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Sensor Example Mechatronics - Airbag

MEMS accelerometers are used in automobile airbags to detect rapid deceleration during a crash. The MEMS chip contains a microsensor that moves in response to acceleration or deceleration. Upon detecting rapid deceleration, the MEMS sensor triggers the airbag control unit to ignite the gas generator and rapidly inflate the airbag within 60-80 milliseconds, cushioning the impact on the vehicle occupant.

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Abdelkhaleq hassan
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87 views7 pages

Sensor Example Mechatronics - Airbag

MEMS accelerometers are used in automobile airbags to detect rapid deceleration during a crash. The MEMS chip contains a microsensor that moves in response to acceleration or deceleration. Upon detecting rapid deceleration, the MEMS sensor triggers the airbag control unit to ignite the gas generator and rapidly inflate the airbag within 60-80 milliseconds, cushioning the impact on the vehicle occupant.

Uploaded by

Abdelkhaleq hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.7.

3 MEMS and the automobile airbag

 Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are


mechanical devices that are built onto semiconductor
chips, generally ranging in size from about 20
micrometres to a millimetre and made up of components
0.001 to 0.1 mm in size.

 They usually consist of a microprocessor and


components such as microsensors and microactuators.

 MEMS can sense, control and activate mechanical


processes on the micro scale.
Examples of mechatronics systems (automotive)

1.7.3 MEMS and the automobile airbag

One type of direct contact force injury involves


a rapid acceleration/deceleration injury.
When head is moving at a rapid rate and
suddenly comes to a stop after striking an
immobile object.

Airbags in automobiles are designed to inflate in the event of a crash and so


cushion the impact effects on the vehicle occupant.

The Airbag
Examples of mechatronics systems (automotive)

The Airbag

11/25/2022 Dr Eltaib - KU 3
Examples of mechatronics systems (automotive)
The airbag sensor
The airbag sensor is a MEMS accelerometer with an integrated micromechanical
element which moves in response to rapid deceleration.

See Figure 2.9 for basic details of the ADXL-50 device which is widely used.

The rapid deceleration causes a change in capacitance in the MEMS


accelerometer, which is detected by the electronics on the MEMS chip and actuates
the airbag control unit to fire the airbag.

11/25/2022 Dr Eltaib - KU 4
MEMS Accelerometer
1.7.3 MEMS and the automobile airbag
Figure 2.9 (a) Push–pull sensor,
(b) such a sensor used as an element in the ADXL-50 MEMS accelerometer.
The Analog Devices ADXL50 consists of a mass spring system
as well as a system to measure displacement and the appropriate
signal conditioning circuitry.

When C1 is in one arm of an a.c. bridge and C2 in the other, then the resulting out-of-
balance voltage is proportional to x.

Such a sensor is typically used for monitoring displacements from a few millimetres to
hundreds of millimetres.
Non-linearity and hysteresis are about ±0.01% of full range
1.7.3 MEMS and the automobile airbag

The airbag control unit then triggers the ignition of a gas generator propellant
to rapidly inflate a nylon fabric bag (Figure 1.23).

As the vehicle occupant’s body collides with and squeezes the inflated bag,
the gas escapes in a controlled manner through small vent holes and so
cushions the impact.
From the onset of the crash, the entire deployment and inflation process of the
airbag is about 60 to 80 milliseconds.

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