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    Quality and TA Based Handover

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    Kumar Madanpuri
    Quality and timing advance (TA) based handovers in GSM systems work to ensure optimal signal quality and prevent call drops. The system measures uplink and downlink transmission quality, and compares it to thresholds for different codec types. If quality exceeds these limits, an urgency condition triggers handover. Timing advance tracks how far in advance a mobile station must transmit to compensate for propagation delays. When timing advance reaches the timing advance limit, a handover is triggered to hand the call to a neighboring cell. Together, quality and timing advance thresholds allow the network to proactively hand calls over before quality degrades or the mobile station reaches the edge of cell coverage.

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    Quality and TA Based Handover

    Uploaded by

    Kumar Madanpuri
    395 views20 pages
    Quality and timing advance (TA) based handovers in GSM systems work to ensure optimal signal quality and prevent call drops. The system measures uplink and downlink transmission quality, and compares it to thresholds for different codec types. If quality exceeds these limits, an urgency condition triggers handover. Timing advance tracks how far in advance a mobile station must transmit to compensate for propagation delays. When timing advance reaches the timing advance limit, a handover is triggered to hand the call to a neighboring cell. Together, quality and timing advance thresholds allow the network to proactively hand calls over before quality degrades or the mobile station reaches the edge of cell coverage.

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    Quality and TA Based Handover in GSM.

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    Quality and timing advance (TA) based handovers in GSM systems work to ensure optimal signal quality and prevent call drops. The system measures uplink and downlink transmission quality, and compares it to thresholds for different codec types. If quality exceeds these limits, an urgency condition triggers handover. Timing advance tracks how far in advance a mobile station must transmit to compensate for propagation delays. When timing advance reaches the timing advance limit, a handover is triggered to hand the call to a neighboring cell. Together, quality and timing advance thresholds allow the network to proactively hand calls over before quality degrades or the mobile station reaches the edge of cell coverage.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt
    395 views20 pages

    Quality and TA Based Handover

    Uploaded by

    Kumar Madanpuri
    Quality and timing advance (TA) based handovers in GSM systems work to ensure optimal signal quality and prevent call drops. The system measures uplink and downlink transmission quality, and compares it to thresholds for different codec types. If quality exceeds these limits, an urgency condition triggers handover. Timing advance tracks how far in advance a mobile station must transmit to compensate for propagation delays. When timing advance reaches the timing advance limit, a handover is triggered to hand the call to a neighboring cell. Together, quality and timing advance thresholds allow the network to proactively hand calls over before quality degrades or the mobile station reaches the edge of cell coverage.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT or read online from Scribd
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    Quality and TA based Handover Implementation

    K S Madanpuri

    Quality based Handover Implementation


    The system constantly measures the transmission quality for both the up-link and down-link connections. Another term for for transmission quality is BER. A high BER may result from a signal strength that is too low or from interfering signals.Seperate thresholds (QLIMULAFR & QLIMDLAFR) are set for connections using AMR speech codecs due to more robust nature of AMR connections. The separate threshold for AMR makes it possible to avoid unnecessary bad quality handovers for terminals using AMR speech codecs.

    The relationship between BER and deci-transformed quality units(dtqu) is as below


    BER before Value channel decoder <=0.2% 0.2 0.4 % 0.4 0.8 % 0.8 1.6 % 1.6 3.2 % 3.2 6.4 % 6.4 12.8 % >= 12.8% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 dtqu 00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

    Quality based Handover Implementation


    If the quality value, as calculated in the averaging process, exceeds either the Quality LIMit Down-Link (QLIMDL) or the Quality LIMit Up-Link (QLIMUL), the system indicates an urgency codition.QLIMUL and QLIMDL parameters determine thresholds triggering an urgency handover.

    Quality based Handover Implementation


    The parameters are QLIMUL: Quality limit up-link for handover. Numeral 0-100 QLIMDL:Quality limit downlink for handover. Numeral 0-100 QLIMULAFR: Quality limit up-link for handover for Terminals using Fullrate speech codecs. Numeral 0-100 QLIMDLAFR: Quality limit down-link for handover for terminal using Fullrate AMR speech codecs. Numeral 0-100

    If the quality value, as calculated in the averaging process, exceeds either the Quality LIMit Down-Link (QLIMDL) or the Quality LIMit Up-Link (QLIMUL), the system indicates an urgency codition.QLIMUL and QLIMDL parameters determine thresholds triggering an urgency handover.

    TA
    What is TA ?

    TA
    Frequency Channel Time Slot

    Time

    Air Interface Layers


    Messages Logical Channels Radio Transmission Terminal Layer 3 Messages Layer 2 Packets Layer 1 Bits Messages Logical Channels Radio Transmission Base Station

    Burst
    The information contained in one time slot on the TDMA frame is call a burst. Five types of burst
    Normal Burst (NB) Frequency Correction Burst (FB) Synchronization Burst (SB) Access Burst (AB) Dummy Burst

    TA

    TA

    TA
    26 multiframes periodicity = 120 mS 1 multiframe periodicity = 120/26 mS = 4.615 mS 1 frame periodicity = 8 Time slot So, 1 TS periodicity = 4.615/8 mS = 577 micro S 1 TS periodicity = 156.25 bit So, 1 bit periodicity = 577/156.25 = 3.69 micro S The distance covered in 1 bit periodicity = 3.69*300 = 1106 meteres

    TA
    Timing advance is a solution specifically designed to counteract the problem of time alignment. It works by instructing the Mis-aligned MS to transmit its burst earlier or later than it normally would. In GSM, the timing advance information relates to bit times. Thus, an MS may be instructed to commence its transmission a certain number of bit times earlier or later, related to previous position, to reach its timeslot at the BTS in right time.

    TA
    BTS may transmit and receive continuously, whereas the MS transmission and reception times are periodic,it is up to the MS to compensate for propagation delay by anticipating its transmission time.The MS has to send a burst on the uplink way 3TS-2t after receiving a burst on the downlink way; 2t is Timing Advance value.

    TA

    TA based handover
    TALIM : Timing advance limit for handover. Numeral 0-63 bit periods (normal cell) 0-219 bit periods (extended cell range)

    TA based Handover Implementation


    If an MS is close to the cell border, defined by the TA, a handover will be triggered. The BSC compares the current average value of TA to the defined TALIM. If TA exceeds TALIM, the BSC tries to hand the MS over the a suitable neighboring cell.

    TA based Handover Implementation


    If TA exceeds TALIM, the BSC tries to hand the MS over the a suitable neighboring cell. If no suitable neighbor is available, no handover will be executed. Since GSM defines the maximum TA to be 63 bits periods, the TALIM value must be smaller than 63. MAXTA : Timing advance limit when an MS is considered lost. Numeral 0-63 bits period (Normal range cell).Numeral 0-219 bits periods (extended range cell).

    TA based Handover Implementation


    THANKS K S MADANPURI

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