Lecture 1:

Introduction to Project
Management

PMBOK 6th Ed
IT Project Management, Nine Edition
 Contents
 Explain why we need projects, what a project is, when is the end of a project.
 Provide examples of IT projects, list various attributes of projects ,
 Define the meaning of project management, explain why project management
is important, project management framework,
 Discuss the relationship between project, program, and portfolio management
 Why we need Projects?

GDPR (e- Meet regulatory, Satisfy Digital

commerce) legal and social stakeholder
requirements requests or needs transformation

Project

Create, improve Implement or

or fix product, change business Industry 4.0
or technological
Mobile app processes or
services strategies

Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK
guide),” Sixth edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
What Is a Project?
 A project
project is “a temporary endeavor(nỗ lực đầu
tư tạm thời) undertaken to create a unique
product, service, or result” (PMBOK® Guide,
Fifth Edition, 2012)
 Objective – Projects end (kết thúc) when their
objectives have been reached or the project has
been terminated
 Size & Duration – Projects can be large or small
and take a short or long time to complete

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 When is the end of a project

The end of the project is reached when one or more of the following is true:
 The project’s objectives have been achieved;
objectives
 The objectives will not or cannot be met;
objectives
 Funding is exhausted or no longer available for allocation to the project;
Funding
 The need for the project no longer exists (e.g., the customer no longer wants
the project completed, a change in strategy or priority ends the project, the
need
organizational management provides direction to end the project);
 The human or physical resources are no longer available; or
 The project is terminated for legal cause or convenience.
resources

legal course

Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK
guide),” Sixth edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
Examples of IT Projects
 A team of students creates a smartphone application and
sells it online
 A company develops a driverless car –
◦ “autonomous car (driverless car,[1] self-driving car,[2] robotic car[3]) is a vehicle that is capable of
sensing its environment and navigating without human input, [4]” Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_car
◦ Google self-driving car
 A small software development team(đội phát triển) adds a
new feature to an internal software application for the
finance department
◦ Integrating with e-Commerce and inventory functions

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 Examples of Strategic Projects
 Mobile apps
Mobile-centricapplications and interfaces project –
 “Mobile app to track children on Singapore school buses” - “... school children ... with a small
electronic tag that would alert bus drivers, via an app, when a child gets on and off the bus. The tag
also acts as an electronic attendance marker. ... An alarm on the driver’s app will also go off if a child
misses his stop, or is still on the bus after everyone else has got off. The children’s parents also had a
specific app that would push notifications for when the bus was arriving, when their child got on or
off the bus, as well as track the bus location on a map” – Source: http://goo.gl/g6YCYk
 Internet of things project
IoT
 Physical items connected to the Internet by means of sensors (e.g., “August Smart Lock”)
 Cloud computing project
Cloud computing
 Amazon Key (all you need – Amazon smart lock, “Key” app --- to lock n unlock door) ---- Oct.,
2017
 Others:
 research on social media governance process,
 construct a building,
 assembly a car,
 Explore new market
 Examples of IoT Projects
 1. Smart Agriculture System
 that can perform and even monitor a host of farming tasks. For instance, you can schedule the
system to irrigate a piece of land automatically, or you can spray fertilizers/pesticides on the
crops wirelessly through your smartphone
 2. Weather Reporting System
 the system is embedded with temperature, humidity, and rain sensors that can monitor the
weather conditions and provide live reports of weather statistics. …  an always-on, automated
system that sends data via a microcontroller to the webserver using a WIFI connection
 3. Home Automation System
 gives more power to the user to control and manage household appliances from any location
in the world
 4. Face Recognition Bot
 one of the best IoT Projects where the intelligent AI bot is designed to recognize the faces of
different people or a single person and also their unique voice.
 … system includes facial recognition features like face detection (perceives faces and attribute
the same in an image), person identification (matches an individual in your private repository
containing hundreds and thousands of people), and also emotion recognition (detects a range
of facial expressions including happiness, contempt, neutrality, and fear) … for a robust
security system Source: 2022,
https://www.upgrad.com/blog/i
ot-project-ideas-topics-for-
beginners/.
Project Attributes
 A project
◦ has a unique purpose
◦ is temporary
◦ is developed using progressive elaboration
 from broad initial plan to specific details, as time passes
◦ requires resources, often from various areas
◦ should have a primary customer or sponsor
 The project sponsor usually provides the direction and
funding for the project
◦ involves uncertainty
 Supplier went out of business, unplanned team member time
off

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 What is project management?

 Project management is the application of

 knowledge,
knowledge

 skillsskills
技能 ,
 tools,
tools and
 techniques 技術
techniques

to project activities to meet the project requirements.

 Project management is accomplished through the appropriate application
and integration of the project management processes identified for the
project.
 Project management enables organizations to execute projects effectively
and efficiently.

Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK
guide),” Sixth edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
 What is project management?

