. Then solve for the missing values.
SOLUTIONS:

3. Suppose y varies jointly as the square of x and z, and y = 4 when x = 50 and z=2/5.
Find y when x = 1/4 and z = 4.
y = kx2z
4 = k(50) 2(2/5) Substitute the values.
4 = 1000k
250 = k Therefore, the value of the constant variation(k) is 250.
y = 250x2z This is the equation for variation
y = 250(1/4)2(4) Substitute 1/4 for x and 4 for z and solve for y.
y =62.5 Thus, the value of y = 62.5 when x = 1/4 and z = 4.
DIRECTIONS: Find an equation of joint variation. Then solve for the missing values.
SOLUTIONS:

4. Suppose y varies jointly as the square of x and z, and y = 4 when x=55 and z=2/3. Find y
when x=3/4 and z= 7.
y = kx2z
4 = k(55) 2(2/3) Substitute the values.
4 = 2016.67k
504.17 = k Therefore, the value of the constant variation(k) is 504.17.
y = 504.17x2z This is the equation for variation
y = 504.17(3/4)2(7) Substitute 1/4 for x and 4 for z and solve for y.
y =1985.17 Thus, the value of y = 1985.17 when x = 3/4 and z = 7.
DIRECTIONS: Find an equation of joint variation. Then solve for the missing values.
SOLUTIONS:
5. The volume (V) of a cylinder varies jointly as the square of its (r) radius and (h) height. The
volume of cylinder can is 785 cm3 between its radius is 5cm and its height is 10cm. If the can
has a volume of 904.23cm3 and height of 8cm, find its radius.
V = kr2h
785= k(5) 2(10) Substitute the values.
785 = 250k
3.14 = k Therefore, the value of the constant variation(k) is 3.14.
V = 3.14r2h This is the equation for variation
904.23= 3.14(r)2(8) Substitute 904.23 for V and 8 for h and solve for r.
904.23=25.12 (r)2
36=(r)2
6 rThus, the value of r 6 when h = 8 and V = 904.23.
The End


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