 Project management is the application of

 knowledge,
knowledge

 skillsskills
技能 ,
 tools,
tools and
 techniques 技術
techniques

to project activities to meet the project requirements.

 Project management is accomplished through the appropriate application
and integration of the project management processes identified for the
project.
 Project management enables organizations to execute projects effectively
and efficiently.

Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK
guide),” Sixth edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
Why project management is important? (1)
 project management
Effective project management helps to: helps

Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK
guide),” Sixth edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
Why project management is important? (2)
 Poorly managed projects or the absenceabsence of management
of project project management
may result in:

Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK
guide),” Sixth edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
Figure 1-2 Project Management
Framework

Four components – S, KA, T&T, and the contribution

of successful projects to the enterprise

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PMBOK® Guide Key Components in Projects

Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide),” Sixth
edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
Project Stakeholders
 Stakeholders are the people involved in or
affected by project activities
 Stakeholders include
◦ the project sponsor
◦ the project manager
◦ the project team
◦ support staff
◦ customers
◦ users
◦ suppliers
◦ opponents to the project

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10 Project Management Knowledge
Areas
 Knowledge areas describe the key competencies
that project managers must develop
 Project managers must have knowledge and skills

in all 10 knowledge areas (project integration,

scope, time, cost, quality, human resource,
communications, risk, procurement, and
stakeholder management)

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Project Management Tools and Techniques

 Project management tools and techniques assist

project managers and their teams in various
aspects of project management
 Some specific ones include

◦ Project charter, scope statement, and WBS (scope)

◦ Gantt charts, network diagrams, critical path analysis,
critical chain scheduling (time)
◦ Cost estimates and earned value management
◦ See Table 1-1 for many more

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 An example of a Project Charter, Scope Statement, WBS

Source: textbook

Back 19
 An example of a Gantt Chart
Source: https://business-docs.co.uk/downloads/excel-gantt-chart-template/

Back
20
 An example of a Network Diagram
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URdxhl_8qIE

Back
21
Project Success
 There are several ways to define project success:
◦ The project met scope, time, and cost goals
◦ The project satisfied the customer/sponsor
◦ The results of the project met its main objective, such as
making or saving a certain amount of money, providing a
good return on investment, or simply making the
sponsors happy

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Program and Project Portfolio
Management
 A program is “a group of related projects managed in a
coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not
available from managing them individually” (PMBOK®
Guide, Fifth Edition, 2012)

 A program manager provides leadership and direction

for the project managers heading the projects within the
program

 Examples of common programs in the IT field include

infrastructure, applications development, and user
support Celeste: a national company IT
infrastructure migration to hybrid cloud

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Project and Program Managers
 Project
Projectmanagers
managers work with project sponsors,
project team, and other people involved in a
project to meet project goals
 Program
Program managers
managers oversee programs; often act
as bosses for project managers

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Table 1-3 Ten Most Important Skills and
Competencies for Project Managers
1. People skills
2. Leadership
3. Listening
4. Integrity, ethical behavior, consistent
5. Strong at building trust
6. Verbal communication
7. Strong at building teams
8. Conflict resolution, conflict management
9. Critical thinking, problem solving
10. Understands, balances priorities

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Project Portfolio Management
 As part of project portfolio management,
organizations group and manage projects and
programs as:
◦ a portfolio of investments that contribute to the entire
enterprise’s success

Celeste: e.g. to achieve a specific

strategic goal

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 Portfolio, programs and projects

Portfolio

Programs

Projects

Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK
guide),” Sixth edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
 Portfolio, programs and projects

Source: Celeste SP Ng, 2022

 Organizational project management

Celeste: Assume
FENC’s strategic
goal is …
increment in
market share by
Portfolio Programs
10% ( P/f):
(1) Prog: R&D
initiatives;
new factories
Projects Operations
constructions
(2) Operation:
textile / fabric
manufacturing Celeste: Project
(3) Proj: new (temporary) vs
factory site-A; operations (is
Mobile APP ongoing)
development
Source: PMI, 2017, “A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK
guide),” Sixth edition, Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.
Figure 1-3. Project Management Compared
to Project Portfolio Management

strategic and tactical goals

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Figure 1-6. Sample Gantt Chart
Created with Project 2010

Example of PM TOOLS

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Figure 1-7. Sample Network Diagram
Created with Project 2010

Example of PM TOOLS

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Recap - Chapter Summary
 Explain why we need projects, what a project is, when
is the end of a project.
A project
◦ A project is a temporary
is a temporary endeavor
endeavor undertaken
undertaken to create
to create a
a unique
unique product,product,
service,service,
or resultor result
 Provide examples of IT projects, list various attributes
of projects,
 Define the meaning of project management, explain
why project management is important, project
management framework,
◦ Project
Projectmanagement the application
management is the applicationofofknowledge,
knowledge, skills,
skills, tools,
tools,
and and techniques
techniques to project
to project activities
activities to meettoproject
meet requirements
project
requirements
 Discuss the relationship between project, program,
and portfolio management
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